646 



RUBIACE.E. CCXV. RUBIA. 



high mountains of Tarma, at Bombom. Galium corymbosum, 

 Ruiz et Pav. fl. per. 1. p. 59. The roots dye a red colour. 

 Corymbose-fiowered Madder. PI. creeping. 



* * Berries hairy or scabrous. Leaves l-nerved. 



35 R. HYPOCA'RPIA (D. C. prod. 4. p. 591.) stems tetragonal, 

 hispid from long villi along the angles ; leaves oval-oblong, hairy 

 on both surfaces; peduncles axillary, 1 -flowered, hardly shorter 

 than the leaves ; bracteas oblong, rather hairy ; flower as well 

 as the fruit almost sessile within the involucrum ; berries rather 

 hairy. Native of Jamaica. P. Browne, jam. p. 141. Valantia 

 hypocarpia, Lin. spec. 1491. Swartz, obs. p. 385. R. Brownei, 

 Spreng. syst. 1. p. 397. Berries blackish. 



Under-fruited Madder. PI. straggling. 



86 R. RE'LBUN (Cham, et Schlecht. in Linnaea. 3. p. 229.) 

 the whole plant is scabrous, and clothed with short pili ; stems 

 acutely tetragonal ; leaves obovate-elliptic, obtuse, mucronate, 

 rather membranous, with ciliated margins, scabrous from hairs 

 on both surfaces; peduncles axillary, 1 -flowered, opposite or 

 verticillate ; bracteas broad-lanceolate ; flower sessile ; berry 

 sessile, globose, rather pilose. ^ . F. Native of Chili, Brazil, 

 and Caraccas. Poep. pi. exsic. chil. no. 705. Feuill. obs. 3. p. 

 CO. t. 45. R. Chilensis, Willd. spec. 1. p. 604. but not of 

 Mol. The plant is called Relbun in Chili, as well as other 

 species ; and the roots are red, and used for dyeing like the 

 common madder. 



Relbun Madder. PI. straggling. 



37 R. RICHARDIA'NA (Gill. mss. ex Hook, et Am. in bot. 

 misc. 3. p. 362.) plant glabrous, scabrous, shining ; stems erect- 

 ish, teretely quadrangular ; leaves 4 in a whorl, linear-oblong, 

 acute, l-nerved, one-half shorter than the internodes ; peduncles 

 opposite or in whorles, equal in length to the leaves, bearing 4 

 bracteas and 3 flowers at the apex ; fruit tubercular in the im- 

 mature state. Andes of Mendoza. 



Richardson's Rubia. PI. straggling. 



38 R. HJENKEA'NA (Gill. mss. ex Hook. bot. misc. 3. p. 

 363.) plant hairy, hoary ; stems procumbent, terete ; leaves 4 in 

 a whorl, linear, acute, deflexed, one-nerved, broader at the base ; 

 peduncles in whorles much longer than the leaves, bearing 3 

 flowers and 4 bracteas at the apex ; fruit tubercular, scabrous. 

 1.F. Native of Chili, about Mendoza. 



Hcenke's Rubia. PI. procumbent. 



39 R. PUSI'LLA (Gill. mss. ex Hook, et Arn. in bot. misc. 3. 

 p. 363.) plant tufted, glabrous, branched, shining ; stems smooth, 

 terete, furrowed ; leaves 4 in a whorl, oblong-linear, mucronate, 

 with smoothish margins ; peduncles equal in length to the leaves, 

 bearing 3 flowers and 3 bracteas at the apex ; fruit minutely tu- 

 bercular when immature. Tf. . F. Native of Chili, in the pro- 

 vince of San Louis. This has quite the appearance of some 

 states of Galium pumilum. 



Small Rubia. PI. straggling. . 



40 R. ORINOCE'NSIS (H. B. et Kuntb, nov.:gen. amer. 3. p. 

 239.) stems tetragonal, glabrous, scabrous on the angles; branches 

 pilose ; leaves on short petioles, oblong, acute, pilose, one-half 

 shorter than the internodes ; peduncles axillary, 1-flowered, soli- 

 tary ; flower almost sessile, within the involucrum ; berries 

 pilose. I/ . F. Native on the banks of the Orinoco, in hot 

 places, and of the south of Brazil, ex Cham, et Schlecht. in 

 Linnaea. 4. p. 228. R. Brownei, Spreng. syst. 1 . p. 397. Ga- 

 lium pauciflorum, Willd. herb. 



Orinoco Madder. PI. straggling. 



41 R. MUCRONA'TA (Hook, et Arn. in bot. misc. 3. p. 363.) 

 stems prostrate, glabrous, terete, 4-furrowed, branched ; leaves 4 

 in a whorl, linear-oblong, glabrous, shining, with revolute edges, 

 3 times shorter than the internodes ; common peduncles axillary, 

 longer than the leaves; flowers cymose. y.. F. Native of 



Chili, about Conception and Tarma ; and of Peru, in arid places. 

 Galium leucocarpum, D. C. prod. 4. p. 612. Galium Tar- 

 mnse, Spreng. syst. p. 27. G. mucronatum. Ruiz et Pav. fl. 

 per. 1. p. 66. G. apiculatum, Roam, et Schultes, syst. 3. p. 222. 

 Fruit milk coloured. 



Mucronate Madder. PI. prostrate. 



42 R. INCA'NA (H. B. et Kunth, nov. gen. amer. 3. p. 338.) 

 stems tetragonal, hoary from villi ; leaves 4 in a whorl, ovate, 

 short-acuminated, mucronate, with revolute margins, which are 

 as well as the middle nerve hispid from pili ; peduncles axillary, 

 1 -flowered, length of leaves ; flower sessile, within the involu- 

 crum ; berries rather pilose. 7/ . F. Native on the Andes about 

 Quindiu, near El Moral. Corolla rather hairy outside. 



Hoary Madder. PI. straggling. 



43 R. HI'RTA (H. B. et Kunth, nov. gen. amer. 3. p. 338.) 

 stems tetragonal, hairy ; leaves 4 in a whorl, on short petioles, 

 oblong, acute, mucronate, hairy ; peduncles axillary, opposite, 

 1-flowered, hardly shorter than the leaves ; flower sessile, within 

 the involucrum ; berries scabrous. I/ . F. Native near the 

 town of Quito. 



Hairy Madder. PI. straggling. 



* * * Leaves 3-nerved. Berries glabrous. 



44 R. NOXIA (St. Hil. pi. rem. bras. p. 229.) stems tetra- 

 gonal, beset with retrograde bristles along the angles below, and 

 hairy at top ; leaves sessile, elliptic, obtuse, ending in a very short 

 point, 3-nerved, membranous, rather pellucid, scabrous from pili 

 above, and on the nerves beneath ; peduncles axillary, solitary, 

 1-flowered, pilose ; bracteas 4, ovate ; berries glabrous. Native 

 of Brazil, in woods in the province of Minas Geraes. Corollas 

 greenish, hardly pilose. Flowers either sessile or pedicellate 

 within the involucrum. Berries white. 



Hurtful Madder. PI. straggling. 



45 R. A'SPERA (Pohl, inlitt. ex D. C. prod. 4. p. 592.) stems 

 tetragonal, glabrous, scabrous along the angles from retrograde 

 bristles ; leaves sessile, ovate, mucronulate, membranous, 3- 

 nerved, rather scabrous along the margins and nerves, especially 

 beneath, glabrous ; peduncles axillary, tetragonal, rather longer 

 than the leaves ; bracteas oval, glabrous ; berries glabrous, ses- 

 sile, within the involucrum. I/ . F. Native of Brazil, where it 

 was collected by Pohl. Nodi of stems scabrous from short 

 crowded hairs. Bracteas greenish-yellow. Berries blackish. 



Rough Madder. PI. straggling. 



46 R. DIFFU'SA (Pohl, in litt. ex D. C. prod. 4. p. 592.) stems 

 tetragonal, hispid ; leaves sessile, oval, acute, membranous, 3- 

 nerved, hispid along the margins and nerves, especially beneath ; 

 peduncles axillary, 1-flowered, longer than the leaves; bracteas 

 4, ovate, acute, rather hispid ; berry glabrous, sessile within the 

 involucrum. I/ . F. Native of Brazil, where it was collected 

 by Pohl. Upper leaves smoothish. Peduncles 5-6 lines long. 

 Berries blackish. 



Diffuse Madder. PI. straggling. 



3. Galioidece (this section contains plants having the habit 

 of species of Galium). D. C. prod. 4. p. 492. American species 

 with tetrandrous florvers, which are disposed in dichotomous 

 cymes, never girded by any involucra. 



47 R. EQUISETOIDES (Cham, et Schlecht. in Linnaea. 3. p. 

 232.) branches compressedly tetragonal, scabrous from retro- 

 grade bristles ; leaves small, erectly adpressed, somewhat trian- 

 gular, acute ; cymes divaricate, dichotomous or trichotomous ; 

 flowers sessile in the forks ; bracteas 4, under the branches ; 

 berries glabrous. I/ . F. Native of the south of Brazil. 



Horse-tail-like Madder. PI. straggling. 



48 R. EPHEDROIDES (Cham, et Schlecht. in Linnaea. 3. p. 

 231.) glabrous; stem nearly terete; branches acutely tetragonal, 

 roughish ; leaves narrow-elliptic or linear, acute, smooth ; cymes 



1 



