RUBIACEjE. CCXVI. GAUDM. 



649 



twice the length of the fruit. I/ . H. Native of Caucasus, 

 among rocks, and in stony, dry places, on the Talusch mountains. 

 Hyrcanian Bed-straw. PI. 1 foot. 



18 G. ERE'CTUM (Huds. angl. p. 68. Smith, engl. hot. 2067.) 

 stems erect, branched at the top, tetragonal, smooth, equal ; 

 leaves 6-8 in a whorl, linear-lanceolate, mucronate, stiff, having 

 the margins serrulated with prickles ; panicles trichotomous, 

 lobes of corolla acuminated ; fruit glabrous, smooth. I/. H. 

 Native of Europe, in hedges and pastures. In England, on the 

 bushy part of Heydon Common ; and in dry hedges at Port-Slade. 

 D. C. fl. fr. no. 3362. Req. diss. mss. G. provincialis, Lam. diet. 

 2. p. 581. Stem slightly hairy under each joint. Marginal bristles 

 of leaves pointing forwards. Flowers white. Perhaps a mere 

 variety of G. Mollugo. 



Var. ft, lucidum (D. C. 1. c.) lobes of corolla setaceously 

 acuminated. Tf.. H. Native of hills in Piedmont and Dauphiny. 

 G. lucidum, All. ped. no. 21. t. 77. -f. 2. G. rigidum, Vill. 

 dauph. 2. p. 319. 



Var. y, scdbridum (D. C. prod. 4. p. 596.) lower part of 

 stem and lower leaves clothed with scabrous pubescence. 1 . 

 H. Native of Switzerland and Austria, on dry hills. G. pu- 

 bescens, Schleich. exsic. G. scabrum, Jacq. fl. aust. t. 422. 

 G. lucidum, ft, Gaud. fl. helv. 1. p. 419. 



Var. I, approximatum (D. C. prod. 4. p. 596.) whorles of 

 leaves closer together. I/ . H. G. lucidum, Hort. par. 



Erect Bed-straw. Fl. June, July. Britain. PI. 1 to 2 feet. 



19 G. MOLLU'GO (Lin_ spec, p. 155.) stems flaccid, tetra- 

 gonal, thickened above the nodi, glabrous, spreadingly branched ; 

 leaves 6-8 in a whorl, elliptic-obovate, mucronate, spreading, 

 serrated a little ; peduncles much branched, disposed in pani- 

 cles ; lobes of corolla acuminated ; fruit glabrous, smooth. 1{. 

 H. Native almost throughout Europe and Caucasus, in hedges ; 

 plentiful in Britain. Older, fl. dan. t. 455. Bull. herb. t. 283. 

 Smith, engl. bot. t. 1673. Lob. icon. t. 802. f. 12. G. boreale, 

 Lapeyr. ex Benth. Petiv. herb. brit. t. 30. f. 4. Flowers 

 white, and sometimes yellowish. Herb very variable in height 

 and breadth of leaves. Leaves hairy on the margins and keel, 

 but never rough to the touch. The plant is called Wild Madder, 

 and Great Bastard Madder. The roots are creeping, and yield 

 a red dye like the true Madder, but of a brighter colour : like 

 that also they dye the bones of animals red that feed on them. 



Vau. ft, aristatum (Dub. bot. gall. p. 249.) lobes of corolla 

 mucronate. 2/ . H. G. aristatum, Lin. spec. 152. D. C. fl. 

 fr. 4. p. 255. 



Var. y, scabrum (D. C. fl. fr. no. 3361. ft.) lower parts of 

 stems and lower leaves scabrous from hairs. I/ . H. Native of 

 exposed places. G. scabrum, With. brit. 190. 



Var, S, elatum (D. C. prod. 4. p. 596.) stems taller and more 

 tumid at the joints. It . H. Native of moist places, as bogs. 

 G. elatum, Thuill.fl. par. ed. 2. vol. 1. p. 76. 



Mollugo, or Great-hedge Bed-straw. Fl. July, Aug. Britain. 

 PI. 2 to 4 feet. 



20 G. FRUTICOSUM (Willd. spec. 1. p. 585.) stems suffrutes- 

 cent, glabrous, tetragonal ; leaves 4 in a whorl, linear, very 

 blunt, glabrous ; flowers densely panicled at the tops of the 

 branches; lobes of corolla acuminated ; fruit glabrous. 3. H. 

 Native of Candia. Cruciata Cretica frutic6sa, flore albo, Tourn. 

 cor. p. 4. Very nearly allied to G. Mollugo. 



Shrubby Bed-straw. Fl. June, July. Clt. 1819. Sh. 1 ft. 



21 G. MEDITERRA'NEUM (D. C. prod. 4. p. 596.) stems 

 ascending, tetragonal, smooth ; lower leaves 4 in a whorl, obo- 

 vate, mucronulate : upper leaves 6 in a whorl, linear-lanceolate, 

 mucronate, with rather scabrous margins ; peduncles di-tricho- 

 tomous ; lobes of corolla ending in an awn ; fruit glabrous. I/ . H. 

 Native of Corsica, on Mount Reston, where it was collected by 

 M. Thomas ; and on the mountains of Liguria, by Badaro. G. 



VOL. III. 



campestre, Dub. bot. gall. 1. p. 248. but not of Willd. Flowers 

 white or yellowish. It differs from G. campestre in the stem 

 being smooth, not scabrous on the angles, in the form of the 

 leaves, and in the awned lobes of the corolla. 

 Mediterranean Bed-straw. PI. ascending. 



22 G. MA'XIMUM (Moris, elench. sard. 1. p. 55.) plant gla- 

 brous ; stems smoothish, much branched, erect ; leaves 6 in a 

 whorl, oblong-linear, obtuse, with scabrous edges ; branches 4 

 in a whorl ; peduncles trichotomous ; lobes of corolla acutish ; 

 fruit glabrous. Tj . H. Native of Sardinia, among bushes, and 

 in wet pastures by the sea side. 



Largest Bed-straw. PI. 2 to S feet. ? 



23 G. INSU'BRICUM (Gaud. fl. helv. 1. p. 421.) plant gla- 

 brous ; stems decumbent, much branched ; leaves obovate, 

 apiculated, serrated with prickles : cauline ones 6 in a whorl : 

 rameal ones 4 in a whorl ; umbels trifid, few-flowered ; bracteas 

 oblong, solitary ; lobes of corolla drawn out into a thread each ; 

 fruit glabrous. 2/ . H. Native of Switzerland and Insubria, 

 in rocky, stony places. Flowers very small, white. Allied to 

 G. Mollugo. 



Insubrian Bed-straw. PI. decumbent. 



24 G. PYRENA'ICUM (Gouan. ill. p. 5. t. 1. f. 4.) plant tufted, 

 quite glabrous, greenish-glaucous, shining ; stems striated, smooth ; 

 leaves 6 in a whorl, linear, aristate, erect, approximate, rather 

 tumid at the base ; pedicels axillary, solitary, 3 times shorter 

 than the leaves, 1 -flowered; fruit glabrous, y.. H. Native 

 of the Pyrenees, especially on the eastern and central ranges ; 

 and on the top of Mount Olympus, in Bithynia. Lin. fil. suppl. 

 p. 121. D. C. fl. fr. no. 3373. exclusive of the syn. of Vill. 

 Sibth. et Smith, fl. graec. t. 131. G. muscoldes, Lam. diet. 2. p. 

 580. Flowers pure white. Leaves keeled, with revolute edges. 



Pyrencean Bed-straw. PI. ^ foot, tufted. 



25 G. VILLA' RSII (Req. in Guer. in vaucl. ed. 2. p. 250.) 

 stems flaccid, filiform, glabrous, much branched ; leaves 4-fi in 

 a whorl, oblong-linear, soft, mucronate, with smoothish margins ; 

 peduncles by threes, trifid, subumbellate ; lobes of corolla awn- 

 less ; fruit smooth, glabrous. I/ . H. Native of the Alps of 

 Europe and the Pyrenees, on rocks, or in stony pastures. D. C. 

 fl. fr. suppl. p. 497. Gaud, in Roam, et Schultes, syst. 3. p. 

 220. Benth. cat. p. 80. G. megalosperma, All. ped. no. 55. 

 t. 79. f. 4. ? Vill. dauph. 2. p. 517. t. 7. but not of Lam. G. 

 sylvestre virens, Gaud. fl. helv. 1. p. 432. G. megalospermum, 

 suaveolens, and cometerhizon, Lapeyr. abrig. and suppl. ex 

 Benth. Herb blackish in the dried state. Fruit larger than in 

 the allies. Flowers small, white. 



Villars's Bed-straw. Fl. June, July. Clt. 1823. PI. dec. 



26 G. ULIGINOSUM (Lin. spec. 153.) stems weak, erectish, 

 scabrous along the angles ; leaves 6 in a whorl, obovate-lanceo- 

 late, serrulated on the margins and nerve, with retrograde 

 prickles, mucronate, stiff; peduncles almost terminal, trichoto- 

 mous ; lobes of corolla acute; fruit glabrous, dotted. 1. H. 

 Native of Europe and Siberia, in bogs, wet meadows, and ditches, 

 among reeds ; plentiful in Britain. D. C. fl. fr. no. 3371. Req. 

 diss. Smith, engl. bot. 1. 1972. Schrad. spic. 17. t. 1. f. 1. Hook, 

 fl. lond. fasc. 1. t. 21. G. spinu!6sum, Merat, ex Lejeun. fl. spa. 

 p. 33. ? G. suplnum, ft, Lam. diet. 2. p. 579. G. spurium, ft, Sut. 

 fl. helv. no. 175. Corollas white; anthers purplish. Root and 

 lateral shoots creeping. 



Var. a, Withermgii (D. C. prod. 4. p. 597,) leaves lanceolate : 

 lower ones 5-6 in a whorl : upper 4 in a whorl, beset with hooked 

 prickles on the margins : the serratures often tumid towards 

 the apex. I/. H. Native of Scotland, in bogs. G. montanum, 

 With. arr. p. 187. t. 28. G. Witheringii, Smith, fl. brit. p. 174. 

 engl. bot. t. 2206. The prickles on the edges of the leaves are 

 sometimes retrograde, sometimes straight, and sometimes forward. 



Bog Bed-straw. Fl. July, Aug. Britain. PI. 1 foot. 

 4 O 



