RUBIACE.E. CCXVI. GALIUM. 



651 



usually 2-3-flowered ; lobes of corolla acute ; fruit glabrous, fy , 



F. Native of Spain, in great plenty on the mountains of Val- 

 digna and Enguera, &c. G. Capense, /3, Pers. ench. Flowers 

 white, racemose. 



Frutescent Bed-straw. Shrub 1 foot. 



40 G. DE'BILE (Hoffmans. et Link. fl. port. 2. p. 48.) stems 

 weak, tetragonal, branched, rather scabrous ; leaves 6 in a whorl, 

 linear, ending in a short mucrone, with roughish margins : the 

 prickles bending forward, not backwards, as in most of the spe- 

 cies ; panicles erect. If., H. Native of Portugal, in humid 

 meadows. Corollas white. Nearly allied to G. palustre and 



G. helddes, and probably only a mere variety of one of them. 

 Weak Bed-straw. Fl. June, July. Clt. 1824. PI. dec. 



41 G. ARISTA'TUM (Lin. spec. 152. Smith, engl. fl. 1. p. 204.) 

 stem erect, much branched, spreading, smooth ; leaves 6 in a 

 whorl, petiolate, lanceolate, flat, bristly pointed, with minute 

 marginal prickles, which point forward ; lobes of corolla acumi- 

 nated ; seeds smooth, kidney-shaped, separated. If. . H. Na- 

 tive of many parts of Europe ; in Scotland, on hilly ground, in 

 Angusshire, but not common. Barrel, icon. 1. t. 356. Bocc. 

 mus. 1. t. 75. Flowers white, in terminal forked compound pani- 

 cles. The upper leaves are sometimes 4-5 in a whorl. 



Awned Bed-straw. Fl. July, Au<jf. Scotland. PL 1 foot. 



42 G. JU'NCEUM (Sibth. et Smith, fl. graec. t. 127.) stems erect, 

 smooth ; leaves 4 in a whorl, obovate-linear, obtuse, glabrous ; 

 flowers crowded, panicled ; fruit glabrous. If. . H. Native of 

 Candia, in hedges, and on the margins of fields. Flowers 

 cream-coloured. Root creeping. 



Rushy Bed-straw. PL 1 to 2 feet. 



2. Platygalia (from irXamc, platys, broad, and galium ; in 

 reference to the leaves of the species being broad). D, C. prod. 

 4. p. 598. Perennial, herbaceous plants. Leaves broad, 4 in a 

 whorl. Flowers disposed in cymose panicles, hermaphrodite, 

 white, very rarely purple or cream-coloured. Fruit glabrous, 



43 TATA'RICUM (Trev. mag. am. nat. cur. berl. 1815. p. 146.) 

 stems quadrangular, scabrous from retrograde prickles along the 

 angles; leaves 4 in a whorl, lanceolate, equal, acuminated, 1- 

 nerved, scabrous along the margins above, and on the nerves be- 

 neath ; peduncles axillary, shorter than the leaves, trichotomous, 

 few-flowered ; fruit glabrous. If. . H. Native of Tartary, on 

 the Ural mountains, ex Fisch ; and frequent about Astrachan, 

 ex Trev. Stem purplish at the base. Corollas white, with 

 obtuse lobes. 



Tartarian Bed-straw. PL 1 foot. 



44 G. LATIFOLIUM (Michx. fl. bor. amer. 1. p. 70. but not of 

 D. Don.) stems erect, smooth ; leaves 4 in a whorl, oval-lan- 

 ceolate, acuminated, 3-nerved, membranous, having the margins 

 and nerves hispid from very minute bristles ; peduncles axillary, 

 opposite, or terminal, divaricate, trichotomous, loosely many- 

 flowered ; fruit glabrous. If. . H. Native of Carolina, on the 

 mountains. Ell. sketch. 1. p. 194. Flowers dark purple. One 

 of the mericarps of the fruit is abortive, and therefore the fruit 

 is 1 -seeded. Leaves 1-2 inches long. 



Broad-leaved Bed-straw. PL 1 foot. ? 



45 G. RUBIOIDES (Lin. spec. p. 152.) stems erect, straight, te- 

 tragonal, simple, smoothish ; leaves 4 in a whorl, lanceolate, 4 or 

 5 times longer than broad, 3-nerved, often scabrous on the nerves 

 beneath and margins ; peduncles axillary, trichotomous, much 

 longer than the leaves, disposed in a terminal panicle ; bracteas 

 ovate-oblong; fruit glabrous. ^. H. Native of Europe, in 

 meadows and woods, especially in the temperate parts ; and of 

 Siberia and Caucasus, even to Kamtschatka. G. rubioides, var. a, 

 Lam. diet. 2. p. 576. Rcem. et Schultes, syst. 3. p. 214. Buxb. 

 cent. 2. t. 29. G. diffusum, Schrad. Link, enum. 1. p. 134. ex 

 Cham, et Schlecht. in Linnaea. 4. p. 220. G. hyssopifolium, 



Hoffm. germ. 1. p. 71. Root creeping, red. Flowers pale yel- 

 low, or cream-coloured. Very like G. boreale, but larger, with 

 broader leaves. There is a variety of this species with hispid 

 fruit, according to Steven, obs. p. 70. 



Var. fl, angustijblium ; leaves narrower and longer ; flowers 

 fewer. 1.H. Native of Kotzebue's Sound ; abundant in dry 

 elevated soils, under the shade of solitary pines, in the valley of 

 Columbia, North-west America. The leaves are almost as nar- 

 row as those of G. boreale, but the inflorescence and fruit are 

 very different. G. rubioides, Hook, et Am. in Beech, voy. pt. 

 bot. p. 115. and 125. This variety has been received by Dr. 

 Hooker from the United States, under the name of G. Ber- 

 mudidnum. 



Madder-like Bed-straw. Fl. July. Clt. 1775. PI. 1 foot. 



46 G. ARTICULA'TUM (Lam. diet. 1. p. 260.) stems ascending, 

 nodose at the joints, tetragonal, smoothish ; leaves ovate-lanceo- 

 late, 3 times longer than broad, 3-nerved, with scabrous edges ; 

 peduncles trichotomous, disposed in a crowded corymbose pani- 

 cle : bracteas ovate ; fruit glabrous. 1. H. Native of Tauria, 

 Caucasus, and the Levant, in meadows, and along the margins of 

 paths in woods. Req. diss. mss. ex herb. D. C. Valantia arti- 

 culata, Lam. ill. t. 843. f. 3. G. rubioides, Bieb. fl. taur. 1. 

 p. 102. ex spec. Stev. G. articulatum and G. geniculatum, 

 Rcem. et Schultes, syst. 3. p. 215. and 250. G. rubioides, /3, 

 Lam. diet. 2. p. 576. Flowers cream-coloured, sometimes small. 



Jointed Bed-straw. FL July, Aug. Clt. 1752. PL 1 foot. 



47 VALANTIOIDES (Bieb. fl. taur. 1. p. 102.) stems erectish, 

 branched at the base, glabrous, smooth along the angles ; leaves 

 4 in a whorl, rhomboid-lanceolate, twice longer than broad, ob- 

 tuse, 3-nerved, rather scabrous on both surfaces ; panicle tricho- 

 tomous, much branched; fruit glabrous, smooth. 1. H. Na- 

 tive of Caucasus, among subalpine rocks. Req. diss. mss. ex 

 herb. D. C. Rcem. et Schultes, syst. 3. p. 215. Very nearly 

 allied to G. rubioides and G. articulatum. Flowers cream- 

 coloured. ? There is a variety of this with hispid fruit, according 

 to Stev. obs. p. 70. 



Valantia-like Bed-straw. Fl. June, July. Clt. 1819. PL 1 ft. 



$ 3. Trichogalia (from Spiij rpi^os, thrix trichos, a hair, and 

 galium ; in reference to the fruit being hispid). D. C. prod. 4. 

 p. 599. Perennial herbaceous plants. Leaves 4-10 in a whorl. 

 Flowers hermaphrodite, usually white, disposed in cymose panicles. 

 Fruit hispid. 



48 G. CA'SPICUM (Stev. obs. pi. ross. p. 70.) whole plant vil- 

 lous ; stems obsoletely tetragonal ; lower leaves 8 in a whorl, 

 lanceolate-oblong, mucronate, upper ones opposite ; floriferous 

 branches panicled, and are, as well as the fruit, villous. 1. H. 

 Native of the north of Persia, in the province of Ghilan. Flowers 

 white. Stature and leaves of G. sylvaticum, but the panicle is 

 dense, like that of G. mollugo. 



Caspian Bed-straw. PL 1 to 2 feet. 



49 G. ROTUNDIFOLIUM (Lin. spec. p. 156. exclusive of var. /3.) 

 stems diffuse, glabrous ; leaves 4 in a whorl, roundish-ovate, 

 3-nerved, ciliated ; peduncles axillary and terminal, loose, elong- 

 ated, naked, trichotomous at the apex ; fruit nearly globose, 

 beset with bristles, which are hooked at the apex. I/ . H. Na- 

 tive nearly throughout the whole of Europe, in mountain woods ; 

 and on the Taluseh mountains in Caucasus. Lam. diet. 2. p. 

 577. D. C. fl. fr. no. 3386. G. decipiens, Ehrh. herb. p. 63. 

 Asperula Isevigata, /3, Lam. diet. 1. p. 298. Bocc. sic. t. 6. f. 1. 

 Moris, hist. 9. t. 21. f. 5. Barrel, icon. t. 323. Flowers 

 white. Stems procumbent. 



Round-leaved Bed-straw. Fl. Ju. Aug. Clt. 1821. PL proc. 



50 G. ELLIPTICUM (Willd. enum. suppl. 1813. Horn. cat. 

 hort. hafn. suppl. 1819. p. 17.) stems erectish, hairy; leaves 4 

 in a whorl ; panicles axillary and terminal, trichotomous, capil- 



4 o 2 



