RUBIACE^E. CCXVI. GALIUM. 



659 



neath, with scabrous margins ; peduncles axillary, a little longer 

 than the leaves, bracteate, 1-2-flowered ; corollas very minute, 

 obtuse ; fruit didymous, very hispid from hooked bristles. 2 . 

 G. Native of China, in humid places, near Ssi-jui-ssy. 

 Few-flowered Goose-grass. PI. decumbent. 



125 G. AUSTRA'LE (D. C. prod. 4. p. 608.) stems weak, pro- 

 cumbent, branched, tetragonal, pilose, on one side ; leaves 4 in 

 a whorl, oblong, mucronately acute, rather pilose, with sub- 

 revolute edges ; peduncles axillary, 3-flowered, hardly longer 

 than the leaves; fruit very hispid from bristles. Native of New 

 Holland, at Bass Straits, where it was collected by D'Urville. 

 Said to be nearly allied to G. recurvum, but differs in the pedi- 

 cels not being recurved, and in the fruit being twice the 

 size. 



Southern Goose-grass. PI. procumbent. 



126 G. GRA'CILE (Bunge, in mem. acad. sc. Petersb. 2. p. 

 109.) stem simple, erect, quite glabrous, shining, tetragonal ; 

 leaves 4 in a whorl : lower ones obovate, middle ones elliptic, supe- 

 rior ones oblong, 1 -nerved, scabrous from dots, hispid on the 

 margins ; panicles axillary, dichotomous, very slender, exceed- 

 ing the leaves ; corollas very minute, obtuse ; fruit hispid from 

 hooked bristles. If.. G. Native of China, on mountains, near 

 Lun-ziian-ssy. 



Slender Goose-grass. PI. g foot. 



127 G. TE'NERUM (Schleich. ex Gaud. fl. helv. 4. p. 442.) 

 stems filiform, glabrous ; leaves 6 in a whorl, obovate, seta- 

 ceously apiculated, scabrous from retrograde prickles on the 

 margins; peduncles by threes, trifid, spreading; fruit hispid. 

 Q. H. Native of the Alps of Switzerland. Corollas small, 

 white. 



Tender Goose-grass. PI. procumbent. 



128 G. LITIGIOSUM (D. C. fl. fr. no. 3382. icon. rar. t. 26.) 

 stems decumbent, branched, rather scabrous ; leaves 4-6 in a 

 whorl, linear-lanceolate, acute, shorter than the internodes, 

 rather scabrous ; peduncles elongated, divaricate, bifid or trifid ; 

 fruit nearly globose, hispid at top from somewhat hooked hairs. 

 () H. Native of the south of France, Italy, Sicily, in rough 

 stony places, and probably about Paris, but very doubtful. G. 

 Parisiense, Lin. spec. p. 157. exclusive of the synonymes. G. 

 multiflorum, Brot. fl. lus. 1. p. 251. G. axillare, Presl. prod. fl. 

 sic. p. 61. ex Guss. Flowers small, reddish. This species differs 

 from G. Ariglicum and G. grdcile in the fruit being hispid. 



Var. /3, ndnum (D. C. prod. 4. p. 609.) stems short, erect. 

 Q. H. Native of Europe, in very sterile places. D. C. icon, 

 rar. t. 26. right-hand figure. 



Litigious Goose-grass. Fl. June, July. PI. decumbent. 



129 G. MICROSPE'RMUM (Desf. fl. atl. 1. p. 130.) stems erect, 

 tetragonal, glabrous, rough ; branches divaricate ; leaves 6 in a 

 whorl, linear-acute, denticulated ; fruit hispid. O- H. Native 

 of Barbary, near Mascar ; and of Sardinia. Asperula scabra, 

 Moris, clench, sard. 2. p. 4. and 3. p. 8. Flowers small, white. 

 Very nearly allied to G. divaricatum, Lam., and is perhaps only 

 a variety of it, with hispid fruit. According to Steven, obs. 

 ined. in herb. Willd. it is only a variety of G. liligibsum. 



Small-seeded Goose-grass. Fl. June, July. Clt. 1819. PI. 

 | foot. 



130 G. SETACEUM (Lam. diet. 2. (1786.) p. 584.) stems fili- 

 form, erect, scabrous at bottom ; leaves usually 6-8 in a whorl, 

 but from 4 to 8, linear-setaceous, with rather scabrous margins : 

 lower ones oblong ; peduncles slender, divaricate, trifid ; fruit 

 hispid from bristles, which are hooked at the apex. Q. H. 

 Native of Spain, Mauritania, Sicily, Provence, in exposed stony 

 or rocky places. Desf. fl. atl. 1. p. 129. D. C. fl. fr. 5. p. 498. 

 G. microcarpirm, Vahl, symb. 2. (1791.) p. 30. G. capillare, 

 Cav. icon. 2. (1792.) p. 73. t. 191. f. 1. Lag. gen. et spec. no. 

 127. G. floribundum, Sibth. et Smith, fl. graec. t. 134.? G. 



capillare and G. microcarpum, Spreng. syst. Flowers red. The 

 oldest name is here admitted for this plant, as in all other cases. 

 Setaceous-leaved Goose-grass. Fl. June, July. Clt. 1819. 

 PI. i to | foot. 



131 G. SIBTHORPII (Roem. et Schultes, syst. 3. p. 244.) stems 

 smooth ; leaves 8 in a whorl, linear, revolutely setaceous, sca- 

 brous : lower ones obovate ; pedicels capillary ; fruit rather 

 pilose. O- H. Native of the Grecian Islands, on sterile hills. 

 G. capillare, Smith, prod. fl. graec. 1. p. 94. but not of Cav. 

 G. Creticum annuum tenuifolium flore albido, Tourn. cor. p. 4. 

 Flowers pale yellow or cream-coloured. Perhaps only a variety 

 of G. microspermum or G, setaceum. 



Sibthorp's Goose-grass. PI. 



132 G. BREVIFOLIUM (Sibth. et Smith, fl. grsec. t. 135. but 

 not of Stev.) stems villous ; leaves 7 in a whorl, obovate, awned, 

 scabrous ; peduncles tricliotomous, terminal ; lobes of corolla 

 awned; fruit hispid. O- H. Native of Caramania, on the sea- 

 shore. Flowers cream-coloured. The bristles on the stem and 

 leaves are not retrograde, as on most of the species. Perhaps 

 the same as G. album, Willd. ex Roem. et Schultes, syst. 



Short-leaved Goose-grass. PI. 1 foot. 



133 G. A'LBUM (Forsk. descrip. const, p. 20.) stems erect, 

 branched, downy, coloured at the nodi ; leaves 6-8 in a whorl, 

 oblong, mucronate, with scabrous hardly serrulated margins, 

 glabrous above, and villous beneath, especially on the keel ; 

 fruit hispid. H. Native about Smyrna. Flowers white. 



If'hite-fiowered Goose-grass. PI. 1^ foot. 



1S4 G. RECU'RVUM (Req. diss. mss. ex D. C. prod. 4. p. 609.) 

 stems weak, decumbent, branched, smoothish ; leaves 6 in a 

 whorl, but the uppermost ones are only 4, obovate-oblong, nar- 

 rowed at the base, acutish at the apex, glabrous ; peduncles 

 axillary, 3-flowered, equal in length to the leaves, deflexed while 

 in fruit, hairy ; fruit small, globose, hispid. O- H. Native of 

 the Grecian Archipelago, among rocks. G. micranthum, D'Urv. 

 cat. no. 133. but not of Pursh. Sherardia muralis, Sibth. in 

 herb. L'Her. Sherardia muralis, Stev. obs. p. 70 ? 



/Jecu/rerf-peduncled Goose-grass. PI. decumbent. 



13. A'speree (from asper, rough; fruit). D. C. prod. 4. 

 p. 610. A'spera, Mcench. meth. 641. Plants annual. Leaves 

 usually 4, rarely 6 in a whorl. Inflorescence lateral. Fruit oblong, 

 hispid; mericarps or parts of fruit distinct, narrow, elongated. 



135 G. FILIFORME (Roem. et Schultes, syst. 3. p. 252.) stem 

 simple, hispid, slightly tetragonal ; leaves 4 in a whorl, oblong, 

 remotely ciliately denticulated, reticulated, glabrous ; male 

 flowers nearly sessile, hermaphrodite ones on short pedicels ; 

 fruit oblong, paleaceous, longer than the pedicels. O- H. Na- 

 tive of Teneriffe, on the Walls of Lagunea, but not to be found 

 elsewhere. Valantia filiformis, Ait. hort. kew. 3. p. 42. Flowers 

 yellowish. 



Filiform Goose-grass. Fl. June, July. Clt. 1780. PI. -j to 

 foot. 



136 G. MURA'LE (D. C. fl. fr. no. 3383. All. pedem. no. 34. 

 t. 77. f. 1.) stems branched, decumbent, smoothish ; leaves lan- 

 ceolate, 6 and 4 in a whorl ; flowers axillary, twin, on short 

 pedicels ; pedicels deflexed after flowering ; fruit oblong, hispid. 

 O- H. Native of Occittania, Valentia, Sicily, Siberia, Provence, 

 Italy, Cyprus, Candia, Persia, about Constantinople, in rugged 

 exposed places. Buxb. cent. 2. t. 30. f. 2. G. minimum, 

 Rcem. et Schultes, syst. 3. p. 262. Aparine minima, All. nic. 

 p. 4. Sherardia muralis, Lin. spec. 149. Sibth. et Smith, fl. graec. 

 115. G. stenocarpum, Duf. in litt. G. fragile, Pourr. chlor. liisp. 

 512. Moris, oxon. t. 21. f. 6. A'spera nutans, Mcench. meth. 

 p. 641. Corollas yellowish. Mature fruit of 2 mericarps. 



Var. /3, leiospernum (Req. in litt. 1828. ex D. C. prod. 4. p. 

 610.) stem, leaves, and fruit glabrous. 0. H. Native of 

 4 p 2 



