688 



DIPSACE.C. IV. KNAUTIA. V. PTEROCEPHALUS. 



Salccdi's Knautia. Fl. June, July. Clt. 1823. PI. 1 to 2 ft. 



1 2 K. OVATIFOLIA ; superior leaves broad, ovate, acuminated, 

 serrated, sessile. 7/ . H. Native of Spain? K. ovatifolia, 

 Lagasca, gen. et spec. nov. diagn. p. 9. no. 116. Very like K. 

 Legionensis, but more slender in every part. Said to be nearly 

 allied to A', sylcdtica. 



Ovate-leaved Knautia. PI. 1 to 2 feet. 



Cult. The species of this genus are of the most easy culture 

 and propagation. They will grow in any soil and situation. 



V. PTEROCE'PHALUS (from irrcpov, pteron, a wing, and 

 4>aX;, kephale, a head ; in reference to the receptacle of the 

 flowers being villous or chaffy). Vaill. act. acad. Par. 1722. p. 

 184. t. 13. f. 23. f. 24. Coult. dips. p. 31. Walk, sched. p. 47. 

 Spreng. syst. no. 378. D. C. prod. 4. p. 652. Scabiosa and 

 Knautia species, Lin. Pterocephalus and Knautia, Lag. gen. et 

 spec. 9. 



LIN. SYST. Tetrandria, Monogynia. Involucrum double, each 

 series of 4-6 leaves. Heads many-flowered (f. 118. a.). Re- 

 ceptacles villous (f. 117. b.) or chaffy. Involucels toothed or 

 awned (f. 117. a.}. Limb of calyx ending a in many-rayed 

 pappus (f. 117. c. f. 118. </.), which at length become feathery 

 (f. 117. i. f. 118. ?'.). Corollas 5-cleft (f. 117. /. f. 118. e.~). 

 Stamens 4 (f. 118./.), rarely 2-3. Herbs or subshrubs. 



1. Annual plants. Leaves pinnatifid, particularly the su- 

 perior ones. 



1 P. PAPPOSUS (Coult. dips. p. 32. t. 1. f. 17.) stem herba- 

 ceous, erect ; leaves bipinnatifid, with lanceolate lobes ; recep- 

 tacle paleaceous ; involucels drawn out into 1-3 long awns ; 

 bristles of calyx 20-24, plumose, about equal in length to the 

 awns of the involucel. . H. Native of Portugal, Spain, Greece, 

 and Candia. Pter. annuus, Vaill. act. par. 1722. p. 183. Pter. 

 Vaillanti, Lag. gen. et spec. p. 9. Scabiosa papposa, Lin. spec, 

 p. 146. Scabiosa involucrata, Sibth. et Smith, fl. grsec. t. 112. 

 Scabiosa divaricata, Spreng. neue entd. 3. p. 163. Corollas 

 red. Leaves of involucrum pinnatifid. Plant villous. 



Var. ft, didndrus (D. C. prod. 4. p. 652.) smaller ; flowers 

 di-triandrous. Q. H. Native of Spain, at Aranjuez, and of 

 Portugal. Scabiosa diandra, Lag. var. 2. p. 39. Pterocephalus 

 diandrus, Lag. nov. gen. p. 9. Cephalaria diandra, Rcem. et 

 Schulles, syst. 3. p. 52. Flowers blue. 



Pappose-seeded. Pterocephalus. Fl. July. Clt. 1597. PI. 

 1 to 2 feet. 



2 P. BRE'VIS (Coult. dips. p. 32. t. 1. f. 16.) plant clothed 

 with soft villi ; stems herbaceous, erect ; leaves pinnatifid ; 

 corollas hardly exceeding the involucrum ; crown of involucels 

 membranous, hardly denticulated, very short, spreading ; bristles 

 of calyx 14-16, feathery, a little longer than the involucel. 

 0. H. Native country unknown. Very nearly allied to the 

 following. 



iSAoj-i-involucelled Pterocephalue. PI. 1 foot. 



3 P. PLUMOSUS (Coult. dips. p. 31. t. 1. f. 15.) plant downy ; 

 sum herbaceous, erect ; lower leaves broad-lanceolate, serrated : 

 middle ones lyrate : upper ones pinnatifid ; corollas longer than 

 the involucrum; crown of involucel obsolete ; bristles of calyx 

 11-13, plumose, hardly twice the length of the involucel. Q. 

 H. Native of the Levant, Iberia, Candia, Samos, and Caucasus, 

 in arid places of mountains, &c. Knautia plumosa, Lin. mant. 

 \>. 197. Scabiosa plumosa, Sibth. et Smith, fl. grsec. t. 111. 

 Scabiosa papposa, Gsertn. fruct. t. 86. Willich. in Rchb. op. 1. 

 p. 160. Scabiosa Willichii, Link, in Roem. coll. 2. Cephalaria 

 Willichii and Scabiosa plumosa, Roem. et Schultes, syst. 3. p. 

 53. and p. 70. Pter. marcescens, Moench. meth. p. 491. exclu- 

 sive of the synonymes. Flowers rose-coloured or purplish. 



Fl. June, July. Clt. 1819. 



FIG. 117. 



Feathered-csAyxed Pterocephalus. 

 PI. 1 to 2 feet. " 



4 P. PAL^STINUS (Coult. dips, 

 p. 31. t. 1. f. 14.) plant clothed 

 with silky villi ; lower leaves 

 obovate-oblong, quite entire, the 

 rest lyrately pinnatifid : lower 

 lobes small, decurrent : terminal 

 lobe large, obovate-oblong ; in- 

 volucel having 8 foveola at the 

 base ; crown of involucel mem- 

 branous ; bristles of calyx 8-10, 

 subulate, spreading, irregularly 

 pilose at the sides. . H. Na- 

 tive of the islands of Cyprus and 

 Scio ; and of Palestine. Knautia 

 Palaestlna, Lin. mant. 117. 

 Jacq. hort. vind. 1. t. 96. Sca- 

 biosa brachiata and Scabiosa Sib- 

 thorpiana, Sibth. et Smith, fl. 



graec. 1. 109. Flowers white or pale purple. The rays of the 

 corollas in S. Sibthorpiana are entire, while in those of P. Pa- 

 Icestinus, they are jagged ; they are, therefore, probably distinct 

 species. 



Var. /3, Calabricus (D. C. prod. 4. p. 653.) leaves all entire 

 or lyrate. O- H. Native of Calabria, on arid hills. Scabiosa 

 brachiata, Guss. pi. rar. p. 66. Flowers purplish. 



Var. ft, Dalmdticus (D. C. 1. c.) plant hairy ; lower leaves 

 lyrate ; upper ones pinnate, with oblong-linear acute lobes. 

 . H. Native of Dalmatia. Scabiosa multiseta, Vis. pi. dalm. 

 p. 1. t. 1. Perhaps Scabiosa silenifolia, Waldst. et Kit. pi. hung. 

 2. p. 157. and therefore Asterocephalus silenifolius, Spreng. 



Palestine Pterocephalus. Fl. July, Aug. Clt. 1771. PI. 1 

 to 2 feet. 



2. Perennial or frutescent species. Leaves jagged or toothed. 



5 P. LUSITA'NICUS (D. C. prod. 4. p. 653.) stems ascending, 

 sparingly pilose ; lower leaves bipinnatifid ; superior ones pin- 

 natifid ; segments of all linear ; paleae of the receptacle and 

 leaves of involucrum scarious and hairy ; involucels many- 

 toothed; awns of calyx 6-9, feathery. . I/ . H. Native 

 of Portugal, between Abrantes and Casabranca. Scabiosa plu- 

 mosa, Hoffm. et Link, fl. port. 2. p. 91. Cephalaria plumosa, 

 Rcem. et Schnltes, syst. 3. p. 70. Scabiosa Gramuntia, Brot. 

 fl. lus. 1. p. 145. Flowers pale red. Perhaps Asterocephalus 

 intermedius, Lag. gen. et spec. p. 8. which is the Scabiosa in- 

 termedia, Rcem. et Schultes, 3. p. 76. is referrible to this 

 species, as also Scabiosa maritima and Sc. tenuifolia, Lag. 

 elench. hort. madr. 1803. and 1805. 



Portugal Pterocephalus. Fl. June, July. Clt. 1824. PI. 1 

 to 2 feet. 



6 P. BROUSSONE'TII (Coult. in litt. 1824. ex D. C. prod. 4. p. 

 653.) leaves bipinnate ; corollas equal ; awns of calyx 6-7, 

 linear, feathery, hardly twice the length of the involucel. I/ . H. 

 Native of Gibraltar, about San Roque, where it was collected by 

 Broussonet. 



Broussonefs Pterocephalus. PI. 1 foot. 



7 P. TOMENTO'SUS (Coult. in litt. 1824. ex D. C. prod. 4. p. 

 653.) stems procumbent, shrubby ; leaves dentately pinnatifid, 

 hoary from tomentum ; leaves of involucrum bluntish ; bristles 

 of calyx 6, short, scabrous, y.. H. Native of Candia, on the 

 Spaciotic mountains. Scabiosa tomentosa, Sibth. et Smith, prod, 

 fl. graec. 1. p. 85. but not of Cav. Scabiosa Spaciotica, Roem. 

 et Schultes, syst. 3. p. 86. Asterocephalus Spacioticus, Spreng. 

 syst. 1. p. 382. Herb tufted. Flowers blue. 



Tomentose Pterocephalus. PI. i foot. 



