STYLIDEjE. I. STYLIDIUM. 



719 



LIN. SYST. Pentdndria, Monogynia. Calyx regular, with a 

 campanulate tube, and ovate-lanceolate segments. Corolla tubu- 

 larly campanulate, entire, with 5 equal, ovate, acute segments. 

 Filaments and anthers combined ; the latter beardless. Ova- 

 rium 2-celled. 1 A branched shrub, clothed in every part with 

 white tomentum. Leaves ovate, quite entire, glabrous above, 

 and densely clothed with tomentum beneath. Peduncles long, 

 axillary, solitary, 1-flowered. Calyx tomentose. Corolla red 

 inside, and clothed with obscure white powdery tomentum out- 

 side. 



1 C. CAMPANULA'TUS ; Jj . F. Native of Peru, on the road 

 from Guaranda to Chimborazo. Lobelia campanulata, Cav. icon. 

 6. p. 11. t. 517. 



Campanulale-fiov/ered Canonanthus. Shrub 8 feet. 



Cult. See Tupa, p. 700. for culture and propagation. 



ORDER CXXXV. STYLI'DE^E (plants agreeing with Sty- 

 lidium in important characters). R. Br. prod. fl. nov. holl. 

 p. 565. 



Calyx superior, 2-6-parted, bilabiate or regular (f. 123. a.\ 

 permanent. Corolla monopetalous, with a 5-6-cleft, irregular 

 (f. 123. &.), rarely equal limb, which is imbricate in aestivation, 

 and at length falling off. Stamens 2 (f. 123. rf.) ; filaments 

 combined with the style into a column. Anthers didy- 

 mous (f. 123. rf.), and sometimes simple, lying upon the stigma. 

 Pollen globose, simple, sometimes angular. Ovarium 2-celled, 

 but sometimes almost 1 -celled from the middle dissepiment 

 being short, many-seeded ; furnished with a gland in front, or 

 crowned by 2 opposite glands. Style one ; stigma undivided or 

 bifid. Capsule 2-valved, 2-celled, with a parallel dissepi- 

 ment ; or almost 1-celled from the dissepiment being short, 

 or at length released from the inflexed margins of the valves. 

 Seeds fixed to the axis of the dissepiment, erect, small, some- 

 times pedicellate. Albumen conforming to the seed, fleshy, and 

 rather oily. Embryo inclosed, minute. Caulescent scarpigerous 

 nonlactescent herbs or shrubs, beset with simple hairs, which 

 are either tipped with capitate glands or acute. Leaves usually 

 scattered, but sometimes verticillate, entire, with naked or 

 ciliated edges ; radical leaves crowded in the scapigerous 

 species. Flowers spicate, racemose, corymbose, and solitary i 

 terminal, rarely axillary ; pedicels usually furnished with three 

 bracteas. 



This order is nearly allied to both Campanulacece and Goo- 

 denbvieee, from both of which it is distinguished by the gynan- 

 drous stamens, and from the latter by the want of an indusium 

 to the stigma. The structure of the sexual organs is highly 

 curious ; the stamens and style are closely combined into a solid 

 irritable column, at the top of which is a cavity, including the 

 stigma, and bounded by the anthers. 



Synopsis of the genera. 



1 STYLI'DIUM. Calyx 2-parted, bilabiate (f. 123. a.)- Column 

 with a double flexure. Anthers 2-lobed (f. 123. d.) ; lobes 

 divaricate. Stigma undivided. Capsule 2-celled. 



2 LEVENHOOKIA. Calyx 5-parted, bilabiate. Column erect, 

 adnate to the lower side of the tube. Lobes of anthers one above 

 the other, divaricate. Stigmas 2. Capsule 1-celled. 



3 FORSTE'RA. Calyx double, both composed of 2-3 sepals. 



1 



Corolla tubularly campanulate, 5-6-parted. Column straight, 

 bearing 2 anthers. Stigmas 2. Capsule 1-celled. 



1 STYLI'DIUM (from orvXoe, stylos, a column ; in refer- 

 ence to the stamens and style being combined into a column). 

 Swartz, in nov. act. nat. scrut. berol. ex Willd. spec. 4. p. 146. 



Labill. nov. holl. 2. p. 63. t. 213. p. 566. R. Br. prod. p. 566 



Ventenatia, Smith, exot. hot. 2. p. 13. t. 66. Candoilea, Labill. 

 in ami. mus. 6. p. 414. t. 64. f. 2. 



LIN. SYST. Gyndndria, Diandria. Calyx bilabiate (f. 123. a.). 

 Corolla irregular, 5-cleft (f. 123. 6.); the fifth segment or label- 

 lum dissimilar to the others, deflexed, smaller, rarely stretched 

 out ; the rest spreading, rarely joined by pairs. Column recli- 

 nate (f. 123. rf.), with a double flexure. Anthers 2-lobed (f. 123. 

 d.) ; lobes divaricate. Stigma obtuse, undivided. Capsule 2- 

 celled, having the dissepiment sometimes incomplete above. 

 Scapigerous or caulescent herbs or subshrubs. Radical leaves 

 crowded, sometimes attenuated into the petioles ; cauline ones 

 scattered, and sometimes verticillate, often small and bractea- 

 formed, rarely cirrhose at the apex or loosened at the base. 

 Inflorescence variable. Outer lip of calyx bidentate or bipartite, 

 inner one tridentate or tripartite. Corollas purple, white, viola- 

 ceous, rarely yellow, usually beset with pili on the outside, which 

 are tipped with capitate glands : tube twisted at the base, some- 

 times very short ; throat usually crowned by teeth or glands, 

 but sometimes naked : the 4 larger segments of the limb ap- 

 proximating by pairs, one of the pair often smaller than the 

 other. Labellum or lip narrower than the other segments, op- 

 posite the front of the calyx, but from the contortion of the tube 

 has at length become lateral, with its disk often thickened, and 

 rather convex inside, usually appendiculated by a small segment 

 on each side, but sometimes simple. Column linear, longer than 

 the limb of the corolla, on the same side as the labellum, ex- 

 serted, reclinate, having the outer bend so irritable that if touch- 

 ed with a pin it instantly starts from its place to the opposite 

 side of the flower with great impetuosity. Anthers dehiscing 

 lengthwise. Stigma at first obsolete, and hidden by the incum- 

 bent anthers, but exserted at length, and sometimes hispid or 

 papulose. 



SECT. I. VENTENA'TIA. Capsule ventricose, subovate, some- 

 times spherical or oblong. 



1. Scales scarious. Leaves radical, attenuated at the base, 

 Outer lip of calyx 2-parted, inner one tripartite. Scapigerous 

 herbs, with racemose florvers. 



\ S. PILOSUM (Labill. nov. holl. 2. p. 63. t. 213.) scape a little 

 branched, clothed with glandular pubescence ; leaves flat, lan- 

 ceolate-ensiform. %. G. Native of New Holland, on the 

 south coast. Flowers pale red. 



Pilose Stylidium. PI. 1| foot. 



2 S. REDUPLICA'TUM (R. Br. prod. p. 568.) scape beset with 

 acute hairs ; racemes a little branched ; leaves narrow, ensiform, 

 reduplicate, with broader scales outside. Tf.. G. Native of 

 New Holland, on the southern coast. Flowers red or pink ? 



Reduplicate-leaved Stylidium. PI. \ to 1 foot. 



3 S. HIRSU'TUM (R. Br. prod. p. 568.) scape beset with acute 

 hairs ; raceme nearly simple ; leaves linear, with rather revolute 

 edges ; scales distinct. 11 . G. Native of New Holland, on 

 the south coast. Hook. hot. mag. t. 3194. Corolla of a pur- 

 plish rose-colour. 



Hairy Stylidium. Fl. May. Clt. 1830. PI. i to | foot. 

 2. Leaves radical, crowded, without scales. Outer lip of 

 calyx bidentate, inner one tridentate. Scapes leafless. 



4 S. UMBELLA'TUM (Labill. nov. holl. 2. p. 66. t. 217.) 



