CAMPANULACE.E. XV. CAMPANULA. 



757 



more rare in the south : in moist woods and thickets, by the 

 sides of rivulets. Oed. fl. dan. t. 85. and t. 782. Smith, engl. 

 bot. 302. C. urticsefolia, All. pedem. 1 p. 110. C. Brunonis, 

 Wall, cat Weinm. phyt. t. 287. Park. par. 355. f. 2. Lob. 

 icon. 2. t. 278. Stem glabrous, rarely a little hairy. Leaves 

 glabrous, rarely rather scabrous. Flowers solitary, rising from 

 the axils of the superior leaves. Corollas large, blue, but some- 

 times white, or bluish-white, glabrous outside, but sometimes 

 bearded inside. Lobes of calyx often denticulated. 



Far. (3, macrdntha (Alph. D. C. mon. p. 265.) stem and 

 leaves rather pilose : teeth of leaves more distinct ; calyx gla- 

 brous ; corollas larger. If. , H. C. macrantha, Fisch. ined. 

 V. latifolia, var. macrantha, Sims, bot. mag. 2553. 



Far. ft, eriocdrpa (Alph. D. C. mon. p. 265.) stem and leaves 

 pilose and pale ; leaves less acuminated ; tube of calyx very 

 hispid. 1. H. Native of Caucasus. C. eriocarpa, Bieb. fl. 

 taur. 1. p. 149. C. latifolia, var. macrantha and eriocarpa, 

 Fisch, in litt. 



Broad-leaved Bell-flower. Fl. July. Britain. PI. 2 to 3 ft. 



56 C. TRACHE'LIUM (Lin. spec. 235.) stems angular, pilose; 

 leaves scabrous, acuminated, coarsely and crenately toothed : 

 radical ones petiolate, cordate ; flowers disposed in loose ra- 

 cemes ; peduncles 1-3-flowered ; calyx rather pilose, with trian- 

 gularly acuminated erect lobes, 3 times shorter than the corolla, 

 which is campanulate. Tf.. H. Native of Europe, from Spain. 

 Portugal, Piedmont, Naples, and Greece, even to Scotland, 

 Sweden, Russia, and the Carpathian Mountains ; of Caucasus, 

 Tauria, Siberia, and even to Japan, in shady places. In Britain, 

 in groves, thickets, and hedges frequent. Smith, engl. bot. t. 12. 

 Oed. fl. dan. t. 1026. Hook. fl. lond. t. 109. C. gantelee, 

 Jaum. St. Hil. fl. ft. t. 47. C. urticaefolia or urticifblia, 

 Schmidt, fl. bohem. no. 173. p. 73. Bieb. fl. cauc. 1. no. 374. 

 Tenor, fl. neap. 1. p. 68. J. Bauh. hist. 2. p. 805. with a figure. 

 C. Cervicaria, Fuchs, hist. p. 431. with a figure. Moris, oxon. 

 2. p. 459. sect. 5. t. 3. f. 28. Stem simple or branched, red- 

 dish. Leaves often doubly toothed, roughish. Flowers droop- 

 ing a little, 1-4 together, terminating the branchlets. Corolla bluish 

 violet and white, and all the shades between these two colours, 

 bearded inside. The name Trachelium is from rpa^ijXoc, the 

 neck ; alluding to the reputed virtues of this plant in disorders 

 of the throat, to which the other appellations of old authors 

 allude. A decoction of the herb, which is bitter and somewhat 

 acrid, was used as a gargle. 



Var. ft; flower solitary, terminal. Bieb. fl. taur. 1. p. 149. 



Far. y, flore plena ; flowers double, blue and white, and all 

 the shades between these two colours. Theatr. flor. t. 69. 



Far. S, monstrbsa (Alph. D. C. mon. p. 267.) flowers abortive, 

 degenerating into leaves. Hall. enum. p. 193. 



Great Throat-rvort or Nettle-leaved Bell-flower. Fl. July, Aug. 

 Britain. PI. 2 to 3 feet. 



57 C. RAPUNCULOIDES (Lin. spec. 234.) sterns rather sca- 

 brous ; leaves scabrous, ovate, acuminated : radical ones petio- 

 late, cordate, crenulated : cauline ones serrulated ; flowers dis- 

 posed in long spicate racemes, solitary ; calyx rather scabrous, 

 with linear-lanceolate lobes, which are afterwards reflexed ; 

 corolla funnel-shaped, 4 times longer than the calycine lobes, 

 i;. H. Native of Europe, from the Pyrenees, Dauphiny, Pied- 

 mont, Transylvania, even to Scotland, Sweden, and Lapland ; 

 in the plains about the Carpathian Mountains ; Caucasus, even 

 to the banks of the river Oby in Siberia. Frequent in Middle 

 Europe. In Britain, in woods and fields, but rare, in some woods 

 in Oxfordshire, among yew trees. It grows in Scotland, in 

 corn-fields, 2 miles north-west from Kirkaldy. Smith, engl. 

 bot. t. 1369. fl. dan. 1327. Plenck, icon. t. 152. C. nutans, 

 Lam. fl. fr. 3. p. 336. but not of Waldst. et Kit. C. urtici- 

 fblia, Turr. prod. fl. ital. 64. no. 9. Vittm. summ. pi. 1. p. 454. 



Turr. giorn. de veniz. t. 1. Gmel. syst. 2. p. 350. but not of All. 

 and Willd. C. Trachelium, Bull. herb. t. 319. C. secunda, 

 Schmidt, fl. bohem. 2. p. 74. C. morifolia, Salisb. prod. p. 126. 

 C. rigida, Stokes, mat. med. 3. p. 333. C. glabricarpa, Schleich. 

 pi. exsic. Root creeping. Stems glabrous or scabrous, usually 

 branched in gardens, but simple in the wild state. Flowers 

 drooping, solitary, disposed in spike-formed racemes, secund, 

 but usually hanging on all sides in strong garden specimens. 

 Corollas bluish-violet, and bearded a little inside. 



Far. ft, cdlyce glaberrimo (Alph. D. C. mon. p. 268.) calyx 

 quite glabrous ; plant more or less glabrous and reddish. 1^ . 

 H. Native of the Ukraine. C. Ucranica, Bess. C. neglecta, 

 Bess. cat. hort. crem. 1808. p. 28. C. crenata, Link, enum. 1. 

 p. 214. C. infundibuliformis, Sims, bot. mag. t. 2632. Flowers 

 bluish-violet. 



Far. y, macrophylla (Alph. D. C. mon. p. 268.) stem 

 branched ; racemes many-flowered ; leaves large. I/ . H. A 

 garden plant. Corollas bluish-violet. 



Far. S, (Enipontana (Alph. D. C. mon. p. 268.) flowers few, 

 disposed in loose racemes ; peduncles long, erect, usually 1- 

 flowered; calycine lobes broader. %. H. C. (Enipontana, 

 Morett. ined. 



Far. t, trachelioldes (Alph. D. C. mon. p. 269.) stem and 

 leaves beset with stiff 1 white hairs, but particularly the calyx. I/ . 

 H. Native of Caucasus. C. trachelioides, Bieb. fl. taur. 1. p. 



150. no. 376. Stev. mem. nat. cur. mosc. 3. p. 255. C. Ucra- 

 nica, Spreng. nov. prov. p. 8. Roem. et Schultes, syst. 5. p. 121. 

 C. macrostachya, Panz. herb. C. setosa, Fisch. mss. 



Var. , nana (Alph. D. C. mon. p. 269.) stem abortive, 1-3- 

 flowered. I/ . H. 



Rampion-like Bell-flower. Fl. June, July. England. PI. 2 

 to 4 feet. 



58 C. BONONIE'NSIS (Lin. spec. 1. p. 234.) scabrous; stems 

 simple ; leaves serrulated, ovate, acuminated, dark green above, 

 pale beneath : radical leaves cordate, petiolate : superior leaves 

 stem-clasping ; flowers numerous, small, disposed in long ra- 

 cemes ; calycine lobes acuminated, 4 times shorter than the 

 corolla, which is funnel-shaped. % . H. Native of the east of 

 Europe and west of Asia, from lat. 40 to 53, and long. 15 

 10' west, even to 60; particularly in the northern elevated val- 

 leys in the kingdom of Naples ; Upper Italy, Piedmont, Saxony, 

 Prussia, Bohemia, Silesia, Caucasus, the Ukraine, and near the 

 Volga, &c. Bieb. fl. taur. 1. p. 150. Rchb. icon. cent. 2. t. 111. 

 f. 221. C. Thaliana, Wallr. sched. crit. p. 86. Rchb. icon. cent. 

 2. t. 112. Bauh. hist. 2. p. 806. Moris, oxon. 2. p. 461. sect. 

 5. t. 4. f. 38. Tube of calyx blackish. Flowers smaller than 

 in any other nearly allied species, numerous, disposed in a simple 

 raceme, or the raceme is branched at the base. Corollas bluish- 

 violet, glabrous. Plant dark green. Leaves pale beneath. 



Var. ft ; radical leaves very long. TJ. . H. Native of the 

 kingdom of Naples. C. obliquifolia, Tenore, fl. neap. prod. p. 15. 

 fl. neap. 1. p. 69. t. 17. Flowers bluish-violet. 



Far. y; plant much branched, many-flowered. l^.H. Na- 

 tive of Caucasus. C. Bononiensis, var. a, Bieb. fl. taur. 1. p. 



151. C. multiflora, Hortul. C. lychnitis, Horn. hort. hafn. 

 1. p. 199. Flowers bluish-violet. 



Far. S; leaves broader, tomentose beneath. Tf.. H. Native 

 of Tauria, Caucasus, and many parts of Russia, and the Levant. 

 C. petraea, Habl. taur. p. 157. ex Bieb. C. Bononiensis, Scop, 

 earn. 1. p. 147. Spreng. syst. 1. p. 730. C. Ruthenica, Bieb. 

 fl. taur. 1. p. 151. Willd. enum. p. 211. Sims, bot. mag. 2653. 

 Flowers bluish-violet. 



Far, t. ; stems very simple. I/ . H. C. Bononiensis, All. fl. 

 pedem. 1. p. 111. C. simplex, Lam. et D. C. fl. fr. 3. p. 730. 

 Rcem. et Schultes, syst. 5. p. 122. C. Bononiensis, var. ft, Bieb, 

 fl. taur. 1. p. 151. Flowers bluish-violet. 



