768 



CAMPANULACEJE. XV. CAMPANULA. XVI. SPECULA V RIA. 



Kitaibel's Bell-flower. Fl. June, July. Clt. 1820. PI. | foot. 



152 C. E'LEGANS (Roam, et Schultes, syst. 5. p. 105.) leaves 

 linear-lanceolate, quite entire : lower ones the broadest, smooth, 

 :md tapering into the petioles ; stem downy ; flowers axillary, 

 at length spicate ; calycine segments setaceous, divaricate, rather 

 pungent, length of corolla. It- H. Native of Siberia. C. 

 speciosa, Willd. rel. ex Rcem. et Schultes, 1. c. Stem simple, 

 terete, weak. Flowers terminal, and rising from the axillffi of 

 the superior leaves, forming an interrupted spike, hardly pedun- 

 culate. 



Elegant Bell-flower. Fl. July, Aug. Clt. 1821. PI. 1 foot. 



153 C. CAMTSCHA'TICA (Rcem. et Schultes, syst. 5. p. 343.) 

 radical leaves cordate, toothed : cauline ones oblong-lanceolate, 

 quite entire; stem weak, usually 1-flowered. I/. H. Native 

 of Kamtschatka. Radical leaves on long petioles, angularly 

 toothed, membranous, glabrous : cauline leaves tapering into the 

 petioles. Root capillary, much branched. Calycine segments 

 unequal, subulate, reflexed. 



Kamtschatka Bell-flower. PI. | foot. ? 



Cult. All the species are elegant and handsome when in 

 blossom, and are well adapted for decorating flower borders. 

 They in general thrive well in common garden earth. The seeds 

 of the biennial and annual kinds should be sown in the open 

 border in spring. The perennial species may either be propa- 

 gated by division or by seed. Some of the perennial and bien- 

 nial species, natives of the warmer latitudes, require a little pro- 

 tection in winter, when the weather is severe. Some of the 

 smaller perennial kinds answer well for decorating rockwork, or 

 to be grown in pots, among other alpine plants. 



XVI. SPECULA'RIA (so called from the ancient name of 

 one of the species, Speculum Veneris, or Venus's Looking-glass). 

 Heister, syst. pi. gen. ex fruct. &c. p. 8. in 1748. Alph. D. C. 

 mon. p. 344. Legouzia, Durand, fl. bourg. 2. p. 26. (1782.). 

 Delarb. fl. auvergn. 1. p. 45. Gray, nat. arrang. brit. pi. 2. p. 

 410. Speculum Veneris, Gerard, herb. 356. Rai, hist. 1. p. 

 742. Pentagonion, Tabern. icon. 316. Elatine, Csesalp. 1. 9. 

 cap. 32. Avicularia, Gessn. tab. phyt. 9. f. 76. J. Bauh. hist. 

 2. p. 800. Campanula species, Dodon. pempt. p. 168. Tourn. 

 inst. 1. p. 112. Lin. gen. no. 290. Willd. spec. 1. p. 912. Rcem. 

 et Schultes, syst. 5. p. 153. Prismatocarpus species, Lher. 

 sert. angl. p. 2. Mcench, meth. p. 496. Batsch, anal. flor. 11. 

 p. 32. t. 13. Lam. et D. C. fl. fr. ed. 3d. vol. 3. p. 708. Ape- 

 nula, Neck. elem. 1. p. 234. 



LIN. SYST. Pentdndria, Monogynia. Calyx 5-lobed, with an 

 elongated, prismatic, or long-obconical tube. Corolla rotate, 5- 

 lobed. Stamens 5, free, one-half shorter than the corolla ; 

 anthers longer than the filaments, which are short, membranous, 

 and pilose. Style inclosed, pilose : hairs secund, disposed in 1 

 rows ; stigmas 3, filiform. Capsule long, prismatic, 3-celled, 

 dehiscing by 3 valves at the apex, or a little above the middle 



part.. Seeds ovoid or lenticular, rather compressed, shining 



Dwarf annual herbs, natives of the region of the Mediterranean, 

 and the temperate parts of Europe ; one species alone a native 

 of America. Leaves alternate, equally scattered over the stem, 

 small ; lower ones unlike the rest. Flowers terminal and axil- 

 lary, erect, always sessile. Corollas blue, rose-coloured, white, 

 grey, or variegated, shining in the sun ; hence the generic 

 name. 



Tube of calyx very long, prismatic, and angular. Capsule 

 dehiscing towards the top, near the lobes of the calyx. Seeds 

 ovoid. Leaves ovate-oblong or lanceolate, nearly entire, not stem- 

 clasping. 



1 S. PENTAGONS (Alph. D, C. mon. p. 344.) stem branched, 

 larger ; flowers terminal, solitary ; calyx beset with a few stiff 



hairs, having a long prismatic tube, and long linear-lanceolate, 

 spreading lobes ; corolla the length of the calycine lobes. O- 

 H. Native of the Levant, about Aleppo ; in Caramania, Candia, 

 Thrace, &c. Campanula pentagonia, Lin. spec. 1. p. 239. Desf. 

 choix. cor. p.- 44. t. 33. or ann. mus. 11. p. 143. t. 18. Ker. hot. 

 reg. t. 56. Prismatocarpus pentagonius, Lher. sert. angl. p. 2. 

 Stem glabrous or pilose on the angles. Leaves glabrous, nearly 

 entire or crenulated, with revolute edges ; lower leaves obovate ; 

 middle cauline ones lanceolate-obovate ; upper cauline ones 

 linear-lanceolate. The corolla before expansion is blunt and 

 pentagonal, but when expanded large, white at the base, blue 

 to the middle part, and violaceous at the extremity of the 

 lobes. 



Pentagonal-dowered Venus's Looking-glass. Fl. May, Aug. 

 Clt. 1 686. PI. | to 1 foot. 



2 S. FALCA'TA (Alph. D. C. mon. p. 345.) stem nearly simple ; 

 flowers disposed in long spikes, or approximate at the tops of the 

 branches ; calyx glabrous or scabrous on the margins, with a 

 prismatic tube, and very long lanceolate acuminated lobes, which 

 are reflexed at the apex, and are twice the length of the corolla. 

 Q. H. Native of the region of the Mediterranean; as of the 

 Island of Chalcis or Eubaea ; of Dalmatia ; about Rome and 

 Naples ; and of Sicily, Corsica, and Sardinia ; among corn, and 

 on dry hills. Campanula falcata, Rcem. et Schultes, syst. 5. p. 

 154. Guss. pi. rar. p. 96. Prismatocarpus falcatus, Tenore, 

 prod. p. 16. fl. neap. 1. p. 77. t. 20. Sebas et Maur. fl. rom. 

 prod. 1. p. 102. Buxb. cent. 4. p. 24. t. 38. Cupan. panph. 

 2. t. 20. Stem glabrous or a little scabrous on the angles. 

 Leaves glabrous, rarely pilose, with rather revolute edges, cre- 

 nulated. Flowers sessile, solitary, axillary, the whole forming 

 a leafy spike. Corolla rose-coloured. Lobes of calyx fal- 

 cate. 



.fa/cafe-calyxed Venus's Looking-glass. Fl. May, Aug. Clt. 

 1 820. PI. | to 1 foot. 



3 S. SPE'CULUM (Alph. D. C. mon. p. 346.) stem branched ; 

 branches 3-flowered ; calyx glabrous or downy, with a prismatic 

 tube, which is narrow at the apex, and linear-lanceolate spread- 

 ing lobes, which are at length reflexed ; corolla length of the 

 lobes of the calyx. O- H. Native of the temperate parts of 

 Europe, and throughout the region of the Mediterranean Sea, 

 in corn-fields ; in Germany, Transylvania, Pyrenees, Spain, 

 Italy, Greece, Syria, Barbary, &c. Campanula speculum, Lin. 

 spec. p. 238. Curt. bot. mag. t. 102. Smith, fl. graec. t. 216. 

 Lagouzia arvensis, Durand. fl. bourg. 1. p. 37. Prismatocarpus 

 speculum, Lher. sert. angl. p. 2. Campanula pulchella, Salisb. 

 prod. p. 137. Legouzia Durandi, Delarb. fl. auvergn. p. 45. 

 Campanula miroir de Venus, Jaume, pi. fr. t. 73. Camp, cor- 

 data, Visiani. stirp. dalm. spec. p. 5. t. 2. Weinm. phyt. t. 286. 

 Besl. eyst. 7. t. 1. f. 1. Gesn. tab. phyt. 9. t. 76. Lob. icon, 

 t. 418. Dod. pempt. p. 168. t. 1. Mor. oxon. 2. p. 457. sect. 

 5. t. 2. f. 21. Branches glabrous or scabrous on the angles. 

 Leaves crenulated, glabrous or 'scabrous ; lower ones obovate ; 

 middle ones ovate-acute ; superior ones lanceolate, nearly entire. 

 Flowers terminal and axillary, showy. Corolla greenish- white 

 at bottom, deep violet towards the middle part, and the lobes 

 less violaceous, paler on the outside. There is also a variety 

 with white flowers. 



Var. ft, calycina (Alph. D. C. mon. p. 347.) leaves and caly- 

 cine lobes broader. O. H. Native of Iberia. Legouzia spe- 

 culum ? Fisch. ined. 



Var. y, pubescent (Alph. D. C. mon. p. 347.) the whole plant 

 pilose; stem erect. Q. H. Native of France and Naples. 

 Prismatocarpus speculum, var. ft, Lam. et D. C. fl. fr. ed. 3. 

 Prismatocarpus hirtus, Ten. prod. p. 16. fl. neap. 1. p. 76. t. 19. 

 Campanula hirta, Rcem. et Schultes, syst. 5. p. 153. Guss. fl. 

 sic. prodr. 1. p. 246. 



