850 



ERICACEAE. XLVII. KALMIA. XLVIII. MENZIESIA. XLIX. AZALEA. 



XLVII. KA'LMIA (named by Linnaeus in honour of Peter 

 Kaltn, professor at Abo, in Sweden ; author of Travels in America. 

 1753). Lin. gen. no. 545. Gaertn. fruct. 1. p. 305. t. 63, 

 Juss. gen. 158. Nutt. gen. amer. 1. p. 267. 



LIN. SYST. Decdndria, Monogynia. Calyx 5-parted. Corolla 

 salver-shaped; under side of limb producing 10 cornute pro- 

 tuberances, and as many cavities on the upper side, in which the 

 anthers lie, or are concealed. Capsule 5-celled, many-seeded ; 

 dissepiments marginal. Evergreen shrubs, with alternate or 

 ternately verticillate leaves. Flowers disposed in terminal, race- 

 mose, compound corymbs ; but in one species the flowers are 

 solitary and axillary. Pedicels long, 1-flowered, tribracteate at 

 the base ; external bractea originating from the rachis. Buds 

 naked. Anthers opening by two oblique truncate pores. This 

 genus is considered poisonous, and is often fatal to cattle. 



1 K. LATirbuA (Lin. spec. 560.) leaves on long petioles, 

 scattered, or 3 in a whorl, oval, coriaceous, smooth and green on 

 both surfaces ; corymbs terminal, downy, and viscid. I? . H. 

 Native from Canada to Carolina, on the sides of stony hills. 

 Curt. hot. mag. 175. Bigel. med. bot. p. 133. Wangh. amer. t. 

 25. f. 50. Catesb. car. 2. t. 98. Trew. ehrh. t. 38. f. 1. Pluk. 

 mant. t. 379. f. 6. A very elegant shrub when in flower : in 

 America it is called Laurel, and on the mountains Calico-bush* 

 Flowers red. It is not improbable that the deleterious honey 

 in Philadelphia might have been collected by the bees from the 

 flowers of the Calico-bush, which in some places pervades, in 

 rocky woods and depressed summits of mountains, almost in a 

 similar manner with Calluna vulgaris of Europe. 



Broad-leaved Kalmia. Fl. June, July. Clt. ] 734. Shrub 3 

 to 10 feet. 



2 K. ANGUSTIFOLIA (Lin. spec. 561.) leaves petiolate, scat- 

 tered, or 3 in a whorl, oblong, obtuse, rather rusty beneath ; 

 corymbs lateral ; bracteas linear ; peduncles and calyxes clothed 

 with glandular pubescence. ^ . H. Native from Canada to 

 Carolina, in bogs, swamps, and sometimes in dry mountain lands. 

 Curt. bot. mag. 331. Lodd. bot. cab. 502. Catesb. car. 3. 1. 17. 

 f. 1. Trew. ehrh. t. 38. f. 2. Flowers dark red. The shrub 

 is known by the name of Sheep Laurel in North America, being 

 considered very poisonous when fed upon by sheep. There are 

 several varieties of this species besides the one mentioned, dif- 

 fering in the size of parts, and in the deeper and lighter shade of 

 the corolla. See Loud. hort. brit. p. 171. 



Far. ft, ovata (Pursh, fl. amer. sept. 1. p. 296.) leaves 

 broader ; stem taller, f? . H. Native of New Jersey, on the 

 mountains. 



Narrow-leaved Kalmia. Fl. May, July. Clt. 1736. Shrub 

 1 to 2 feet. 



3 K. GLAU'CA (Ait. hort. kew. ed. 2. p. 64.) branchlets 

 2-edged or triquetrous ; leaves opposite, on short petioles, ob- 

 long, smooth, glaucous beneath, with revolute edges ; corymbs 

 terminal, compound, bracteate ; pedicels and calyxes glabrous. 



Tj . H. Native of bogs in Canada ; and on the borders of moun- 

 tain lakes of New York and Pennsylvania ; and of the Island of 

 Sitcha. Curt. bot. mag. 177. Lam. ill. t. 363. Lher. stirp. 

 nov. 2. t. 9. Lodd. bot. cab. 1508. K, polifolia, Wangh. act. 

 soc. berol. 8. p. 129. t. 5. A very handsome upright small 

 shrub, with pale red flowers. According to Nuttall, the flowers 

 are disposed in terminal compound corymbs, each corymb com- 

 posed of 3 racemose corymbulets ; and the pedicels and calyxes 

 are said by him to be clothed with powdery viscid pubescence. 



Var. /3, rosmarintfblia (Pursh, fl. amer. sept. 1. p. 296.) 

 leaves linear, more revolute on the margins, and having the 

 under surface green. Tj . H. Mr. Pursh discovered this 

 variety in a bog near Albany, and is inclined to think it a dis- 

 tinct species. 



G/acos-leaved Kalmia. Fl. April, May. Clt. 1767. Shrub 

 1 to 2 feet. 



4 K. CUNEA V TA (Michx. fl. bor. amer. 1. p. 257.) leaves scat- 

 tered, sessile, cuneate-oblong, glandularly pubescent beneath, 

 minutely awned at the apex ; corymbs lateral, few-flowered. 

 ^ . H. Native of Carolina, on the mountains. Branches 

 twiggy. Leaves deciduous. Flowers white, red at the bottom, 

 disposed in sessile, lateral, fastigiate clusters. 



Cuneate-lenved Kalmia. Fl. May, June. Clt. 1820. Shrub 

 1 to 2 feet. 



5 K. HIRSU'TA (Walt. fl. carol. 138. Michx. fl. amer. bor. 1. 

 p. 257. Curt. bot. mag. 138.) branches, leaves, and calyxes very 

 hairy ; leaves opposite and alternate, almost sessile, elliptic ; 

 peduncles axillary, solitary, 1-flowered, longer than the leaves. 



Pj . H. Native of South Carolina and Georgia, in barren pine- 

 woods. K. ciliata, Bartr. itin. 18. A beautiful little shrub, 

 but difficult to cultivate. Leaves small, like thyme. Flowers 

 large, red. 



Hairy Kalmia. Fl. June, Aug. Clt. 1786. Shrub 2 to 3 

 feet. 



Cult. Handsome shrubs when in blossom. They grow best 

 in peat soil, and are increased either by layers or by seeds. 

 When raised by seeds, they are reared and otherwise treated 

 in the manner recommended for Rhododendron, which see, 

 p. 848. 



XLVIII. MENZIE'SIA (named in honour of Archibald Men- 

 zies, F.L.S. &c. surgeon and naturalist to the expedition under 

 Vancouver, in which voyage he collected many specimens of 

 plants on the north-west coast of America, New Holland, Van 

 Diemen's Land, &c.). Smith, icon. ined. 56. Nutt. gen. amer. 

 1. p. 251. D. Don, in edinb. phil. journ. 17. p. 160. 



LIN. SYST. Octdndria, Monogynia. Calyx 4-lobed. Corolla 

 tubular or globose : limb very short, 4-lobed, revolute. Sta- 

 mens 8, inclosed ; filaments subulate, glabrous; cells of anthers 

 parallel, connate, mutic at the base, and opening each by an ob- 

 lique foramen at the apex. Stigma obtuse. Capsule ligneous, 

 4-celled, with a septicidal dehiscence. Placenta 4-lobed. Seeds 

 scobiform. Deciduous shrubs, natives of North America. 

 Leaves membranous, glaucous beneath. Pedicels numerous, 

 terminal, 1-flowered, fascicled. 



1 M. FERRUciNEA (Smith, icon. ined. 1. p. 56. t. 56.) corolla 

 urceolate, with rounded lobes ; leaves and branches hairy. fj . 

 H. Native of the north-west coast of America, particularly on 

 the Columbia River ; and of the Island of Sitcha. Lam. ill. t. 

 285. M. urceolaris, Salisb. par. lond. no. 44. Leaves obovate- 

 lanceolate. Flowers of a rust-colour. 



Rusty-flowered Menziesia. Fl. May, June. Clt. 1811. Shrub 

 3 to 4 feet. 



2 M. GLOBULA'RIS (Salisb. par lond. 44.) corolla globose, 

 with rounded lobes ; leaves and branches hairy. tj.H. Na- 

 tive of Virginia and Carolina, on high mountains; plentiful on 

 the Cacapoon Mountains, near Winchester, Virginia. M. Smi- 

 thii, Michx. fl. bor. amer. 1. p. 235. Azalea pilosa, Lam. ill. 

 494. M. pilosa, Pers. ench. 1. p. 420. Leaves lanceolate. 

 Flowers yellowish brown. 



G7o&utor-flowered Menziesia. Fl. May, June. Clt. 1806. 

 Shrub 3 to 5 feet. 



3 M. ? TRIFLORA (Bert, ex Spreng. syst. 2. p. 202.) corolla 

 oblong, with pointed lobes ; leaves and branches glabrous. >j . 

 S. Native of Jamaica, on the mountains. M. ? elata, D. Don, 

 mss. Andromeda octandra, Swartz. prod. p. 73. fl. ind. occ. 2. 

 p. 840. Leaves spatulate, oblong. Peduncles aggregate, re- 

 flexed. 



Three-flowered Menziesia. Shrub tall. 



Cult. For culture and propagation see Azalea, p. 851. 



XLIX. AZA'LEA (from a^aXeoj, azaleas, dry, arid ; habita- 



