ERICACE.E. LIX. CHIMAPHILA. LX. MONESES. LXI. CLADOTHAMNUS. 



865 



Cult. All the species of Winter-green are very pretty 

 when in blossom, but are extremely difficult to cultivate in 

 gardens. They grow best in a sandy or gravelly soil, in a 

 shady situation. They should be mulched with moss, and a 

 hand-glass placed over them. They may be increased by 

 division. 



LIX. CHIMA'PHILA (from x V a > cheima, winter, and 

 <pt\ew, phileo, to love ; the plants are green in winter). 

 Pursh, fl. amer. sept. 1. p. 300. Nutt. gen. amer. 1. p. 274. 

 Chimaza, R. Br. in herb. Banks Pyrola species, Lin. and 

 others. 



LIN. SYST. Decdndria, Monogynia. Calyx 5-toothed (f. 143. a.) 

 Petals 5, at length reflexed (f. 143. 6.) Stamens 10 ; anthers de- 

 hiscing at the base by 2 holes ; filaments stipitate ; stipes discoid, 

 ciliated. Style very short, immersed in the germ. Stigma 

 annular, orbicular,- (f. 143. </.), with a 5-lobed disk. Capsules 

 5-celled, opening from the summit; margins of valves desti- 

 tute of tomentum ; cells many-seeded. Seeds narrow, scobi- 

 form, winged at both ends. Embryo transverse. Evergreen 

 sufftuticose plants, with creeping roots. Leaves lanceolate, ser- 

 rated, verticillate. Scapes naked. Flowers corymbose, white. 



1 C. CORYMBOSA (Pursh. fl. amer. sept. 1. p. 300.) leaves 

 cuneate-lanceolate, serrated, 4-5 in a whorl ; peduncles pubes- 

 cent, bearing a 5-6-flowered corymb at top; bracteas linear- 

 subulate ; appendages of filaments ciliated ; style immersed. 

 Tj . H. Native of Europe, Asia, and North America, from 

 Canada to Carolina, in sandy and gravelly woods. Pyrola um- 

 bellata, Lin. spec. 468. Sims, bot. mag. 7781. Chimaza um- 

 bellata, R. Br. in herb. Banks. Riv. pent. t. 139. f. 2. Mor. 

 hist. 3. sect. 12. t. 10. f. 5. Root creeping. Plant evergreen, 

 frutescent. Leaves green on both surfaces, acutely and dis- 

 tantly serrated from the middle to the apex. Flowers corym- 

 bose, pendulous, at length erectish, greenish-white, tinged with 

 red. Anthers purplish. 



Umbellate-flowered Winter- green. Fl. June. Clt. 1752. 

 PI. to $ foot. ( 



2 C. MACULA'TA (Pursh. fl. 

 amer. sept. 1. p. 300. Nutt. 

 gen. amer. 1. p. 275.) leaves 

 lanceolate, acute, with white 

 bands on the upper surface 

 along the nerve and veins, op- 

 posite, or 4 in a whorl ; pedun- 

 cles downy, bearing a 2-S-flow- 

 ered corymb at the apex; brac- 

 teoles linear ; appendages of 

 filaments woolly ; style very 

 short, fy . H. Native of North 

 America, from Canada to Caro- 

 lina, in sandy or gravelly woods ; 

 also on the north-west coast. 

 Pyrola maculata, Lin. spec. 

 568. Sims, bot. mag. 897. 

 Chimaza maculata, R. Br. in 



herb. Banks. Pluk. mant. 157. t. 349. f. 4. Plant suffru- 

 tescent, evergreen. Root creeping. Stem procumbent at base 

 and ascending at apex. Lower surface of leaves red. Pedi- 

 cels and calyxes red, clothed with clammy down. Flowers 

 pendulous, white. Anthers yellow. This plant is in high 

 esteem for its medicinal qualities among the Indians ; they call 

 it sip-si-sewa. Mr. Pursh tells us, that he has witnessed the 

 beneficial effects of a decoction of this plant in a very severe 

 case of hysterics ; and he says it is a plant eminently de- 

 serving the attention of physicians. We are also informed 

 VOL. in. 



FIG. 143. 



that its decoction has proved very serviceable in scrofulous 

 diseases. 



Spotted-\eaveA Winter-green. Fl. June. Clt. 1752. PI. 

 dec. 3 to 4 inches long. 



3 C. MENZIE'SII (Spreng. syst. 2. p. 317.) leaves alternate, 

 or 3 in a whorl, lanceolate, acuminated, serrated, discoloured ; 

 peduncles 2-flowered, glabrous ; bracteas broad -roundish ; ca- 

 lycine segments elliptic, acute ; style distinct. Jj . H. Native 

 of the north-west coast of America, where it was collected by 

 Mr. Menzies. Pyrola Menziesii, R. Br. in herb. Banks ex 

 D. Don, in wern. mem. 5. p. 245. Plant suflrutescent, ever- 

 green. Root creeping. Stems ascending, red. Pedicels gla- 

 brous. Flowers pendulous, white. Leaves deep green above 

 and red beneath. This species has a striking resemblance to 

 P. maculata. 



Menzies' Winter-green. Plant ascending, 2 to 3 inches 

 long. 



Cult. See Pyrbla, for culture and propagation, above. 



LX. MONE'SES (from povoe, monos, alone ; flowers solitary 

 on the tops of the scapes). Sal. mss. in Gray, brit. arrang. 2. 

 p. 403. Pyrola uniflora, of authors. 



LIN. SYST. Decdndria, Monogynia. Calyx 5-toothed (f. 144. a.) 

 Corolla 5-lobed (f. 144. 6.) Stamens 10, inclinate. Anthers 

 dehiscing at the base by two holes; cells of anthers elongated and 

 tubular. Stigma 5-toothed (f. 144. /.) Capsule 5-celled; valves 

 dehiscing from the apex, destitute of tomentum. An herb 

 with a creeping root. Leaves orbicular, 3 in a whorl, coria- 

 ceous, serrated. Scapes 1 -flowered. Pedicels bracteate. Flowers 

 white. 



1 M. GKAND1FLORA (Sal. HISS. 



in Gray, brit. arrang. 2. p. 

 403.) flowers solitary, at the top 

 of the scape ; cells of anthers 

 elongated and tubular ; stigma 

 acutely 5-toothed ; leaves orbi- 

 cular, serrated. If.. H. Na- 

 tive of Europe, Asia, and North 

 America, in alpine mossy woods; 

 in Britain, in alpine woods and 

 by the sides of trickling rills ; in 

 the western islands of Harris 

 and Borneras : in a fir wood near 

 Brodie House, by Forres. Py- 

 rola uniflbra, Lin. spec. 5CS. Fl. 

 dan. t. 8. Smith, engl. bot. t. 

 146 Moris, hist. 3. p. 505. 

 sect. 12. 1. 10. f. 2. Riv. mon. 



t. 139. f. 1. Leaves 3, rarely 4 in a whorl, longer than tlif 

 dilated petioles. Scape furnished with an ovate scale above 

 the middle. Flowers large, solitary, drooping, white, very 

 sweet-scented. Stamens recumbent. 



Great-flowered Winter-green. Fl. June, July. Britain, 

 to 1 foot. 



FIG. 144. 



Cult. For culture and propagation, see Pyrbla, above. 



PI. \ 



LXI. CLADOTHA'MNUS (from tXa^oe, klados, .a 

 branch, and Sct/ivoe, thamnos, a shrub). Bongard, in mem. 

 acad. petersb. 2. p. 155. t. 1. Pyrola fruticosa, Escholz. 

 mss. 



LIN. SYST. Decdndria Monogynia. Calyx 5-parted. Petals 



5. Stamens 10. Anthers wholly adnate, dehiscing by 2 pores 



at the apex. Stigma globose, somewhat 5-lobed. Capsule 



globose, 5-valved, rarely 6-valved, and 5, rarely 6-celled. 



5 S 



