THE 



GARDENER'S AND BOTANIST'S DICTIONARY, 





SUB-CLASS III. 



COROLL.EFLO'RJE (from corolla, zndfos, a flower.) Co- 

 rolla monopetalous, or the petals combined into the form of a 

 hypogynous corolla, which is not attached to the calyx. To 

 this sub-cla?s are to be referred all orders which have a mono- 

 petalous corolla, with the stamens inserted into it, and a superior 

 ovariurn ; but those orders with a monopetalous corolla, having 

 the stamens inserted into it and the inferior ovarium, as Rubia- 

 cetf, Ericaceae, Epacr'ideae, Campanulaceae, Lobeliacece, Caprifo- 

 liaceif, Loranthaceae, &c. are still retained in the sub-class 

 Calycijlorae. 



ORDER CXL. SYMPLOCI'NE^ (this order only contains 

 the genus Symplacot). D. Don. prod. fl. nep. p. 144. Guaia- 

 canae, part 2. Juss. gen. 157. 



Calyx 5-parted or 5-cleft (f. 1. a.). Corolla monopetalous, 

 rotate (f. 1. c.), with a 5 (f. 1. c.) -10-parted spreading limb; 

 when 8 or 1 0, 4 or 5 of which are interior and smaller : imbricate 

 in aestivation. Stamens very numerous, inserted in the tube of 

 the corolla, disposed in 3 or 4 series or rows ; filaments cuspi- 

 date at the apex, polyadelphous at the base ; anthers erect, 

 roundish-elliptic, 2-celled, bursting lengthwise. Ovarium 

 half inferior, 3-5-celled ; ovula 4 in each cell, fixed to inner 

 parietes of the cells at various heights, the 2 superior ones pe- 

 ritropous, and the 2 inferior ones pendulous. Style 1 ; stigma 

 3-5-lobed. Drupe rather fleshy, crowned by the calyx, contain- 

 ing a 3-5-celled nut ; cells 1-seeded; seeds bony. Embryo in- 

 verted and furnished with albumen, having a superior radicle. 



Trees with alternate branches. Leaves alternate, entire, or 

 serrulated, exstipulate, turning yellow on drying. Flowers axil- 

 lary, sessile, or pedunculate, almost solitary, conglomerate, or 

 somewhat racemose, white or scarlet, furnished with imbricating 

 bracteas at the base (f. 1 . b.), sometimes fragrant. The leaves 

 of most of the species are astringent ; those of Symplocos tinc- 

 tbria are used in America, under the name of Sweetleaf, for 

 dyeing yellow ; and the bark of S. racembsa is used with mun- 

 geet for dyeing red in the East Indies, under the name of 

 Lohd. 



VOL. IV. 



I. SY'MPLOCOS (<ru/jx.\oci7, tymploke, a connection ; in re- 

 ference to the stamens being combined at the base). Lin. gen. 

 677. Jacq. amer. 166. Swartz, prod. 109. obs. t. 7. f. 1. Juss. 

 gen. 157. L'Herit. in Lin. trans. 1. p. 174. H. B. et Kunth, 

 nov. gen. amer. 3. p. 256. D. Don. prod. fl. nep. p. 144. 

 Ciponima, Aubl. guian. 1. p. 226. Cav. diss. 7- p. 370. t. 217. 

 Alstonia, Mut. in Lin. suppl. p. 264. Hopea, Lin. but not of 

 Roxb. 



LIN. SYST. Polyadtlphia, Polydndria. Character the same 

 as that of the order. 



SECT. I. ALSTONIA (named in memory of Charles Alston, 

 Professor of Botany in the University of Edinburgh). Corolla 

 8-10-parted ; segments disposed in a double row. Stamens dis- 

 posed in 3 or 4 series. Drupe half inferior, 3-5-celled ; cells 1 - 

 seeded. Species natives of South America. 



1 S. ALSTOXIA (Lher. in Lin. trans. 1. p. 176.) glabrous in 

 every part ; leaves roundish-elliptic or oblong, obtuse, rounded 

 at the base, obsoletely crenated at the apex, coriaceous, shining ; 

 flowers by threes or fours, sessile. \j . S. Native of New 

 Granada, near Santa Fe de Bogota and Popayan. Humb. et 

 Bonpl. pi. sequin. 1. p. 181. t. 51. Alstonia theaeformis, Lin. 

 suppl. p. 264. Habit of Thea Bohea. Leaves pale green and 

 shining above, and pale beneath, and are employed as tea on 

 account of their slight astringency. Corollas white, 8-10-cIeft. 

 Drupe 3-celled. 



Alston's Symplocos. Tree 12 to 15 feet. 



2 S. CB'RJOJA (Humb. et Bonpl. pi. aequin. 1. p. 188. t. 53.) 

 branches glabrous ; leaves oblong, bluntish, running into the 

 petioles at the base, serrulated at the apex, coriaceous, glabrous 

 and shining above, pilose on the nerves beneath ; flowers soli- 

 tary, on short pedicels, drooping. J; . S. Native of Peru, in 

 woods, near the town of Jaen de Bracamoros. Leaves 2-|. inches 

 long. Corolla 10- 11 -parted, white. Ovarium 3-celled. 



Z)roopwg--flowered Syraplocos. Tree 30 feet. 



3 S. COCCINEA (Humb. et Bonpl. pi. aequin. 1. p. 185. t. 52.) 

 branches hispid from pili ; leaves elliptic-oblong, acuminated, 

 rounded at the base, obsoletely crenulated, membranous, gla- 

 brous, shining, pilose on the middle nerve ; flowers solitary, 

 almost sessile. Jj . S. Native of Mexico, near Xalapa and 

 elsewhere. Corolla rose-coloured or purplish, silky outside, 

 10- 11 -par ted, an inch in diameter when expanded. Drupe 5- 

 celled. Stamens disposed in 4 series. 



Scarlet Symplocos. Tree tall. 



4 S. SERRULA'TA (Humb. et Bonpl. pi. aequin. 1. p. 190. 

 t. 54.) branchlets clothed with rusty hairs ; leaves obovate- 



B 



