28 



SAPOTACEjE. III. SIDEROXYLON. 



series. Corolla cup-shaped, 5-parted, with ovate-lanceolate, 

 sub-emarginate segments ; having 5 petal-like, linear-subulate 

 segments, adhering to the base of the corolla, and alternating 

 with its segments. Stamens 5, filiform, length of corolla, and 

 adnate to its base ; anthers incumbent, ovate, keeled on the 

 back. Ovarium conical, hairy. Style glabrous ; length of 

 stamens ; stigma simple. Drupe ovate, terminated by the 

 style, 2-3-celled ; cells 1 -seeded. Seeds hard, smooth, having 

 a longitudinal furrow inside. A small evergreen tree. 



1 A. SIDEROXYLON (Roem. et Schultes, syst. 4. p. 502.). 

 \l . H. Native of the southern parts of the kingdom of Mo- 

 rocco ; abundant in woods situated in the southern provinces, 

 between the rivers Tansif and Sur. Sideroxylon spinosum, 

 Lin. spec. p. 279. exclusive of the syn. of Rheede, mal. Ait. 

 hort. kew. ed. 2. vol. 2. p. 14. Dry. in Lin. trans. 2. p. 225. 

 Correa, in ann. mus. 8. p. 393. Elseodendron A'rgan, Retz. 

 obs. 6. p. 26. Willd. spec. 1. p. 1148. exclusive of the syn. 

 Rhamnus pentaphyllus, Jacq. and Boccone. Schousb. mar. 

 p. 89. Rhamnus Siculus, Lin. syst. 3. p. 227. exclusive of the 

 synonymes. Comm. hort. amst. 1. p. 161. t. 83. An ever- 

 green tree of middle size, with a bushy head. Branches ter- 

 minated by strong spines. Leaves lanceolate, entire, bluntish, 

 glabrous, paler beneath ; the lower ones in fascicles. Flowers 

 lateral and axillary, scattered, crowded, sessile. Corolla green- 

 ish-yellow. Fruit dotted with white, size of a plum, full of 

 white, milky juice. 



Iron-wood Argania. Fl. July. Clt. 1711. Tr. 15 to 20 ft. 



Cult. The tree will grow against a south wall, but will 

 require the protection of a mat in severe weather in winter. 

 It is to be propagated by cuttings in sand, under a hand-glass. 



III. SIDERO'XYLON (from <r^ W o e , sideros, iron, and 

 ivXov, xylon, wood ; from the hardness of the wood). Dill, 

 elth. p. 357. t. 265. f. 344. Lin. gen. no. 264. Juss. gen. 

 151. Gaertn. fruct. 3. p. 123. t. 202. Lam. ill. t. 120. Vent, 

 choix. t. 22. 



LIN. SYST. Pentdndria, Monogynia. Calyx small, 5-parted. 

 Corolla 5-cleft, with roundish, concave segments ; having a 

 lobe in each recess. Stamens 5 (in one species 10), length of 

 corolla, alternating with the teeth inside the corolline segments, 

 which are probably sterile stamens ; anthers oblong. Style 

 length of stamens. Stigma obtuse. Berry 5-celled, 5-seeded, 

 but some of the cells are usually abortive. Albumen subcartila- 

 ginous. Embryo obliquely ascending. Evergreen trees, with 

 axillary and lateral fascicles of flowers. 



* Shrubs unarmed. 



1 S. INE'RME (Lin. in Dill. hort. elth. 357. t. 265. f. 344.) 

 spec. p. 278.) leaves oblong-ovate, obtuse, glabrous ; flowers in 

 lateral and axillary fascicles. Ij . G. Native of the Cape of 

 Good Hope. Jacq. coll. 2. p. 250. Mill. ill. t. 299. S. A'rgan, 

 Lam. diet. 1. p. 245. ill. no. 2455. t. 120. f. 1. Roemeria inermis, 

 Thunb. in Rosm. arch. 2. p. 2. Leaves coriaceous, shining, 

 3 inches long, attenuated at the base. Flowers small, with a 

 green calyx and white petals and stamens. Sterile filaments lan- 

 ceolate, acuminated, usually cut. 



Unarmed Iron-wood. Fl. July. Clt. 1692. Sh. 5 to 6 ft. 



2 S. CINE'REUM (Lam. diet. 1. p. 244. exclusive of the syno- 

 nymes) leaves obovate, flat, reticulated with veins beneath ; 

 flowers axillary, 1-4 in a fascicle, t; . S. Native of the Isle 

 of France. Burm. afr. t. 84. f. 2. Branches rufescent. Leaves 

 coriaceous, glabrous, dotted beneath. Flowers small, white. 



Gre^-barked Iron-wood. Shrub 6 to 10 feet. 



3 S. KITIDUM (Blum, bijdr. 675.) leaves oblong, attenuated 



at both ends, shining ; flowers crowded into axillary racemes. 

 Jj . S. Native of Java, in the province of Buitenzorg, in woods 

 on Mount Sulin, where it is called Njalu. 

 Shining Iron- wood. Tree 80 feet. 



4 S.? RUGOSUM (Room, et Schultes, syst. 4. p. 501.) leaves 

 oblong, acuminated, glabrous ; flowers in axillary fascicles ; 

 fruit wrinkled, acuminated. ^ S. Native of Jamaica, on the 

 higher mountains. Chrysophyllum rugosum, Swartz, prod. p. 

 49. fl. ind. occ. 1. p. 484. Willd. berl. mag. 3. p. 60. Leaves 

 large, paler beneath. Corolla 10-cleft, 5 of the segments obtuse 

 and 5 very short. Fruit size of a filbert, yellowish brown. 

 Seeds ovate-oblong, compressed. 



JVrinkled-iruited Iron-wood. Tree. 



5 S. ? CANTONIE'NSE (Lour. coch. p. 122.) leaves palmate, 

 glabrous, on long petioles ; peduncles solitary, axillary, many- 

 flowered. T; . G. Native of China, in the suburbs of Canton. 

 Shrub climbing. Calyx a small, lanceolate, deciduous spathe. 

 Corolla 5-cleft. Nectarium acutely 5-cleft. Stamens 5. Stigma 

 obtuse. Berry roundish, 4-celled, 1-seeded. Root a large 

 round tube, tapering at the base. This is certainly not a Side- 

 roxylon, nor does it appear to belong to the order. 



Canton Iron-wood. Shrub cl. 



6 S. ? ATROVIRENS (Willd. enum. suppl. p. 11.) leaves lan- 

 ceolate, acute, smooth, pale beneath, approximate ; flowers 

 small, racemose, axillary. ^ . G. Native ? An erect, branched 

 shrub, with greyish white branches ; petioles blackish, brown. 

 Flowers white. Perhaps the same as S. atrovirens, Lam., or 

 probably S. nigricans, Dum. Cours. 



Dark-green Iron-wood. Shrub 6 to 10 feet. 



7 S. GUADALUPE'NSIS (Spreng. syst. 1. p. 666.) unarmed; 

 leaves ovate-oblong, bluntish, coriaceous, quite glabrous, pa- 

 rallelly veined beneath ; peduncles solitary, 1 -flowered, axillary. 

 I? . S. Native of Guadaloupe. 



Guadaloupe Iron-wood. Tree or shrub. 



8 S. TOMKNTOSUM (Roxb. cor. 1. p. 28. t. 28.) leaves oblong, 

 undulated, downy; flowers in axillary fascicles; berry 1-5- 

 seeded. fj S. Native of the East Indies, on the tops of 

 mountains. Bark ash-coloured. Leaves smooth in the adult 

 state, but clothed with rust-coloured down while young, 3-5 

 inches long. Flowers small, dull white. Berry ovate, size of 

 an olive. Segments of corolla acutish. S. Wightianum, Wall, 

 no. 4154. appears to be only a more glabrous variety of S. 

 tomentbsum. 



Tomentose Iron-wood. Clt. 1818. Tree 8 to 10 feet. 



9 S. GRANDIFOLIUM (Wall, in Roxb. fl. ind. 2. p. 348.) leaves 

 obovate-elliptic, obtuse or acuminated, tapering downwards, 

 smooth, crowded at the tops of the branches ; flowers globular, 

 in numerous axillary and lateral, crowded fascicles ; segments 

 of corolla obtuse; ovarium densely bearded. Jj . S. Native 

 ofSilhet. Branches angular. Leaves 6-1 2 inches long. Flowers 

 small, pea-green. Stigma truncate. S. regium, Wall. cat. no. 

 415. (a native of Pegu) does not appear to differ from this. 



Great-leaved Iron-wood. Tree large. 



10 S. WALLICHIA'NUM ; branches, petioles, and midrib of 

 leaves clothed with rusty villi while young ; leaves large, ellip- 

 tic-oblong, or oblong-obovate, acuminated, on short petioles, 

 crowded at the tops of the branches. J? . S. Native of Penang. 

 S. rug6sum, Wall. cat. no. 4158. but not of Rcem. et Schultes. 



Wallich's Iron-wood. Tree. 



US. NERVOSUM (Wall. cat. no. 4159.) branches, petioles, 

 and midrib of young leaves, calyxes, and pedicels clothed with 

 rusty villi ; flowers rather large, in crowded, close, axillary and 

 lateral fascicles ; leaves large, oblong, with a short acumen, on 

 short thick petioles, rusty beneath. ^ . S. Native of the 

 Burmese empire, at Trogle, on the banks of the Saluen river. 



Nerved Iron-wood. Tree. 



