84 



APOCYNE^E. XXI. BALFOURIA. XXII. NERIUM. XXIII. STUOPHANTHUS. 



tagonal and white ; segments of limb broad and truncate at the 

 apex. Anthers length of tube. Said to be non-lactescent. 



Five-angled-fiowered Prestonia. Shrub tw. 



7 P. ANNULA'RIS ; leaves large ; corolla furnished with a pro- 

 minent ring ; racemes pedunculate, bifid ; hypogynous scales 

 distinct, fy . *"\ S. Native of Surinam. Echites annularis, 

 Lin. suppl. 166. Leaves nearly a foot long. Segments of 

 corolla emarginate. Stigma obtuse, girded by a ring. 



-^nnwZar-flowered Prestonia. Shrub tw. 



Cult. For culture and propagation see Echites, p. 76. 



XXI. BALFOITRIA (in memory of Sir Andrew Balfour, 

 the founder of the Edinburgh Botanic Garden and Museum, of 

 whose merits in natural history, especially in botany, an inter- 

 esting account is given by his friend Sir Robert Sibbald, in a 

 small volume entitled " Memoria Balfouriana."). R. Br. in 

 mem. wern. soc. 1. p. 70. prod. p. 467. 



LIN. SYST. Pentdndria, Monogjnia. Corolla salver-shaped, 

 throat crowned by a little crenulated tube ; segments of the 

 limb straight, equal-sided. Stamens inserted in the throat, a 

 little exserted : anthers sagittate, mucronate, cohering by their 

 middle to the stigma. Ovarium 2-celled. Style 1, filiform, 

 dilated at apex; stigma angular. Scales 10, inserted at the 

 base of the calyx outside the corolla : hypogynous ones none. 

 Follicles unknown. A small tree, about 12 feet high. Leaves 

 opposite, lanceolate-linear, falcate ; furnished with interpetiolar 

 teeth. Cymes trifid, lateral, and terminal. 



1 B. SALIGNA (R. Br. prod. 467.). Tj . S. Native of New 

 Holland, within the tropic. 



Willowy Balfouria. Tree 12 feet. 



Cult. For culture and propagation see Nerium, below. 



XXII. NE'RIUM (from vripoc, neros, humid; habitat of spe- 

 cies.) R. Br. in mem. wern. soc. 1. p. 71. Lam. ill. t. 174. 

 f. 1. Nerium, species of Lin. ed Juss. 



LIN. SYST. Pentdndria Monogy'nia. Calyx 5-cleft. Corolla 

 salver-shaped; throat crowned by lacerated multifid segments ; 

 segments of the limb twisted, unequal-sided, tailless. Filaments 

 inserted into the middle of the tube. Anthers sagittate, awned, 

 cohering by their middle to the stigma. Ovaria 2. Style 1, 

 filiform, dilated at top ; stigma obtuse. Hypogynous scales 

 wanting ; but there are toothlets at the base of the calyx, outside 

 the corolla. Follicles cylindrical. Erect shrubs. Leaves 3 in 

 a whorl, elongated, coriaceous, with numerous parallel veins. 

 Flowers terminal, corymbose. 



1 N. OLEA'NDER (Lin. spec. 805.) leaves lanceolate, 3 in a 

 whorl, veiny beneath ; segments of corona trifid or tricuspidate. 

 fy . G. Native of the East Indies, in humid places ; but has 

 now become apparently wild in many places of the south of 

 Europe, by the sides of streams, and near the sea coast. 

 Blackw. t. 531 Duham. arb. 2. p. 46. t. 12. Lob. icon. t. 

 364. N. lauriforme, Fl. fr. 2. p. 209. Leaves 4-5 inches long, 

 dark green. Flowers rather large, bright red. Like Rhododen- 

 dron, this shrub has the name of Rose Bay, and for the same 

 reason ; but it is more commonly known by the officinal name, 

 Oleander, which is also adopted in all the European languages, 

 except the French, in which it is Laurose, or Laurier-Rose, that 

 is, Rose Bay. The Italians have adopted Nerio, or Rosa-laura, 

 as well as Oleandro. Oil, in which the leaves are infused, was 

 formerly recommended for cutaneous disorders, in preference to 

 mercurial preparations, for weak constitutions. 



Var. /3, Jlbre albo ; flowers white ; leaves pale green. Jj . 

 G. Lodd. bot. cab. t. 700. Ger. emac. 1406. f. 2. Park, 

 theatr. 1407. 1. 



Var. y, splendens (Hort.) flowers large, showy, double, bright 



red. fj . G. N. latifolium, Mill. diet. no. 3. ? Herm. lugdb. 

 447. t. 440. Nerium grandiflorum, Hort. Par. 



Var. S, variegatum (Hort.) leaves edged with white or yellow ; 

 flowers reel. ^ . G. Lodd. bot. cab. 666. 



Common Oleander. Fl. June, Oct. Clt. 1596. Shrub 6- 

 14 feet. 



2 N. ODORUM(Ait. hort. kew. 1. p. 297.) leaves linear-lanceo- 

 late, 3 in a whorl, coriaceous, veiny beneath, with revolute 

 edges ; segments of the crown multifid, filamentose at apex. 



f? . G. Native of the East Indies, on the banks of rivers, and 

 by the sea side. Heyne, term. bot. t. 22. f. 1. Sims, bot. 

 mag. t. 2032. N. odoratum, Lam. diet. 3. p. 456. Rheed. 

 mal. 9. t. 2. N. I'ndicum, Mill. diet. no. 2. N. Oleander, 

 Lour. coch. 115. Leaves light green, 6-10 inches long. Flowers 

 pale red, with an agreeable musky scent. Bracteas lanceolate, 

 mucronate, permanent. Calycine segments lanceolate mucro- 

 nate. There is also a variety of this species with white flowers, 

 and another with semi-double flowers. See Ker. bot. reg. t. 74. 

 Srveet-scented-fiowered Oleander. Fl. June, Aug. Clt. 1683. 

 Shrub 6-8 feet. 



3 N. FLAVE'SCENS (Di Spino, jard. de St. Sebastian, 1812.) 

 leaves linear-lanceolate, 3 in a whorl, or opposite, veined be- 

 neath ; flowers and peduncles yellowish. T? . G. Native country 

 unknown, but cultivated in Italian gardens. N. odorum, var. /J, 

 luteum, Targion Tazzet. obs. bot. dec. 1-2, p. 27. 



Yellowish-dowered Oleander. Fl. July, Aug. Clt. 1817. 

 Shrub 6-10 feet. 



4 N. SALICINUM (Forsk. desc. 205. Vahl. symb. 2. p. 45.) 

 leaves linear-lanceolate, 3 in a whorl, nerveless, fj . G. Native 

 of Arabia Felix. Said to differ from N, Oleander, in the leaves 

 being obtuse, and almost veinless beneath, not with copious 

 parallel nerves. A large tree, with the habit of Salix frdgilis. 

 Leaves flat, shining, a span long. 



Willowy Oleander. Tree. 



"( A doubtful species. 



5 N. ? RETICULA'TUM (Willd. herb, ex Roam, et Schultes, syst. 



4. p. 797.) leaves elliptic, mucronate, reticulated, stem scan- 

 dent, fy . ^. S. Native of the East Indies. Perhaps a species 

 of Wrightia. 



Reticulated-leaved Oleander. Shrub cl. 



Cult. All the species of Oleander are very showy when in 

 blossom. They thrive well in a light rich soil ; and cuttings 

 strike root freely in any kind of soil, if kept moist ; or by placing 

 the ends of them in water. All require a good deal of heat, to 

 flower freely in this country. 



XXIII. STROPHA'NTHUS (from arpofoc, strophos, a 

 twisted thong; and avQoq, anthos, a flower; segments of corolla 

 long, narrow, and twisted.) D. C. in bull. d. soc. philom. no. 

 64. p. 123. t. 8. f. 1. Desf. ann. mus. 1. p. 410. t. 27. R. Br. 

 in mem. wern. soc. 1. p. 72. Echites species, Lin. 



LIN. SYST. Pentdndria, Monogynia. Calyx 5-parted (f. 13. 

 a.) Corolla funnel-shaped; throat crowned by 10 undivided 

 scales ; segments of the limb ending in a long tail each (f. 13. e.) 

 Stamens inserted in the middle of the tube ; anthers sagittate, 

 awned (f. 13. c. rf.) or mucronate. Ovaria 2. Style 1, filiform, 

 dilated at the apex; stigma sub-cylindrical. Hypogynous scales 



5. Follicles ovate, acuminated, many-seeded. Sarmentpse 

 shrubs, with opposite leaves. 



1. Anthers glabrous, drann out into a thread (f. 13. c.) 



1 S. SARMENTOSUS (D. C. bull, philomat. no. 64. p. 123. t. 8. 

 f. 1. Desf. ann. mus. 1. p. 410. t. 27.) glabrous, sarmentose ; 

 flowers glomerate, terminal and lateral, rising with the leaves ; 

 corollas sub-campanulate. T? . S. Native of Sierra Leone, 



