182 



GENTIANE^E. VII. GENTIANA. 



SECT. II. Annual plants. Corolla campanulate ; throat naked. 

 Style short ; stigma 2-lobed. 



21 G. AU'REA (Lin. spec. 331.) stem erect, branched ; branches 

 tetragonal ; lower leaves spatulate-oblong : upper ones ovate, 

 acutish, all obsoletely 5 nerved ; flowers axillary and terminal, 

 on long angular pedicels ; corollas campanulately funnel- 

 shaped, 5-cleft : segments acuminated: throat naked. Q. H. 

 Native of the alps of Lapland, Norway, on islands near the sea. 

 Frcol. gent. p. 54. no. 20. Lin. fl. lapp. ed. 2. p. 65. Gmel. 

 syst. 1. p. 461. no. 23. Gentiana involucr&ta, Rottb. in act. 

 hafn. 10. p. 434. t. 1. f. 2. A. B. Wahl. lapp. p. 67. Gen- 

 tiana quinquefolia, Oed. fl. dan. t. 344. Hippion aureum, 

 Schmidt, in Rcetn. arch. 1. p. 10. no. 10. Barrel, icon. 3. t 

 104. f. 1. Radical leaves dense. Calycine segments ovate, 

 mucronate, Wahl.; subulate, Lin. Flowers collected into heads 

 of few flowers, involucrated. Corolla white, ex Wahl. ; yellow 

 in the dried state, ex Lin. ; purple ex Old. ; tube length of calyx. 

 Capsule longer than the calyx. 



Golden-Rowered Gentian. Fl. Aug. Clt. 1823. PI. i to |ft. 



22 G. QUINQUEFLORA (Lin. spec. 333. exclusive of the syno- 

 nymes. Lam. diet. 2. p. 643.) stem tetragonal, branched ; 

 leaves stem-clasping, oval, acute, 3-nerved ; flowers terminal 

 and lateral, 3-5 together, on short pedicels ; corolla tubularly cam- 

 panulate, 5-cleft : throat naked : segments lanceolate, acuminated, 

 with simple plicae ; calycine segments very short, narrow. $ . 

 H. Native from New York to Kentucky, on hills in shady 

 dry places. Willd. spec. 1. p. 1339. Froel. gent. p. 51. Gen- 

 ti&na amarelloides, Michx. fl. bor. amer. 1. p. 175. Pursh, fl. 

 amer. sept. 1. p. 186. Gentiana amarelloides Kentuckensis, 

 Pers. syn. 1. p. 286. Gentiana quinquefolia, Lin. spec. 1. p. 

 333. exclusive of the synonymes. Hippion quinquefolium, 

 Schmidt, in Rcem. arch. 1. p. 11. Flowers small, pale blue, 

 not yellow, as represented by Michaux. Angles of stem mem- 

 branous. 



Five -flowered Gentian. Fl. Aug. Clt. 1824. PI. J to 1 ft. 



23 G. ALEU'TICA (Cham, et Schlecht, in Linnaea. 1. p. 175.) 

 stem tetragonal, obsoletely winged, simple or branched at the 

 base; leaves obscurely 3-nerved: radical ones few, lanceplate- 

 spatulate : cauline and floral ones ovate, stem-clasping ; flowers 

 on short pedicels, and as if they were involucrated by the floral 

 leaves; corolla salver-shaped, 4-cleft ; with a naked throat and 

 lanceolate segments, which are denticulated at the edges : calyx 

 divided, even to the middle, nearly equal : with ovate-lanceolate, 

 acute segments. . H, Native of the island of Unalaschka, 

 in grassy places. Gentiana Unalaschensis, Ledeb. mss. Spreng. 

 syst. 1. p. 856. Plant quite glabrous. Flowers rather small, pale 

 violet. Calycine segments cartilaginously serrulated. 



Aleutian Gentian. PI. to ^ foot. 



24 G. RURIKIA'NA (Cham, et Schlecht, in Linnaea. 1. p. 176.) 

 stem tetragonal, obsoletely winged, branched from the base ; 

 radical and lower cauline leaves lanceolate, acutish, obscurely 

 3-nerved, sometimes spatulate ; flowers on long peduncles; 

 corolla salver-shaped, 4-cleft, with a naked throat, more than 

 twice longer than the calyx : having lanceolate, setaceously 

 acuminated segments ; calyx divided even to the base ; seg- 

 ments unequal : 2 of which are very large. G . H. Native of 

 Behring's Straits, on the shore. Gent, gracilis, Cham, in litt. 

 Canline leaves linear-lanceolate. Branches or peduncles many- 

 flowered. Very like Gent, aurea. 



Runlet's Gentian. PI. i to | foot. 



25 G. UMBELLA'TA (Bieb. suppl. p. 188.) stem tetragonal, 

 branched; leaves ovate-oblong, bluntish, 3-5-nerved; radical 

 ones spatulate ; peduncles terminal, umbellate, involucrated by 

 the 4 superior leaves ; flowers pedicellate ; calycine segments 

 linear-lanceolate, unequal ; corolla subcampanulate, 5-cleft : with 

 ovate-lanceolate, mucronate segments. 0. H. Native of Cau- 



casus and Siberia, in humid places, near rivers. Gentiana aurea, 

 Steven, in mem. soc. mosc. 3. p. 257. Flowers small, pale 

 blue. 



Umbellale-fiovrereA Gentian. Fl. Aug. Clt. 1823. Pl.ift. 



26 G. pRoriNQUA (Richards in Frankl. Journ. ed. 2d. Appen. 

 p. 9,) radical leaves linear, obovate, cauline ones lanceolate, corollas 

 5-cleft, tubularly campanulate : segments subserrated at top : 

 tliroat naked. 0. H. Native of North America. Habit of 

 Euryth&lia pratensis. 



Allied Gentian. PI. | foot. 



3. Corollas tubular, ^-5-cleft, with a naked throat. Stigma 

 sessile. Annual plants, natives of Nipaul. 



27 G. CANALICULA'TA (Royle, mss.) stem erect, branched, 

 bicanaliculate ; leaves sessile, ovate-lanceolate, obtuse, somewhat 

 5-nerved ; calyx 4-5-parted : with obovate, acuminated, mem- 

 branous segments ; corolla tubular, 4-5 -cleft ; throat naked: 

 lobes ovate, acutish. . H. Native of Nipaul. Root sub- 

 fusiform, fibrous. Leaves distinct, not connate at the base. 

 Flowers racemosely panicled, blue ; pedicels bisulcate. Calyx 

 ample. Stamens 4-5, inserted in the sinuses of the corolla ; 

 filaments very short, subulate. Anthers oblong. Capsule ob- 

 long, compressed, bipartite at apex. Seeds spadiceous, convex 

 on one side and engraven on the other. 



Channelled-stemmed Gentian. I'l. \ to 1 foot. 



28 G. PEDUNCULA'TA (Royle, mss.) stem erect, bicanaliculate, 

 branched from the base ; leaves sessile, elliptic-oblong, obtuse, 

 membranous; peduncles elongated, filiform, 1-flowered; caly- 

 cine segments lanceolate, acute, unequal ; corolla tubular : 

 throat naked : lobes oval, obtuse. . H. Native of Nipaul. 

 Root fibrous. Leaves distinct at the base, not connate. Calyx 

 5-parted ; segments foliaceous, unequal. Throat of corolla 

 ciliately bearded inside. Stamens inserted in the tube. Fila- 

 ments channelled. Anthers and ovarium oblong. Stigmas 

 short, obtuse, minutely papillose. Capsule subcylindrical, bifid 

 at apex. Seeds small, roundish, with excavated dots. 



Peduncled-fiowertA Gentian. PI. ^ to i foot. 



29 G. MOORCROFTIA'NA (Wall. cat. no. *4390.) annual, much 

 branched ; leaves lanceolate, obtuse ; flowers large, panicled ; 

 calyx campanulate : with a short tube and long, linear segments ; 

 corolla large, funnel-shaped, with elliptic, obtuse segments, 

 and a naked throat. 0. H. Native from Sirinagur to Luddak. 

 Pedicels long, 1-flowered. Flowers large, showy. 



Moorcrofts Gentian. PI. \ foot. 



4. Anomala. An anomalous species. 



30 G. PINIFOLIA (Ruiz et Pav. in herb. Lamb.) stem solitary, 

 simple, erect, densely leafy ; leaves very narrow-linear, mucro- 

 nulate, much crowded; raceme terminal, erect, thyrsoid ; co- 

 rolla tubular, longer than the calyx, with a glabrous throat, and 

 ovate, acute segments. I/ . F. Native of Peru, on the Cordil- 

 leras of the Andes. Root thick, fusiform. Leaves an inch 

 long. Racemes 2-3 inches long, many-flowered. Flowers 

 fascicled, verticillate. Bracteas lanceolate, membranous. Calyx 

 campanulate ; with lanceolate, acute segments. Ovarium fusi- 

 form, stipitate. Style rather long ; lobes of stigma roundish ; 

 mucronate revolute. Seeds globose, smooth. Habit of a species 

 of Eudoxia. 



Pine-leaved Gentian. PI. -| foot. 



f- Species hardly known, many of nhich are probably syno- 

 nymous with those described above. 



