GENTlANEjE. XIV. PNECMONAXTHE. XV. GLYPHOSPERMCM. 



195 



Gelid Calathian- violet. Fl. June, July. Clt. 1807. PL 

 | foot. 



IIP. SEPTE'MFIDA (Schmidt, 1. c. no. 5.) stems tetragonal, 

 erect, simple ; leaves ovate-lanceolate, obtuse, approximate, 3- 

 nerved ; flowers terminal, 1-7, in a cluster; corolla funnel- 

 shaped, 10 cleft, having the 5 regular segments roundish, mu- 

 cronate ; and the 5 accessory ones jagged ; calyx tubular, 

 5 cleft. If.. H. Native of the mountains of Persia, near 

 the Caspian Sea ; and on the Cherson Alps, in Tauria, and 

 throughout Siberia, in alpine places. Calyx angled, angles 

 ending in lanceolate foliaceous segments. Corolla having the 

 tube almost cylindrical, widening upwards, of a greenish brown 

 colour outside, but dotted inside. Limb azure blue. Filaments 

 dilated in the middle. 



J'ar. a, impuncta'a; limb of corolla without any dots. 3/. H. 

 Gentiana septemfida, Pall. fl. ross. 2. p. 101. t. 92. f. 13. Sims, 

 bot. mag. 1229. Froel. gent. p. 47. no. 16. Willd. spec. 1. p. 

 1333. Bieb. fl. cauc. 1. p. 195. 



Var. fl, punctata ; limb of corolla dotted. It. H. Sims, 

 bot. mag. 14-10. Pneumonanthe septemfida, Schmidt, 1. c. 

 Eurythalia septemfida, Borkh. 



Secen-cIeft-fio-Kered Calatbian-violet. Fl. June, July. Clt. 

 1804. Pl.'-J to If foot. 



12 P. SAPONA'RIA (Schmidt, in Rcem. arch. 1. p. 10. no. 12.) 

 stem terete ; leaves oblong-lanceolate, 3-nerved ; flowers in 

 axillary and terminal fascicles, sessile ; corolla campanulately 

 ventricose, with 5 obtuse, entire segments, and 5 smaller acces- 

 sory fringed ones. If. . H. Native from Canada to Carolina, 

 in low meadows and woods. Gentiana saponaria, Lin. spec. 

 330. Froel. gent. p. 32. no. 8. Sims, bot. mag. 1039. Willd. 

 spec. 1. p. 13J8. Michx. fl. bor. amer. 1. p. 176. Pursh. fl. 

 sept. amer. 1. p. 185. Gent, fimbriata, Vahl. symb. 3. p. 47. 

 Mor. hist. 3. p. 484. sect. 1-2. t. 5. f. 4. Plukn. aim. 186. f. 1. 

 Flowers crowded, fine blue. Segments of corolla broader than 

 long. Capsule fusiform. There is said by Froelich to be a 

 variety of this species collected in Carolina, with a slenderer 

 stem, and lanceolate, membranous, obtuse, 3-nerved leaves, 

 with only one terminal flower to each stem, and having the 

 accessory segments of corolla less toothed. 



Soapwort-like Calathian violet. Fl. Aug. Sept. Clt. 1776. 

 PI. 1-2 feet. 



13 P. CATESB.E V I; stem terete, minutely downy, and some- 

 what scabrous ; leaves short, elliptic-ovate, acute, with scabrous 

 edges; flowers terminal, fasciculate ; corolla 10-cleft, campanu- 

 late, somewhat ventricose or barrel-shaped ; the 5 regular seg- 

 ments acutish, and the 5 accessory ones jagged, y.. H. Native 

 of North and South Carolina, in open grassy places. Gentiana 

 Catesbce'i, Walt. fl. car. 109. Nutt. gen. amer. 6. p. 172. Ait. 

 hort. Kew. ed. 2. vol. 2. p. 112. Gent, saponaria Andr. 

 bot. rep. t. 418. Catesb. car. t. 70. Nearly allied to P. 

 saponaria. Flowers pale blue. Leaves sessile, rounded at the 

 base. 



Catesbys Calathian violet. Fl. Aug. Sept. Clt. 1803. PI. | to 

 1 foot. 



14 P. OCHROLEU'CA ; stem terete, smooth; leaves ovate- 

 lanceolate, smooth, 3-nerved; flowers disposed in sessile, 

 terminal fascicles ; corolla campanulately-ventricose, with 5 

 acute segments, and as many small, simple, acute, accessory 

 ones ; calycine segments longer than the tube of the corolla. 

 It H. Native from Pennsylv ania to Florida, in dry, sandy fields, 

 or gravelly hills. Gentiana ochroleiica, Frcel. gent. p. 35. no. 9. 

 Willd. spec. 1. p. 1338. Sims, bot. mag. 1551. Pursh, fl. sept, 

 amer. 1. p. 185. Gent, villosa, Lin. spec. 330. Frosl. gent. p. 

 36.no. 10. Willd. spec. 1. p. 1338. Gentiana saponaria, Walt, 

 fl. car. p. 109. Michx. fl. bor. amer. l.p. 176. Pneuroonanthe 

 villosa, Schmidt, in Roem. arch. 1. p. 10. no. 13. Plukn. aim. 



t. 186. f. 1. Grov. vir. p. 145. Flowers yellowish-green out- 

 side, but blue and striped with purple inside. Capsule ovate. 



Cream-coloured flowered Eurythalia. Fl. Aug. Sept. Clt. 

 1803. PI. 1 foot. 



15 P. INTERMEDIA; stems erect; leaves obovate-oblong, 

 3-nerved ; flowers terminal, aggregate ; calyxes foliaceous, 

 unequal ; corolla ventricose, barrel-shaped, 10-cleft; the 5 acces- 

 sory segments small and simple, as in P. ochrolfiica. If.. H. 

 Native of Virginia. Gent, intermedia, Sims, bot. mag. 2303. 

 Corolla barrel-shaped, as in P. ochroleiica, P. saponaria, P.gelida, 

 P.frigida,Sfc. Accessory segments simple and bifid. Anthers 

 distinct. Calyx and corolla now and then 6-cleft. Corolla more 

 or less whitish green outside, changing more or less to violet, 

 internally streaked with violet. 



Intermediate Calathian violet. Fl. Oct. Clt. 1820. PL 

 | foot. 



1 6 P. IXCARNA'TA ; flowers aggregate, terminal, barrel-shaped, 

 with an unequally jagged border ; leaves oval ; petioles decur- 

 rent. li.H. Native of North America. Gentiana incarnata, 

 Sims, bot. mag. 1856. Corolla pale blue at the base, limb 

 white, tinged with green. Nearly allied to P. saponaria and 

 P. ochroleiica, especially with the latter. 



flowered Calathian violet. Fl. Oct. Clt. 1812. 



PL | foot. 



Cult. The species of this genus are all handsome border 

 flowers ; and P. acaulis is well fitted for edgings to borders. 

 They all grow best in a peat border ; and are increased by divi- 

 sion of the root, and by seed. Some of the rarer species may 

 be grown in pots, and placed among other alpine plants. 



XV. GLYPHOSPE'RMUM (from yXvfu, glypho, to en- 

 grave, and <nr[>/!ia, sperma, a seed ; seeds beset with excavated 

 dots). D. Don, mss. Gentiana species, Ruiz et Pav. in herb. 

 Lamb. 



LIN. STST. Polygamia, Dioecia. Flowers polygamous. Calyx 

 5-cleft. Corolla tubular, with a 5-cleft limb and a naked throat. 

 Stamens inserted in the throat of the corolla ; filaments alto- 

 gether adnate to the tube ; anthers incumbent ; cells loose at 

 the base, and diverging. Ovarium fusiform, compressed, 1 -celled, 

 2-valved ; style hardly any ; stigma capitate, 2-lobed ; lobes 

 very short, revolute, pruinose. Capsule membranous, 1-celled, 

 dehiscing at apex, many seeded ; placentas 2, very narrow ; 

 seeds round, rust coloured, full of excavated dots, disposed in 

 a simple order. Small, much branched, shrubs. Branches terete, 

 scabrous, from papillae. Leaves opposite, decussate, petiolate, 

 lanceolate, coriaceous, with serrulated margins. Flowers copious, 

 racemosely panicled at the tops of the branches ; corollas small, 

 violaceous. Flowers sometimes smaller and female with the 

 rudiments of stamina ; sometimes larger and hermaphrodite, on 

 distinct plants. This genus has the habit of Mitrasacme, with 

 scabrous branches. 



1 G. VIOLA'CEUM (D. Don, mss.) branches scabrous from 

 papillae ; leaves lanceolate, mucronate. Jj . S. Native of 

 Peru. Gentiana violacea, Ruiz et Pav. mss. ex herb. Lamb. 

 Calycine segments lanceolate, mucronate, 3-nerved. Corolla 

 twice longer than the calyx ; lobes roundish, crenulated. 



Fioiaceotw-flowered Glyphospermum. Shrub \\ foot. 



2 G. ORNA^TTJM (D. Don, mss.) branches glabrous ; leaves 

 ovate-oblong, obtuse. Tj . S. Native of Peru, at Guayaquil, 

 Tafalla. Branches subtetragonal. Flowers larger than those 

 of the first species, violaceous ? Calycine segments ovate- 

 lanceolate. Corolla twice longer than the calyx : with flat, 

 roundish, quite entire lobes. 



Decked Glyphospermum. Shrub Ij foot. 

 Cult. For culture and propagation see Tachia, p. 1 97. 

 cc 2 



