GENTIANE.E. XXXVIII. SABBATIA. XXXIX. LISIASTHDS. 



207 



ing ; peduncles elongated, sub-fastigiate : calyxes winged, with 

 linear segments, which exceed the 5-parted corolla. Q. H. 

 N.;tive of North America, in the open prairies of the Arkansas, 

 and red river. Plant bitter. Stem and branches angular. Pe- 

 duncles forming a loose corymb. Leaves acute, 3-5-nerved. 

 Corollas rose-coloured, size of those of S. angularis; the seg- 

 ments obovate, and the base marked by a 5-rayed, greenish star. 

 Field Sabbatia. Fl. June, July. PI. 1 foot. 



5 S. CALTCOSA (Pursh, 1. c. p. 138.) erect, leafy; leaves ob- 

 long-oboval ; flowers solitary, with usually a 5-7-parted limb ; 

 calyx foliaceous, exceeding the corolla : with broad oblanceolate 

 segments. $ . H. Native from New York to Carolina, 

 in wet meadows, Sims, bot. mag. 1600. Chironia dichotoma, 

 Walt. fl. car. 95. ? Bartram, icon. ined. t. 10. in the Banksian 

 Library. Chironia calycosa, Michx. fl. bor. amer. 1. p. 147. 

 Corolla large, rose-coloured, with obovate segments. Calyx 

 in volucra- formed. 



Calycose Sabbatia. Fl. Ju. Aug. Clt. 1812. PI. 1 foot. 



6 S. CHLOROIDES (Pursh, 1. c.) weak; leaves lanceolate, erect ; 

 branches few, 1 -flowered ; corollas 7-13-parted, large; calycine 

 segments linear, shorter than the corolla. $ . H. Native from 

 New York to Carolina, in bogs. Chironia chloroides, Michx. fl. 

 bor. amer. 1. p. 147. Chironia dodecandra, Walt. fl. car. p. 

 95. Chlora dodecandra, Lin. syst. p. 299. Willd. spec. 2. p. 

 341. Stem decumbent or weak. Corollas large, rose-coloured, 

 with oblong segments. 



Chlora-ltke Sabbatia. Fl. Aug. Sept. Clt. 1817. PI. de- 

 cumbent. 



7 S. PASICCLA'TA (Pursh. 1. c.) erect ; leaves lanceolate- 

 linear ; panicle many-flowered, bracteate, sub-fastigiate ; caly- 

 cine segments subulate, thrice shorter than the corolla ; stem 

 tetragonal. If.. F. Native of New Jersey and Carolina, in 

 bogs and cedar swamps. Chironia paniculata, Michx. fl. bor. 

 amer. 1. p. 146 Swertia diflormis, Lin. spec. p. 328. Mill, 

 diet. no. 2. Willd. spec. 1. p. 1330. Flowers white, with ob- 

 long segments. Lower leaves sometimes ovate-lanceolate : su- 

 perior ones subulately setaceous. 



Var. a, latijolia (Pursh, 1. c.) leaves short-ovate; panicles 

 few-flowered. ^. H. Chironia lanceolata, Walt. fl. car. p. 95. 



/ ar. f), angustifblia (Pursh, 1. c.) leaves linear ; panicle co- 

 rymbose, many-flowered. 3 . H. 



Panic fcif-flo"wered Sabbatia. Fl. July, Aug. Clt. 1817. PI. 

 1| foot. 



8 S. AISTRA'LIS (Cham, et Schlecht. in Linnaea, 1. p. 194.) 

 erect ; stem quadrangular ; angles winged ; leaves linear-lan- 

 ceolate, 3-nerved ; peduncles elongated, 1 -flowered; calycine 

 segments 3-nerved, acute, the middle nerve keeled, equal in 

 length to the tube of the corolla ; segments of corolla lanceolate, 

 acuminated. . F. Native of Brazil, in the province of Cis- 

 platine. Plant glabrous. Lower leaves obovate, obtuse, the 

 rest linear-lanceolate, with revolute edges. Plant often 1 or 2 

 flowered ; or terminated by a few-flowered panicle. Corolla 

 white, salver-shaped, with a 5-cleft limb. Anthers twisted. 

 Stigmas bipartite, flat, at length elongated, and more or less 

 twisted. Capsule half 2-celled. Seeds wrinkled. 



Southern Sabbatia. PI i to 2 feet. 



t Species not sufficiently known. 



9 S. AM<E NA ; erect ; leaves linear-lanceolate, acute ; flowers 



nninal ; calyx length of corolla, which is rotate ; stem terete, 

 itomous. $ . H. Native of Maryland, Delaware, New 

 ersey. Chironia araoa'na, Rafn. in Desv. journ. bot. 1. p. 224. 

 Perhaps the same as S. grdcilu. 

 Pleasant Sabbatia. PI. 1. foot. 



10 S. CTMOSA; erect; leaves lanceolate, obtuse ; cymes ter- 

 minal ; corolla longer than the calyx ; stem tetragonal : angles 

 membranous ; calycine segments linear-obtuse. $ . F. Native 



of Carolina. Chironia cymosa, Lam. ill. 1. p. 479. no. 2178. 

 Poir. suppl. 2. p. 234. Leaves as if they were truncate at the 

 base ; upper ones almost linear ; radical ones ovate-roundish, 

 petiolate ; and the bracteas linear, ex Poir. Perhaps the same 

 as S. angularis, or S. paniculata, var. a, latifotia. 



Cyma*e-flowered Sabbatia. PI. 1 foot. ? 



Cult. The species of Sabbatia are very elegant plants, when 

 in blossom, and are therefore worth cultivating in every collec- 

 tion. The seeds should be sown thinly in pots, in the same way 

 as recommended for the species of Erythraea ; but the pots re- 

 quire to be placed in shallow pans of water, the species being 

 natives of marshes and bogs. 



Sub-tribe IV. 



LISLVNTHE Ji (this sub-tribe agrees with the genus Lisian- 

 thus, in the capsule being 2-ceIled, and in the anthers being 

 changed in the old state.) Capsule 2-celled, in consequence of 

 the margins of the valves being bent into the central column ; 

 margins of valves placemiferous. Anthers changed in the old 

 state. 



XXXIX. LISIA'NTHUS (from Xv<nc, lysis, dissolution; 

 and avSof, anthos, a flower ; a name given to the plant, 

 on account of medical virtues possessed by it, of dissolving 

 humours, being a powerful cathartic.) Browne, jam. p. 

 157. t. 9. f. 1. Schreb. gen. no. 274. Lin. suppl. 135. 

 mant. p. 6. Juss. gen. 142. Aubl. guian. 1. p. 204. Gaertn. 

 fruct. suppl. 1. p. 23. t. 183. H. B. et Kunth, nov. gen. amer. 

 3. p. 180. Mart. nov. gen. bras. 2. p. 92. Ruiz, et Pav. fl. 

 per. 2. p. 114. Cuilumia, Sal. par. lond. under no. 34. 



LIN. SYST. Pentdndria, Monogynia. Calyx campanulate, 5- 

 cleft; segments erect, with membranous, diaphanous, and in- 

 cumbent edges. Corolla funnel-shaped, marcescent ; tube unequal, 

 on one side, or ventricose above ; limb equal, 5-cleft ; throat 

 beardless or naked. Stamens 5, rather unequal, ascending; anthers 

 sagittate, fixed by the base, for the most part revolute, especially 

 in the dried state. Style elongated ; stigma bilamellate. Cap- 

 sule 2-celled, 2-valved, many-seeded ; margins of valves in- 

 flexed, placentiferous. Seeds angular. Herbaceous or suflruti- 

 cose, erect, glabrous plants. Roots perpendicular. Stems sub- 

 tetragonal, simple or divided at top. Leaves decussately oppo- 

 site, sessile, or on short petioles ; petioles usually more or less 

 combined into a short sheath, quite entire, usually marginated, 

 3-5-nerved. Flowers axillary, among the superior leaves, or 

 terminal, racemose ; racemes bifid, with a flower in the fork, or 

 dichotomous or panicled. Corollas of various beautiful colours. 

 Pedicels continuous with the calyx, bracteolate, sub-opposite. 

 Inhabitants of tropical America, in fields and alpine pastures. 

 1. Flowers blue or purple. 



1 L. ALPE'STRIS (Mart. nov. gen. bras. 2. p. 95. t. 171.) stem 

 finely 4-winged ; leaves ovate-orbicular, obtuse, marginate ; 

 flowers solitary, axillary, drooping; calycine segments ovate, 

 acutish ; corolla campanulately tubular, with ovate, orbicular, 

 acutish segments. . S. Native of Brazil, in the mine pro- 

 vinces, in pastures, on the mountains, particularly between Villa 

 da Campanha and Villa Rica. Corolla pale violet, above an inch 

 long. Leaves 1 or 1^ inch in diameter. 



Alp Lisianthus. Fl. Jan. Feb. PI. 1 to 1| foot. 



2 L. FE'NDCLCS (Mart. 1. c. 2. p. 94.- 1. 172.) leaves oblong, 

 acute, sessile at the bottom of the stem, and running down it ; 

 stem tetragonal, submarginate ; racemes terminal, on long pe- 

 duncles ; calycine segments acuminated ; corolla campanulately 

 funnel-shaped : with deep, oblong, acute, erectish segments. 

 Q. S. Native of Brazil, on mountains, near Villa Rica, and St. 

 Joao del Rey. Leaves 1 to 1 \ inch long. Corollas 1 1 inch long, 

 of a beautiful, pale violet. The roots are very bitter, and are 

 used in decoction by the natives as a febrifuge. 



Pendulous Lisianthus. PI. 1-2 feet. 



