BIGNONIACEyE. XXV. CRESCENTIA. XXVI. TAN^CIUM. XXVII. TRIPINNARIA. PEDALINEJE. 



233 



5 C. ALA V TA (H. B. et Kunth, 1. c. p. 158.) unarmed ; leaves 

 3 together, all ternate ; or the middle one of the three is ternate, 

 and the lateral ones simple ; common petioles broadly winged. 

 ^ S. Native of Mexico, in very hot places, near Acapulco. There 

 are prickle-formed tubercles, which rise from the same point as 

 the leaves. Leaves 3, from the axil of each tubercle ; middle 

 leaf ternate, on a long petiole ; lateral ones simple, smaller, and 

 sessile. Simple leaves obovate- oblong, obtuse ; leaflets of the 

 ternate ones oblong, obtuse, acutish at the base. Flowers scat- 

 tered, size of those of Cobce'a scandens, on short pedicels, pale 

 red, reticulately veined. Fruit globose, 4-6 inches in diameter, 

 ex Bonpl. 



JFj'nged-petioled Calabash tree. Tree 20 to 30 feet. 



Cult, The species of Crescentia grow well in a mixture of 

 loam, peat, and sand ; and ripened cuttings will strike root in 

 sand, under a hand-glass, in heat. The trees require to be so 

 large before they come to a flowering state, that it is not likely 

 they will ever be brought to blossom in this country. 



XXVI. TAN^E'CIUM (from rayar/Kne, tanaekes, long; stems 

 elongated.) Schreb. gen. no. 1024, and p. 834. Swartz. prod, 

 p. 91. fl. ind. occ. 2. p. 1049. Crescentia species of authors. 

 Tripinnaria species, Spreng. gen. 2. p. 506. 



LIN. SYST. Didynamia, Angiosperma. Calyx tubular, trun- 

 cate, entire. Corolla with a long, cylindrical tube, a wide 

 throat, and an erectly spreading, 5-cleft, nearly equal limb ; 

 the 2 upper segments approximating, less divided, nearly upright; 

 the 3 lower spreading, a little reflexed. Stamens 4, nearly 

 equal in length, with the rudiment of a fifth ; anthers 2-lobed. 

 Stigma 2-lobed. Berry large, pedicellate, globular or oblong, 

 2-celled. Seeds oblong, angular, nestling in the pulp. Climb- 

 ing shrubs, natives of Brazil. Leaves alternate, simple, or binate, 

 ternate, glabrous. 



1 T. PARISITICUM (Swartz, prod. 92. fl. ind. occ. 2. p. 1053.) 

 leaves ovate, coriaceous ; stem climbing, shrubby, radicant. ^ . 

 ^j. S. Native of Jamaica and Caraccas. Jacq. hort. schoenbr. 

 1. p. 61. t. 115. Brown, jam. 262. Leaves shining. This 

 plant sustains itself by the help of the neighbouring trees, 

 or is found spreading on the ground, if it does not meet with 

 support. 



Parasitical Tanaecium. Fl. ? Clt. ? Shrub climbing. 



2 T. JAROBA (Swartz, prod. 92. fl. ind. occ. 2. p. 1050.) lower 

 leaves ternate : superior ones twin ; tendrils from the tops of 

 the petioles, between the leaflets ; stem scandent. fj . w . S. 

 Native of Jamaica, most common between St. Elizabeth's and 

 Westmoreland. Brown, jam. 267. Sloan, jam. 207. hist. 2. p. 

 173. Jaroha Marcg. bras. 25. Pis. bras. 173. Flowers white. 

 This species climbs to the tops of the loftiest trees, and along 

 their tops. 



Jaroba Tanaecium. Shrub cl. 



Cult. For culture and propagation see Bignbnia, p. 222. 



XXVII. TRIPINNARIA (so named, from the leaves of one 

 of the species being tripinnate.) Spreng. gen. 2. p. 506. Tri- 

 pinnia, Lour. coch. 391. 



LIN. SYST. Didynamia, Angiosperma. Calyx unequally 5- 

 cleft, or 5 crenate, campanulate, or cup-shaped. Corolla funnel- 

 shaped, or sub-campanulate, with a widened throat, and a 5-cleft 

 spreading limb ; segments ovate, undulated, villous, upper ones 

 the largest. Stamens 4, didynamous, about equal in length to 

 the corolla, with the rudiment of a fifth. Stigma bifid, acute or 

 bilamellate. Berry large, fleshy, 1 -celled, filled with pulp. 

 Seeds oblong, compressed, nestling in the pulp. Large trees, 

 with pinnate or tripinnate, alternate leaves. Flowers racemose, 

 terminal. 



1 T. ASIA'TICA (Spreng. syst. 2. p. 842.) leaves tripinnate, 



VOL. IV. 



acuminated; racemes terminal. Tj . G. Native of Cochinchina, 

 in woods on the mountains. Tripinna tripinnaria, Lour. coch. p. 

 391. A large tree, with spreading branches. Leaves glabrous. 

 Flowers yellowish, disposed in terminal, corymbose racemes. 



Asiatic Tripinnaria. Tree large. 



2 T.? AFRICA'NA (Spreng. syst. 2. p. 842.) leaves pinnate ; 

 leaflets oblong, serrated ; flowers lateral from the trunk, 

 fj . S. Native of Mozambique. Crescentia pinnata, Jacq. coll. 

 3. p. 203. t. 18. Tanae'cium pinnatum, Willd. spec. 3. p. 312. 

 A large tree. Calyx unequally 5-cleft. Corolla funnel-shaped, 

 purple inside; having the tube dilated above ; segments of the 

 limb ovate, acute. Stamens 4, didynamous, with the rudiment 

 of a fifth. Berry size of a man's head. 



African Tripinnaria. Clt. 1824. Tree large. 



Cult. For culture and propagation see Crescentia, above. 



ORDER CLIX. PEDALI'NE^ (this order contains plants 

 agreeing with the genus Pedulium in important characters.) R. 

 Br. prod. p. 519. Sesameae, Kunth, syn. 2. p. 251. Marty- 

 niaceae, Link, handb. 1. p. 504. 



Calyx divided into 5 nearly equal parts (f. 23. a.). Corolla 

 monopetalous, hypogynous, irregular, having the throat ventri- 

 cose, and the limb bilabiate. Stamens 4, didynamous, inclosed; 

 with the rudiment of a fifth (f. 23. 6.). Ovarium girded by a 

 glandular disk at bottom, of many spurious, 1-2-seeded cells. 

 Style simple ; stigma undivided. Fruit drupaceous, dry, usu- 

 ally muricated (f. 23. c.), with several cells formed by the 

 splitting of 2 placentas, and the divergence of their lobes as in 

 the ovarium. Seeds pendulous, erect or horizontal, with a 

 papery testa. Albumen none. Embryo straight. Herbaceous 

 plants ; with opposite leaves ; and axillary, bibracteate flowers. 



This order Jitters from Bignoniacea, in the seeds being usually 

 definite and wingless ; in the woody, parietal-lobed placentas, 

 which spread and divide variously inside the pericarpum, so as 

 to produce a 4-8-celled fruit, out of a 1 -celled ovarium. 



The leaves of Sesamum are emollient ; its seeds contain an 

 abundance of fixed oil, as tasteless as that of olive oil, for which 

 it might be substituted, and which is expressed in .Egypt in 

 great quantities. The fresh leaf of Pedalium mitrex, when agi- 

 tated in water, renders it mucilaginous, in which state it is 

 prescribed by the Indian doctors, in cases of dysuria, &c. 



Synopsis of the genera. 



1 SE'SAMUM. Capsule oblong, compressed, tetragonal, 4- 

 celled, 2-valved ; dissepiment contrary to the valves, bipartite. 

 Seeds numerous, imbricated in one row in each cell. 



2 MARTY V NIA. Drupe oblong, bicornute at apex, the ante- 

 rior horn sulcately- toothed, containing a 4-celled nut ; cells 

 few- seeded. 



3 CRANIOLA'RJA. Drupe ovate, containing a 4-celled, woody 

 nut, which is furnished with 2 short horns at apex. Seeds 4 in 

 each cell, but often solitary. 



4 JOSEPHINIA. Lobes of stigma bifid. Drupes prickly, con- 

 taining a 4-8-celled nut ; cells 1 -seeded. Seeds erect. 



5 PEDA'LIUM. Drupe ovate, 4-cornered (f. 23. c.), the cor- 

 ners furnished each with a thorn towards the base (f. 23. d. c.), 

 containing a 2- celled, 4-winged, corky nut. Seeds pendulous, 

 2 in each cell. 



H H 



