PEDALINE.. II. MARTTNIA. III. CRAXIOLARIA. IV. JOSEPHINIA. V. PEDALIDM. 



235 



265. Martynia Capensis, Glox. obs. p. 13. Stem erect, sca- 

 brous. Leaves 3-nerved. In place of bracteas at the base of 

 the peduncles, there is a pedicellate gland. Tube of corolla 

 very long. Corollas purplish. 



Lons^flon-ercd Martynia. Fl. July, Ang. Clt. 1781. PI. 2 feet. 



3 M. DIA'NDRA (Glox. obs. p. 14. t. 1. Jacq. schoenbr. 3. 

 p. 21. t. 289.) stem branched ; leaves opposite, lobed, cordate at 

 the base ; stamens 4, 2 of them sterile. () G. Native of 

 Mexico, at Vera Cruz ; and near Campeche. Andr. bot. rep. 

 575. Iff. angulosa, Lam. diet. 2. p. 112. Martynia reliq. 

 Houst. p. 5. t. 10. M. annua, Lin. spec. ed. 1. syst. ed. 10. 

 Martyn. cent. 42. t. 42. Erhert. pict. t. 1. f. 5. phil. trans. 38. 

 no. 427. p. 3. Stem reddish. Leaves villous and viscid. 

 Flowers thyrsoid, in the forks of the stem, drooping. Corolla 

 with a white tube, tinged with purple, and spotted with red and 

 yellow ; limb pale red, with a shining purple spot at each seg- 

 ment : upper lip reflexed. 



Diandrous Martynia. Fl. July, Aug. Clt. 1731. PI. 2 feet. 



4 M. LU'TEA (Lindl. bot. reg. t. 934.) stem branched, clothed 

 with glandular down ; leaves opposite, cordate-orbicular, 

 toothed, clothed with glandular down ; beaks much longer than 

 the pericarp. Q. H. Native of Brazil. Calyx involucrated 

 by 2 bracteas. Corolla large, funnel-shaped, orange-yellow, 

 clothed with blood-colour inside. 



IW/ow-flowered Martynia. Fl. Aug. Clt. 1825. PI. 1 to 2 feet. 



5 M. ZANQUEBA'RICA (Lour. coch. 386.) stem procumbent ; 

 leaves pinna ti fid, pilose ; flowers axillary, solitary ; beaks of 

 capsule secund. |j . S. Native of Zanzibar. Leaves petio- 

 late, pilose. Flowers pale purple. Calyx pilose, with lanceolate, 

 nearly equal, deciduous, expanded segments. Corolla ringent, 

 with a large, roundish, gibbous tube, and a short limb ; upper 

 lip trifid, obtuse, the middle segment emarginate ; the lower lip 

 ovate, longer, entire. Fruit bisulcate on both sides, 4-beaked, 

 4-celled, 1 -seeded, 2-valved. 



Zanzibar Martynia. Shrub procumbent. 



Cult. The seeds of the species should be reared on a hot-bed, 

 as other tender annuals ; and when transplanted into other 

 pots, they should be kept in the hot-house or green-house 

 until the seed is ripened. A light rich soil suits them best. 



III. CRANIOLA'RIA (from upaviov, kranion, a skull ; 

 some resemblance in capsule.) Lin. gen. no. 868. Juss. gen. ed. 

 Usteri, p. 156. H. B. et Kunth, nov. gen. amer. 3. p. 153. 

 Martynia species of authors. 



LIN. SYST. Didynamia, ^ngibsperma. Calyx campanulate, 

 spath-formed, 5-toothed, cleft on one side, bracteate at the base. 

 Corolla funnel-shaped, with a very long tube, a campanulate 

 throat, and a bilabiate limb ; upper lip bifid ; lower one tri- 

 fid : the middle lobe the broadest. Stamens 4, didynamous, 

 with the rudiment of a fifth. Stigma bilamellate. Drupe 

 ovate, acute, containing a 4-celled, woody nut, which is fur- 

 nished with 2 short horns at apex. Seeds 4 in each cell, or 

 often solitary, ovate, a little compressed, wingless. Villous, 

 clammy herbs. Leaves opposite, 5-lobed. Flowers racemose 

 from the forks of the branches, or axils of the leaves, or tops of 

 the branches. Corollas white, with a painted throat. 



1 C. A'XNUA (Lin. mant. 417. syst. 417. Jacq. amer. 1 73. 

 t. 110. Nees, et Mart, in act. bonn. 11. p. 68.) stems annual, 

 branched ; leaves cordate, palmate, toothed ; tube of corolla 

 longer than the calyx, which is bibracteate. O . G. Native of 

 the tropical parts of America. Martynia craniolaria, Swartz, 

 obs. 2.30. Glox. obs. p. 14. Willd. spec. 3. p. 262. Martynia 

 spathacea, Lam. diet. 2. p. 212. Erhr. pict. t. 1. f. 2. Corolla 

 white. The natives of Venezuela prepare from the dried roots 

 of this plant a bitter and cooling drink. 



Annual Craniolaria. Fl. July, Aug. Clt. 1733. PI. 1 to 2 feet. 



2 C. UNIBRACTEA'TA (Nees, in Mart. nov. act. bonn. 11. p. 

 67.) stem perennial, branched ; leaves cordate, rather angular, 

 toothed ; tube of corolla length of calyx, which is unibracteate. 

 1. S. Native of Brazil, about Cachuera, and at Rio das 

 Contas. Holoregmia viscida, Mart, in bot. zeit. 1821. 1. p. 300. 

 bras, reise. 2. band. p. 239 and 344. Martynia spathacea, 

 Spreng. syst. add. p. 338. Leaves a hand broad. Flowers 

 disposed in long, simple racemes from the tops of the branches. 

 Corolla pale sulphur-coloured, having the bottom painted with 

 purple dots. Plant canescent. 



Unibracteate Craniolaria. PL 4 to 5 feet. 



Cult. The seeds and plants of C. annua should be treated in 

 the same manner as those of the species of Martynia. Cran. 

 unibracteata should be treated like other common perennial 

 stove plants ; and it may either be increased by seeds or 

 cuttings. 



IV. JOSEPHI'NIA (named in honour of the Empress Jose- 

 phine, a great patron of botany and gardening.) Vent. malm. 

 p. 67. t. 67. R. Br. prod. p. 520. Blum, bijdr. 779. 



LIK. STST. Didynamia, Angiosperma. Calyx 5-parted, equal. 

 Corolla with a short tube, a large campanulate throat, and a 5- 

 lobed, spreading, bilabiate limb; upper lip semi-bifid ; lower one 

 trifid : the middle segment the longest. Stamens 4, didynamous, 

 with the rudiment of a fifth ; anthers free. Stigma bifid ; the seg- 

 ments emarginate, or semi- bifid ; therefore the stigma is commonly 

 called 4-cleft. Drupe dry, prickly, falsely 4-8-celled, opening 

 at top, by 2-4 holes ; cells 1- seeded ; seeds erect. Radicle 

 anterior. Diffuse herbs. Leaves opposite, entire. Peduncles 

 axillary. Flowers purplish. 



1 J. IMPERATRJCIS (Vent. malm. p. 67. t. 67. mem. de 1'inst. 

 sc. phys. 1806. 1. sem. p. 71.) ovariura 4-5-celIed ; leaves lan- 

 ceolate-elliptic, acute, downy beneath, as well as the stem ; calyx 

 equal. . G. Native of New Holland, on the west coast. 

 Baudin. Leaves ovate-cordate, ex Vent. Flowers pale pink, 

 dotted, like those of Cat6lpa syringcefolia, ex Vent. 



Empress's Josephinia. Fl. ? Clt. ? PI. 2 to 3 feet. 



2 J. GRANDIFLORA (R. Br. prod. p. 520.) ovarium 8-celled ; 

 leaves lanceolate, acuminated, downy beneath ; stem glabrous ; 

 upper segment of calyx one half shorter than the rest ; lower 

 segment of corolla more than twice the length of the rest. . 

 S. Native of New Holland, within the tropic. Flowers pur- 

 plish. 



Great-Jlonered Josephinia. Shrub ? 



3 J. CELE'BICA (Blum, bijdr. 779.) ovarium 8-celled ; leaves 

 oblong-lanceolate, downy ; peduncles shorter than the petioles ; 

 drupes tomentose ; calyx equal. Jj . S. Native of the Celebes, 

 in woods. 



Celebes Josephinia. Fl. Aug. Sept. Shrub. 



Cult. For culture and propagation, see Martynia, above. 



V. PEDA'LIUM (from irqSaXioy, pedaUon, the rudder of a 

 ship ; in reference to the dilated angles of the fruit.) Lin. gen. 

 no. 794. Schreb. gen. no. 1065. Rottb. in coll. hafn. 2. p. 

 255. Gaertn. fruct. 1. p. 276. t. 58. Juss. gen. 140. ed. Us- 

 teri. 156. Murex. Lin. fl. zeyl. 440. 



LIN. SYST. Didynamia, Angiosperma. Calyx 5-parted (f. 

 23. a.) ; the upper segment very short ; and the lowest longest. 

 Corolla with a 3- cornered tube, a widened campanulate throat, 

 flat beneath, and a 5-lobed, sub-bilabiate limb. Stamens 4, didy- 

 namous, with the rudiment of a fifth (f. 23. &.); filaments pilose 

 at the base. Anthers twin, cruciate, terminated by a gland. 

 Stigma bifid, revolute. Drupe dry, ovate-conical (f. 23. c.), 4- 

 cornered, the corners thorny on the angles (f. 23. c. d.}, con- 

 taining a 2-celled, 4-winged, corky nut; cells 2-seeded ; seeds 

 pendulous, arillate, one above the other : there is an empty cell 

 H H 2 



