BORAGINE/E. I. BORAGO. II. TRACHYSTEMON. 



309 



in the characters given). D. Don in Edinb. phil. journ. July, 

 1832. Corolla deeply parted, with pointed segments. Stamens 

 exserted. Inflorescence diffuse. Nuts 4, 1-celled, 1-seeded, 

 distinct. 



SUBTRIBE I. 



BORA'GEJ:. Nuts fixed to the bottom of the calyx. Corolla 

 rotate ; throat furnished with vaulted processes. 



I. BORA' GO (altered from Cor, the heart, and ago, to 

 effect ; in reference to cordial qualities of Borago). Tourn. 

 inst. t. 53. Lin. gen. no. 188. Schreb. 248. Juss. gen. p. 131. 

 ed. Usteri. p. 146. Lehm. asper. p. 2. Lam. ill. t. 94. f. 1. 

 Schkuhr, handb. t. 31. Boraginoides, Boerh. p. 88. Cynoglos- 

 soides, Isnard, act. gall. 1718. t. 10. 



LIN. SYST. Ptntdndria, Monogynia. Corolla rotate; 

 throat furnished with emarginate vaulted processes. Anthers 

 distinct, oblong or lanceolate, awned, fixed by the inner side, 

 conniving into a cone. Nuts 4, 1-celled, turbinate, fixed to the 

 bottom of the calyx. Rough plants, with fusiform roots ; ob- 

 long or lanceolate leaves, and blue, panicled, drooping flowers. 



1 B. OFFICIKA'LIS (Lin. spec. 197.) lower leaves obovate, 

 attenuated at the base ; segments of the limb of the corolla 

 ovate, acute, spreading. . H. This plant came originally 

 from Aleppo, but is now naturalized in most parts of Europe. 

 It is now to be found in England, on dunghills and heaps of 

 rubbish frequently. Smith, engl. bot. t. 36. St. Hil. pi. ft. 1. t. 

 58. Sturm, fl. germ. fasc. icon. Plenck. icon. t. 77. Blackw. 

 t. 36. Sabb. hort. 2. t. 20, 21. Mor. hist. 437. sect. 11. t. 26. 

 f. 1. Plant hispid from pili, glaucous. Upper cauline leaves 

 oblong, sessile, sub-cordate at the base. Corolla blue or purple, 

 and sometimes white. Nuts ovate oblong, obtuse, ribbed on the 

 inner side ; ribs denticulated. Borage was formerly in great 

 request, being reckoned one of the four cordial flowers. " Very 

 light, surely," says an ingenious author, " were those sorrows 

 which could be driven away by borage." Yet Borage flowers 

 are at least innocent, which is more than can be said of many 

 other general remedies for care. The whole herb is succulent, 

 and very mucilaginous, having a peculiar faint smell when 

 bruised. The juice affords a true nitre. The plant is now 

 seldom taken inwardly. The young tender leaves may be used 

 as salads, or as a pot herb. 



Offcinal Borage. Fl. June, Sept. Britain. PI. 1 to \\ foot. 



2 B. CRASSIFOLIA (Vent. hort. eels. p. 100. t. 100.) leaves 

 lanceolate, acute, fleshy ; segments of the limb of the corolla 

 unequal, linear-lanceolate, spreading. 3. H. Native of 

 Persia. Willd. enum. 1. p. 1S5. Lehm. asp. p. 203. Stems 

 ascending, glabrous, and as if they were articulated or nodose. 

 Leaves glaucous, muricated from hooked prickles on the edges 

 above, but glabrous beneath, except on the nerves. Flowers 

 solitary or racemose, purplish, erect at first. 



Thick- leaved Borage. Fl. Ju. July. Clt. 1822. PI. 1 to 2 feet. 



3 B. LOSGIFOLIA (Desf. fl. all. 1. p. 162. t. 44.) leaves linear- 

 lanceolate ; segments of the limb ovate, acute, spreading. 

 If-. H. Native of Numidia, in humid places. Willd. spec. 1. 

 p. 777. Lehm. asp. p. 204. Root branched, woody. Stem 

 hispid from yellow retrograde pili. Leaves scabrous above, 

 and downy beneath . cauline ones half stem-clasping. Flowers 

 disposed in a terminal bracteate panicle. Pedicels and calyxes 

 hairy. Segments of the calyx linear, much longer than the 

 corolla. Corolla blue. Nuts oblong, smooth, obtuse. 



Long-leaved Borage. Fl. July, Aug. Clt. 1825. PI. 1 foot. 



4 B. LAXIFLORA (D. C. fl. fr. 6. p. 422.) leaves oblong ; seg- 

 ments of the limb of the corolla ovate, bluntish, erectly spread- 

 ing. I/. H. Native of Corsica. Horn. hort. hafn. 1. p. 181. 

 Lehm. asp. p. 203. Anchusa laxiflora, Poir. suppl. 1. p. 736. 

 D. C. syn. no. 2728. Sims, bot. mag. t. 1798. Stems decum- 

 bent, many from the same root, hispid from retrograde bristles. 



Leaves rough from strigae ; radical ones rosulate ; cauline ones 

 half stem-clasping. Flowers on long pedicels, racemose, nutant. 

 Pedicels and calyx pilose. Corolla fine blue. Nuts turbinate, 

 wrinkled. 



Loose-fonered Borage. Fl. May, Aug. Clt. 1813. PI. dec. 



Doubtful species. 



5 B. MACRANTHE'RA (Russel, beschr. aleppo2. p. 151.) leaves 

 lanceolate, ciliated ; calyxes ciliated, shorter than the tube of 

 the corolla ; anthers unequal. 3. H. Native about Aleppo. 



Long-anthered Borage. 



6 B. ? VERRUCOSA (Forsk. fl. aegypt. p. 41.) warts of 

 leaves furnished with stiff pungent bristles : calyx prismatic. 

 If.. 1 . H. Native of Arabia. Anthers terminated by a long 

 bristle. Seeds flat, emarginate, serrated. 



Warted-leated Borage. PI. 



Cult. Plants of the easiest culture, requiring hardly any care. 

 Most of them are very pretty border flowers. They are always 

 increased by seed, which should be sown in the open ground. 



II. TRACHYSTE'MON (from rpaxe, trachys, rough, and 

 <TTT)HUV, slemon, a stamen.) D. Don, in edinb. phil. journ. July, 

 Oct. 1832. Borago species, Lin. and Smith. 



Lis. SYST. Pentdndria, Monogynia. Corolla rotate ; throat fur- 

 nished with short, emarginate processes. Anthers distinct, oblong, 

 pointless, incumbent ; filaments long, hairy. Nuts 4, 1-celled, 

 fixed to the bottom of the calyx, imperforated at the base. 

 Rough plants, with tuberous or fusiform roots, and copious 

 drooping blue flowers. 



1 T.ORIESTA V LIS (D. Don, I.e.) lower leaves cordate; segments 

 of the limb of the corolla revolute, pilose outside at the apex. 

 If. . H. Native about Constantinople, and in woods about Bel- 

 grade. Borago orientalis, Lin. spec. 197. Sabb. hort. 2. t. 22. 

 Smith, fl. graec. t. 175. Ker. bot. reg. 288. Mill, icon 1. 

 t. 68. Borago cordifolia, Moench. meth. suppl. p. 275. Kern, 

 abbild.t. 118. Tourn. itin. 2. t. 13. Buxb. cent. 5. p. 16. t. 30. 

 Root tuberous, and black outside. Stem hispid from retrograde 

 pili, paniculately branched at top. Leaves hispid, broad ; radical 

 ones on long petioles; the uppermost cauline ones ovate-lanceo- 

 late, narrowed at the base, and nearly sessile. Flowers copious, 

 on long pedicels, purplish-blue, disposed in conjugate racemes 

 at the ends of the branches, bracteate. Processes in the throat 

 of the corolla, white, short, blunt, emarginate. 



Oriental Trachystemon. Fl. March, May. Clt. 1752. 

 PI. 1 to 2 feet. 



2 T. CRE'TICUM ; lower leaves ovate ; segments of the limb 

 of the corolla linear, revolute, glabrous. If. . H. Native of the 

 islands of Candia and Zante, and on Mount Athos. Borago 

 Cretica, Willd. spec. 1. p. 778. Desf. cor. Tourn. in ann. mus. 

 10. p. 428. t. 34. Sibth et Smith, fl. graec. t. 176. Tourn. 

 cor. inst. p. 6. Lehm. asp. p. 200. Root fusiform. Stems 

 beset with stiff hairs. Leaves pilose, with crenately undulated, 

 subciliated edges, 3-4 inches long; superior leaves rearly sessile. 

 Flowers white, or very pale blue, with rose-coloured stamens, 

 and yellow anthers, pedicellate, disposed in loose, terminal, con- 

 jugate racemes ; processes of the throat subulate. Filaments 

 naked. 



Cretan Trachystemon. Fl. Ap. Ju. Clt. 1823. PI. \\ foot. 



Cult. These are plants of easy culture, but do best in a 

 shady rather dry situation. They are easily increased by dividing 

 at the root, or by seed. 



SUBTRIBE II. 



RINDE'RE*. Nuts or carpels fixed to the central column. 

 This, with subtribe II. Cynoglossece, of tribe Buglossete, might 

 with propriety form a distinct tribe, to be called Cynvglosset?, 

 from the attachment of the carpels. 



