322 



BORAGINE^E. XV. LITHOSPERMUM. 



sides about Bayonne. Lapeyr. abr. p. 86. Lehm. asper. p. 

 300. Stems pilose, branched ; branches canescent from dense 

 pili. Leaves sessile. Flowers axillary, distant, sessile, disposed 

 in terminal leafy spikes on the older branches. Calyx densely 

 pilose, canescent, with subulate segments. Corolla bluish pur- 

 ple, size of those of L. purpureo-cceruleum, downy outside. 

 Stigma emarginate. 



Prostrate Cromwell. Fl. May, June. Clt. 1825. Shrub 

 prostrate. 



4 L. FRUTicbsuM (Lin. spec. 190.) stem shrubby, erect, 

 much branched ; leaves linear, bluntish, with revolute edges, 

 strigosely hispid, hoary beneath ; tube of corolla twice as long 

 as the calyx. ^ . H. Native of the south of Europe ; and at 

 Algiers. Desf. fl. all. 1. p. 155. Smith, prod. fl. graec. 1. p. 

 114. Lapeyr. abr. p. 86. D. C. syn. fl. fr. no. 2717. Lehm. 

 asper. p. 301. Lois. fl. gall. 1. p. 105. Hoffm. et Link, fl. 

 port. 1. p. 170. t. 21. L. fruticosum, /3, rosmarinifolium, Pers. 

 syn. 1. p. 158. Barrel, icon. 1168. obs. 143. Garid. aix. p. 

 68. t. 15. Alp. exot. p. 69. t. 68. Branches hairy, scabrous. 

 Leaves sessile, deep green above. Flowers distant, axillary, dis- 

 posed in 5-6-flowered, terminal, leafy racemes. Calyx pilose, with 

 linear segments. Corolla of a violet blue colour. Anthers be- 

 yond the throat. Stigma obtuse. Nuts ovate, hispid, shining, 

 brown when ripe. 



Var. />, major (Lehm. asper. p. 302.) corolla 3 times as long 

 as the calyx ; stamens about equal in length to the corolla. ^ . 

 H. Native of Naples, in Goat's Island ; and the Islands in the 

 Grecian Archipelago, on the mountains. L. rosmarinifolium, 

 Tenore. syn. fl. neap. p. 33. no. 20. Lindl. bot. reg. 1736. 

 L. fruticosum, Smith, fl. graec. t. 161. This variety differs 

 from the species in the larger form, longer and broader, more 

 crowded leaves, and in the corollas being much larger. 



Shrubby Gromwell. Fl. May, June. Clt. 1683. Shrub 1 

 to Ij foot. 



5 L. CILIA V TUM (Forsk. desc. p. 39. Vahl. symb. 1. p. 

 14.) stem sufFruticose, erect, branched, muricately hispid 

 above ; leaves cordate-ovate, hoary, with callous, setosely cili- 

 ated edges. T/i . F. Native on the banks of canals near 

 Cairo. Willd. spec. 1. p. 755. Lehm. asper. p. 314. 

 Branches dichotomous, white. Leaves thick, half stem-clasp- 

 ing. Calycine segments lanceolate. Corolla violaceous, longer 

 than the calyx. Nuts small, black. Spikes lateral, half an 

 inch long. 



Ciliated-leaved Gromwell. Shrub \ to 1 foot. 



6 L. CALLOSUM (Vahl. symb. 1. p. 14.) stem sufFruticose, 

 branched, hispid ; leaves lanceolate-linear, obtuse, callosely 

 warted, strigose, very hispid ; bracteas setosely ciliated. >j . 

 F. Native about Cairo, in deserts. Willd. spec. 1. p. 754. 

 Lehm. asper. p. 315. L. angustifolium, Forsk. descr. p. 39. 

 icon. vol. 2. t. 16. f. 2. Stem covered with white bark, villous 

 below, and hispid above. Leaves sessile, canescent while young. 

 Flowers disposed in terminal racemes. Calyx hispid, with linear, 

 ciliated segments. Corolla twice as long as the calyx ; tube vil- 

 lous, red ; limb violaceous, white in the middle, fading to blue ; 

 segments ovate, acutish. Nuts ovate, acute. 



Var. /3, nii-cum (Poir. suppl. 2. p. 836.) stems very white, 

 with deciduous bark ; leaves small, ovate-lanceolate. fj . F. 



CW/os-tubercled Gromwell. Shrub f to 1 foot. 



7 L. ARNE'BIA (Lehm. asper. p. 316. Rcem. et Schultes, 

 syst. 4. p. 45.) stems herbaceous ; leaves linear-lanceolate, ob- 

 tuse, pilosely hispid ; spikes solitary, terminal, secund ; bracteas 

 lanceolate. O-H. Native of Egypt. Arnebia tinctoria, Forsk. 

 descr. p. 62 63. L. tinctorium, Vahl, symb. 2. p. S3. t. 28. 

 Willd. spec. 1. p. 752. but not of Lin. L. tetrastigma, Lam. 

 ill. no. 1790. Pers. ench. 1. p. 158. Root fusiform, red. Stems 

 simple, pilosely hispid, as well as the whole plant : lateral ones 



decumbent : middle ones erect. Leaves sessile : radical ones 

 2 inches long : cauline ones 1 inch. Calycine segments linear, 

 bluntish. Corolla longer than the calyx, blue, with a filiform 

 tube. Nuts obcordately triangular, smooth, shining. Segaret 

 el arneb is the Arabic name of the plant. 

 Arnebia Gromwell. PI. \ foot. 



8 L. MI'NIMUM (Moris, clench, sard, ex Linnaea, 5. p. 93.) 

 hispid ; stem erect, a little branched ; leaves oblong-linear : 

 lower ones spatulate ; tube of corolla hairy, almost twice as long 

 as the calyx. Q. H. Native of Sardinia, in arid pastures by 

 the sea side. Corolla blue, with a yellow throat. 



Least Gromwell. Fl. March, April. PI. ^ foot. 



2. Flowers white or pale yellow. 



9 L. AGGREGA'TUM (Ruiz, et Pav. fl. per. 2. p. 4.) stem her- 

 baceous, prostrate, branched ; leaves opposite, ovate, obtuse, 

 wrinkled. () H. Native of Peru, on the hills of Tarma and 

 Huanuco. Lehm. asper. p. 313. Plant downy. Root fusiform. 

 Leaves on short petioles. Flowers aggregate, nearly sessile, 

 secund, small, white. Nuts 2, ovate, smooth. 



dggregate-fiowered Gromwell. PI. prostrate. 



10 L. LINEA'TUM (Lehm. asper. p. 312.) stem herbaceous, 

 erect, branched ; lower leaves obovate, obtuse : superior ones 

 broad-lanceolate, hairy, subciliated, lined ; tube of corolla twice 

 as long as the calyx. % . H. Native country unknown. Stem 

 woody at the base, branched, scabrous, hairy. Lower leaves 

 3-4 inches long, all lined above, with a rudiment of a branch in 

 nearly the axils of all. Racemes terminal, leafy, at first nutant. 

 Calyx hairy, with unequal linear segments. Corolla pale yel- 

 low ; tube downy ; throat furnished with 5 obtuse, glandular 

 protuberances. Stigma capitate. Nuts hispid, shining, beset 

 with impressed dots and lines. 



Lined-fruited Gromwell. Fl. July, Aug. Clt. 1826. PI. 1 

 to Ij foot. 



11 L. OFFICINA'LE (Lin. spec. p. 189. fl. suec. ed. 2d. p. 159.) 

 stems herbaceous, terete, erect, much branched ; leaves broad- 

 lanceolate, acute, veiny, very scabrous ; tube of corolla length of 

 calyx, y.. H. Native of Europe, Asia, and North America, 

 on way sides, among bushes ; also in waste places, in dry, gra- 

 velly, or chalky soil. In Britain it is found but sparingly in 

 some woods. Smith, engl. bot. t. 131. Oed. fl. dan. t. 1084. 

 Bieb. fl. cauc. 1. p. 121. Sturm, fl. germ. fasc. 5. icone. Lehm. 

 asper. p. 310. Svensk, bot. t. 177. Hayne, term. bot. t. 21. f. 

 3. Woodv. med. bot. p. 134. t. 213. Plenck. icon. t. 75. 

 Sabb. hort. rom. 2. t. 29. Ludw. ect. 147. Lob. stirp. t. 542. f. 

 2. Hall. helv. no. 595. Root fibrous. Stem setosely sca- 

 brous. Leaves sessile, deep green above, and paler beneath. 

 Flowers on short pedicels, solitary, axillary, disposed in leafy 

 elongated racemes during florescence. Calyx hairy, with linear- 

 lanceolate segments. Corolla pale yellow ; throat furnished with 

 5 erect gibbae. Nuts hispid, shining, white, hard ; whence they 

 have been celebrated in ancient times as a cure for the stone, 

 without the least shadow of reason. 



Far. (3, lalifblium (Lehm. asper. p. 311.) seeds turgid, 

 ovate, shining, beset with pitted dots all over ; fructiferous 

 calyx spreading, exceeding the corolla ; leaves ovate-oblong, 

 nerved. If. . H. Native from Virginia to Kentucky, in shady 

 woods. L. latifolium, Michx. fl. bor. amer. 1. p. 130. Pursh, 

 fl. amer. sept. 1. p. 131. L. officinale, /3, majus, Willd. spec. 

 1. p. 751. Sabb. hort. rom. 2. t. 29. Flowers pale yellow. 



Officinal Gromwell, or Grey Mill or Millet. Fl. May, Aug. 

 Britain. PI. 1| to 2 feet. 



12 L. SCA V BRUM (Thunb. in Schrad. journ. 1806. p. 44. prod, 

 fl. cap. p. 34.) stem herbaceous, angular, strict, branched ; leaves 

 narrow-lanceolate, with revolute margins, scabrous from papillae 

 above, rather hairy beneath ; tube of corolla hardly longer than 



