364 



BORAGINE^E. XXXV. HELIOTROPIUM. XXXVI. PIPTOCLAINA. XXXVII. TIARIDIUM. 



corolla. Stigma bifid. Seeds 4, naked. Calyx small, 5-cleft. 

 Perhaps a species of Verbena. 



Tetrandrous-fiowered Heliotrope. PI. 1 foot. 



N.B. In Salt's trav. in abys. p. 475, tbere are 3 species 

 enumerated, but without any diagnosis. 1. H. cinereum, R. 

 Br. 2. H. ellipticum, R. Br. and H. clubium, R. Br. 



Cult. Several of the species of Heliotr opium, or Turnsole, 

 are valued on account of the fragrance of their blossoms, so 

 that a few of them are to be met with in almost every collection 

 of plants. The shrubby and perennial kinds thrive in any kind 

 of rich, light soil ; and young cuttings of them root readily 

 under a hand-glass. The European annual species should be 

 treated as other hardy annuals, by sowing the seeds in the 

 open ground : the tropical species, like other tender annuals, by 

 being reared on a hot-bed, and afterwards planted out. 



XXXVI. PIPTOCLA'INA (from mnrta, piplo, to fall ; and 

 cXaiva, klaina, a cloak ; in reference to the calyx being decidu- 

 ous.) Heliotropium, species of authors. 



LIN. SYST. Pentandria, Monogynia. Calyx tubular, 5- 

 toothed, deciduous. Corolla salver-shaped ; throat furnished 

 with a tooth between each of the segments. Stamens inclosed. 

 Stigma simple. Carpels solitary, or 4, 1-celled. Diffuse or 

 canescent annual plants. Leaves petiolate, alternate. Flowers 

 disposed in solitary, or twin spikes. 



1 S. MALABA'RICA ; stems herbaceous, depressed ; leaves 

 ovate, plicate, entire, clothed with hoary tomentum on both 

 surfaces, pilose ; spikes lateral and terminal, generally solitary ; 

 calyx large, deciduous in the fruit-bearing state. Q. H. Native 

 of Malabar. Heliotropium Malabaricum, Retz. obs. 4. p. 24. 

 Willd. spec. l.p. 742. Lehm. asper. p. 48. H; Europse'um, Forsk. 

 descr. p. 38. H. Europae'um, var. Malabaricum, Burm. ind. 

 p. 40 ?. Plant soft to the touch. Spikes sometimes conjugate. 

 Corolla white, longer than the calyx. Carpels rugose, glabrous. 

 Calycine teeth short, connivent. 



Malabar Piptoclaina. PL trailing. 



2 S, SUPINA ; stems herbaceous, decumbent ; leaves oval, 

 obtuse, plicate, with the margins a little reflexed, and obsoletely 

 crenulated, hoary beneath, villous ; spikes generally solitary, 

 seldom conjugate, usually lateral ; calyx closed, deciduous in 

 the fruit-bearing state. 0. H. Native of Portugal, South of 

 France, Islands of the Archipelago, Barbary, Arabia, and the 

 Cape of Good Hope. Heliotropium supinum, Lin. spec. 187. 

 Lehm. asper. p. 48. Gouan. hort. monsp. p. 17. t. 1. Desf. 

 fl. atl. 1. p. 152. Sibth et Smith, fl. graec. t. 157. Lapeyr. 

 abr. suppl. 27. D. C. fl. fr. no. 2706. Thunb. fl. cap. prod, 

 p. 33. Hoffm. et Link. fl. port. 1. p. 167. Heliotropium 

 humifusum, flore minore, &c. Tourn. cor. p. 7. voy. 1. p. 342. 

 t. 23. Mor. hist. 3. sect. 11. t. 31. f. 10. Stems many from 

 the same root, hairy, canescent. Calycine teeth linear. Corolla 

 with a yellow tube, length of the calyx, and a short white 

 limb ; segments of the limb reniform, intersected by teeth, which 

 hardly close the throat. Carpels scabrous, solitary, ths other 3 

 being abortive. 



Trailing Piptoclaina. Fl. June, July. Clt. 1640. PI. 

 trailing. 



Cult. This species of the genus being annuals, the seeds only 

 require to be sown on a hot-bed in spring, and about the end of 

 May the plants should be planted out in the open border, 

 in a sheltered situation. 



XXXVII. TIARI'DIUM (from rtapa, tiara, a Persian dia- 

 dem ; and EI&JC, eidos, like ; in reference to the form of the 

 capsule.) Lehm. asper. p. 13. Blum, bijdr. 845. Heliotro- 

 pium species of authors. 



Lm. SYST. Pentandria, Monogynia. Calyx 5-cleft, or 5- 

 parted. Corolla salver-shaped ; tube angular ; throat coarc- 

 tate, 5-rayed ; segments of the limb undulated. Style very 

 short. Stigma capitate. Carpels 4, 2-celled, mitre-formed, acu- 

 minated, cohering, closed at the base, without any manifest 

 receptacle. Plant with the habit of Heliotropium. 



\ T. I'NDICUM (Lehm. asper. p. 14. Blum, bijdr. p. 846.) 

 stem herbaceous, erect, hairy ; leaves ovate-cordate, acuminated, 

 hairy at the base ; tube of corolla twice as long as the calyx. 

 O- H. Native of both Indies and North America, in rather 

 dry places. Heliotropium I'ndicum, Lin. spec. 187. Swartz. 

 obs. p. 54. Willd. spec. 1. p. 740. Willd. enum. l.p. 174. 

 Pursh. fl. arner. sept. 1. p. 130. Horn. hort. hafn. 1. p. 172. 

 Michx. fl. bor. amer. 1. p. 129. Sims bot. mag. t. 1837. 

 Heliotr6pium cordifolium, Mocnch. meth. p. 415. Sabb. hort. 

 rom. 2. t. 34. Mor. hist. 3. sect. 11. t. 28. f. 1. Plukn. phyt. 

 245. f. 4. Plant scabrous. Stem branched. Leaves running 

 into the petioles at the base, 3 inches long, and 2 broad, sub- 

 serrate. Spikes terminal, solitary, hairy, reflexed at first. 

 Calycine segments rather unequal. Corolla with a white tube, 

 a cream-coloured throat, and a lilac or bluish limb. In spon- 

 taneous specimens of this plant the leaves are nearly opposite, 

 and the spikes terminal ; but in cultivated specimens the leaves 

 are often alternate, and the spikes conjugate. " Nuts 2- 

 celled," ex Cham, in Linruvu. 



Indian Tiaridium. Fl. June, July. Clt. 1820. PI. 1 to 2 

 feet. 



2 T. ANISOPHY'LLUM ; stem branched, hardly villous ; leaves 

 petiolate, ovate-lanceolate, glabrous, nearly entire, opposite, or 

 alternate, unequal at the base ; spikes solitary, terminal, and 

 axillary. O- H. Native of Guinea, on the gold c'oast. Helio- 

 tropium anisophyllum, Beauv. fl. d'ow. 2. t. 94. Flowers white. 



Unequal-leaved Tiaridium. Fl. June, July. Clt. 1823. PI. 

 1 foot. 



3 T. VELUTINUM (Lehm. asper. p. 15. Blum, bijdr. 846.) 

 stem erect, herbaceous, villous ; branches decumbent ; leaves 

 ovate, bluntish, undulated, canescent on both surfaces, velvety ; 

 tube of corolla a little longer than the calyx, villous outside. 

 Q. H. Native of the East Indies. In Java this and T. I'ndi- 

 cum are called Bunta-tikus. Bena-patsja, Rheed. mal. 10. p. 95. 

 t. 48 ?. Leaves opposite, petiolate, obsoletely crenulated on 

 the margins, hoary from tomentum while young, running ob- 

 liquely into the petioles at the base. Spikes lateral and terminal, 

 pilose, solitary, revolute before florescence. 



Velvety Tiaridium. Fl. June, July. Clt. 1820. PI. 1 foot. 



4 T. ELONGA'TUM (Lehm. asper. p. 18.) stem suffruticose, 

 decumbent ; leaves rhomb-lanceolate, acuminated, hairy ; tube 

 of corolla thrice as long as the calyx, hairy outside. Jj . G. 

 Native of Brazil, in sandy places. Heliotropium elongatum, 

 Willd. herb. no. 3228. Stem woody at the base, herbaceous 

 and hairy at top. Leaves tapering into the petioles at the base, 

 obsoletely crenulated. Spikes lateral and terminal, solitary, 

 very long, pedunculate at first, revolute. Calycine segments 

 incurved. Carpels 1-celled, ex Cham, in Linnaea, 4. p. 452. 



Elongated-spiked Tiaridium. Shrub decumbent. 



5 T. HELIOTROPIOI'DES (Cham, in Linnaea, 4. p. 453.) shrubby, 

 beset with adpressed pili ; leaves nearly opposite and attenuate, 

 broad, lanceolate, acute at both ends, strigose above, downy be- 

 neath ; tube of corolla exceeding the calyx. I; . G. Native of 

 the South of Brazil, Sello. Heliotropium tiaridioides, Cham, 

 in Linnaea, 4. p. 453. Leaves 2j to 4 inches long, and 1 to 1-J 

 broad. Spikes twin at first, terminal, bractless. Calycine seg- 

 ments narrow, acute. Corolla downy outside. Stigma conical. 

 Fruit divisible into two 2-celled parts. 



Heliotrope-like Tiaridium. Shrub 1| foot. 



