SOLANACE.fi. I. SOLANUM. 



409 



Link's Nightshade. Fl. ? CIt. 1824. Shrub 3 to 4 feet. 



34 S. CORYMBOSIM (Jacq. coll. 1. p. 78. icon. rar. t. 40.) 

 stem suffruticose ; leaves ovate-lanceolate, entire, or a little 

 lobed ; racemes cymose, opposite the leaves ; corollas 5-parted. 

 J? . S. Native of Peru, in cultivated places, through the pro- 

 vinces of Lima and Chancay. Dun. mon. 142. S. corymbife- 

 rum, Gmel. syst. 384. S. parviflorum, Nocca, in Usteri, ann. 

 6. p. 61. Vittm. summ. suppl. 283. Habit of S. Dulcamara. 

 Branches some erect, and some weak and procumbent, angular. 

 Leaves glabrous, fetid. Racemes 2-3-4-cleft. Corolla small, 

 blue, or violaceous, 5-cleft. Berry of a reddish orange colour, 

 size of a pea. 



Corymbose-flowered Nightshade. Fl. July, Aug. Clt. 1 786. 

 Shrub 2 to 3 feet. 



35 S. CIRRHOSCM (Dun. syn. p. 9. sol. ed. 2d. ined. t. 91. 

 H. B. et Kiintli, nov. gen. 3. p. 24.) shrubby, scandent, ten- 

 drilled ; leaves oblonar, entire, or 3-lobed, acuminated, glab- 

 rous : middle lobe large : racemes terminal, panicled. fj . w . 



Native near Cumana, in shady places. S. salignum, Willd. 

 rel. ex Roem. et Schultes, syst. 4. p. 663. Habit of S. Dulca- 

 mara. Shrub glabrous. Tendrils spirally revolute, extra-axil- 

 lary. Leaves entire, ternate, or 3-lobed. Flowers rose-co- 

 loured, size of those of S. nigrum. Calyx small, angularly 

 5-toothed. Stamens sometimes 6. 



2'endrillfd Nightshade. Shrub climbing. 



36 S. DCLCAMA'RA (Lin. spec. p. 264.) shrubby, scandent, 

 flexuous ; leaves ovate-cordate : superior ones jagged ; corymbs 

 almost opposite the leaves. Ij . lw( . H. Native of Europe, 

 Asia, and North America, in hedges and among bushes; plenti- 

 ful in Britain. Smith, engl. bet. t. 565. Pursh. fl. amer. sept. 

 1. p. 156. Curt. fl. lond. 1. t. 14. Fl. dan. t. 607. Bull, 

 herb. t. 23. Reit. et Abel, t. 72. Dreves et Heyne, t. 60. 

 Guimpel. t. 12. Plenck, off. t. 119. Svensk. hot. t. 20. 

 Woodv. med. bot. 97. t. 33. Sav. mat. med. p. 47. t. 14. 

 Stev. et Church, med. bot. icone. S. scandens, Neck, gallob. 

 119. Dulcamara flexuosa, Moench. meth. p. 514. Sol. scan- 

 dens seu Dulcamara, Tourn. inst. p. 149. Amara dulcis, 

 Gerard, emac. 350. Dulcis amara, Trag. 816. Gh-cipicros 

 seu Dulcamara, Bauh. hist. 2. p. 109. icone. La Morelle. Grim- 

 pante, Regnault bot. icone. Shrub glabrous. Leaves cordate : 

 superior ones hastate, all quite entire. Corymbs panicled. 

 Corolla violaceous, with reflexed segments, each segment fur- 

 nished with 2 green spots at the base. Berries elliptic, red. 

 The roots and stalks of this, the Woody Nightshade, upon being 

 chewed, first cause a sensation of bitterness, which is soon 

 followed by a considerable degree of sweetness ; whence it 

 has obtained the names of Dulcamara, or Bitler-sieeet. The 

 berries excite vomiting and purging. Floyer says, thirty of 

 them killed a dog in less than 3 hours, remaining undigested on 

 the stomach. As they are common in hedges, and may be 

 mistaken by children for red currants, this circumstance is the 

 more worthy of notice. In such a case it is advisable to pour 

 down as much warm water as possible, to dilute the poison, and 

 provoke vomiting. The old botanists recommend the plant as 

 a medicine in many diseases. Ray informs us, that the inhabi- 

 tants of Westphalia make use of a decoction of the whole plant 

 as their common drink with success against scurvy. Boerhaave 

 says, it is a medicine far superior to China and Sarsaparilla, 

 as a sweetener and restorative : and Linnaeus, that an infusion 

 of the young twigs is an admirable medicine in acute rheuma- 

 tisms, inflammations, fevers, and suppression of the lochia. 

 Dr. Hallenberg advises it in ischiatic and rheumatic pains, jaun- 

 dice, scurvy, and lues venerea. They direct a pint of boiling 

 water to be poured upon 2 drachms of the stalks, sliced and 

 dried ; after standing half an hour it must be boiled 10 or 15 

 minutes. The dose is 2 tea-cups full or more morning and 



VOL. IV. 



evening. Murray and Bergius regard it as promoting all se- 

 cretions. Dr. Cullen says, " We have only employed the slen- 

 der twigs, but some parcels of these were very mild, and most 

 others considerably acrid. In the latter state we have employed 

 a decoction of these in the cure of rheumatism sometimes with 

 advantage, but at other times without effect. The Dulcamara 

 is inserted in the catalogue of diuretics, but this property it 

 hardly, if at all, possesses. The twigs when gathered in autumn 

 or spring will be most powerful ; if used dry a somewhat 

 larger dose must be taken. The plant is generally given in 

 decoction or infusion, and to prevent it exciting vomit it should 

 be diluted with milk : small doses also are recommended at the 

 beginning, for large ones have been found to produce convulsion, 

 delirium, and palsy of the tongue, ex Woodv. 



far. a, riolaccum ; corollas violaceous. Hort. eyst. p. 385. 

 t. 384. no. 3. 



Far. ft, album ; corollas white. Lin. fl. suec. p. 66. 



Far. f, cdrneum ; corollas flesh-coloured. Cels. ups. 32. 

 Lin. fl. suec. 1. c. 



Far. , plenum ; corollas double. Tourn. inst. 1 49. Hort. 

 eyst. 1. c. 



Far. t, rarifgatum ; leaves variegated. Munt. fig. 156. 

 Tourn. inst. 149. 



Far. T), hirsutum ; plant hairy, or downy. Flowers violaceous. 

 On the sea-coast. 



Far. , rupestre (Schmidt, fl. boh. p. 96.) stem erect ; leaves 

 ovate, quite entire ; racemes few-flowered, dichotomous. Na- 

 tive of Bohemia. 



Bitter-stteel, or Woody Nightshade. Fl. June, July. Britain. 

 Shrub climbing. 



37 S. KIESERILZKII (Meyer, verz. pfl. p. 113.) stem shrubby, 

 unarmed, erect; leaves nearly glabrous, scattered, petiolate, 

 ovate-oblong, quite entire, acuminated, attenuated at the base ; 

 racemes lateral, few-flowered ; segments of corolla 5, reflexed, 

 each marked with 2 spots at the base. Jj . H. Native of 

 Caucasus, in woods near Lenkeron. 



Kieserilzla's Nightshade. Shrub. 



38 S. PE'RSICCM (Willd. mss. Ledeb. fl. alt. 1. p. 837.) stem 

 terete, scandent ; leaves rather downy, ovate-lanceolate, cordate, 

 quite entire ; racemes cymose, lateral, glabrous ; corolla 5- 

 parted ; berries ovate. fy . ,_,. H. Native of Persia, and of 

 Siberia, frequent on the banks of rivers and rivulets, in humid 

 places near Uimon and Barnaoul. S. Dulcamara, Patrin, fl. 

 bam. ined. Similar to S. Dulcamara in habit, inflorescence, 

 flowers, and berries ; but the leaves are always entire, never 

 hastate or auricled. Calyx 5-toothed. Corolla pale violet. 

 Berries red. 



Persian Woody Nightshade. Shrub climbing. 



39 S. TEGORE' (Aubl. guian. 1. p. 212. t. 84.) shrubby, very 

 hairy ; lower leaves pinnatifidly sinuated : upper ones cordate. 



Jj . S. Native of Guiana, in cultivated places near the habi- 

 tations of the natives. Dun. sol. p. 142. syn. p. 10. Lower 

 leaves large, with acute lobes : upper ones smaller. Flowers 

 small, greenish, corymbose in the forks of the branches. Berry 

 yellowish, globose, size of a filbert. Tegore is the native 

 name. 



Tegore Nightshade. Fl. June, July. Clt. 1823. Shrub 5 

 to 6 feet. 



40 S. LYRA'TUM (Thunb. jap. p. 92.) stem herbaceous, erect, 

 tomentose, as well as both surfaces of the leaves : lower leaves 

 lyrate : superior ones hastate. 1. G. Native of Japan, near 

 Nagasaki, where it is called Fijodori Diogo by the natives. 

 Dun. sol. p. 143. Segments of the leaves nearly opposite, 4 

 or more, entire : the terminal one larger. Flowers panicled, 

 axillary, and terminal. Panicles sub-dichotomous. 



Zyrate-leaved Nightshade. PI. 

 3 G 



