432 



SOLANACE&. I. SOLANUM. 



prickly on the midrib ; peduncles lateral and terminal, few- 

 flowered ; flowers reflexed, quadrifid, tetrandrous. Tj . S. 

 Native of Cochinchina, in fields and hedges. Dun. sol. p. 207. 

 syn. p. 38. Nees, in Lin. trans. 17. p. 58. Habit of S. tri- 

 lobatum. Corolla small, pale violet, with lanceolate, obtuse seg- 

 ments. Berry red, size of a pea, smooth, globose. 



Procumbent Nightshade 1 . Shrub procumbent. 



281 S. LICHTENSTE'INII (Willd. enum. 1. p. 239. Dun. sol. 

 p. 207. syn. p. 38.) stem prickly, shrubby, scandent ; leaves 

 oblong-cordate, sinuately angular, tomentose, white beneath, 

 prickly on the middle nerve on both surfaces. T^ . ^,. G. Na- 

 tive of the Cape of Good Hope. Fruit size and colour of those 

 of Capsicum dnnuttm. Leaves in the young plants 4 inches long, 

 green above. Perhaps belonging to a different section. 



Lichtensteiri 's Nightshade. Shrub climbing. 



SUBSECT. IV. MELONGENA (altered from the Arabic name of 

 the Egg-plant, bydendjan, ex Forsk. p. 63.) Tourn. inst. p. 

 152. Peduncles shorter than the leaves, sometimes solitary and 

 1 -flowered, but usually bifid below : the lower pedicel rising from 

 the stem, and bearing a fertile flower, drooping after florescence; 

 the other part of the peduncle bearing many usually sterile 

 flowers ; in the fertile flower the calyx is prickly, and increasing 

 after florescence ; and the style is longer than the anthers ; in 

 the sterile floner the calyx is unarmed, or hardly at all prickly, 

 and the style is as long as the fllaments. Corollas quinqucfld, 

 undulately plicate. Berry 2-3-celled ; placentas 2-3, convexo- 

 concave, flxed to the axis on both sides of dissepiment of the 

 intermediate longitudinal lamina. Leaves sinuated, angular, or 

 loled. 



282 S. MELONGE'NA (Lin. syst. 1. p. 188. Wall. cat. no. 

 2628. Nees, in Lin. trans. 17. p. 48.) herbaceous, woody at 

 the base, perennial, clothed with stellate tomentum ; leaves 

 ovate, unequal at the base, angularly sinuated ; flowering pedun- 

 cles reflexed ; fertile peduncle solitary : sterile one racemose ; 

 calyx campanulate, with linear-lanceolate segments ; corolla an- 

 gular. O- S. Native of the East Indies, and Arabia ? Leaves ca- 

 nescent from stellate tomentum, but most so beneath. Calyx 

 C-9-cleft. Corolla large, violaceous, 6-9-cleft, marked by a 

 yellow star inside, tomentose outside ; segments broad, acute. 

 Stigma 4-5-cleft. Berry large, smooth, shining, shape of an 

 egg, blunt and umbilicate at apex, white ; cells vanished ; pla- 

 centas fleshy, white, as well as the seeds, which are small and 

 compressed. 



Var. a, oi'igerum ; stem, leaves, and calyxes unarmed, or almost 

 so. Q. S. S. ovigerum, Dun. sol. 210. Blum, bijdr. p. 698. 

 S. melongena, Lin. syst. 1. p. 188. Murr. syst. 1. p. 183. 

 Roxb. fl. ind. 2. p. 248. Lour. coch. 1. p. 161. S. pseudo- 

 undatum, Blum, bijdr. 699. S. pubescens, Herb. madr. ex 

 Wall. cat. S. melongena, var. ovigera, Lam. ill. no. 2348. 

 Pers. ench. 1. p. 221. Melongena ovata, Mill. diet. no. 1. 

 Melongena Blackw. t. 549. Lob. icon. 1. p. 2688. Chun- 

 da, Rheed. mal. 2. p. 69. t. 37. Mor. hist. sect. 13. t. 2. 

 Melongena A'rabum, Chab. 524. with a figure. Mala in- 

 sana, Ger. hist. 345. with a figure, &c. Plante a oauf of 

 the French ; Mad-apple of the English. There are several 

 sub-varieties of this, differing principally in the colour of 

 the fruit. 1. Berries violaceous. Melongena fructu oblongo 

 violaceo, Tourn. inst. p. 151. 2. Berries white. Melongena 

 fructu oblongo albo, Tourn. 1. c. 3. Berries yellow. Melon- 

 gena fructu oblongo luteo, Tourn. 1. c. 4. Berries of a beau- 

 tiful red colour. Melongena fructu oblongo suave rubente, 

 Tourn. 1. c. 



Var. ft, esculentum ; stem, leaves, and calyxes, more or less 



prickly. Q. S. S. esculentum, Dun. sol. p. 208. S. Melon- 

 gena, Lin. spec. p. 266. Lour. coch. 1. p. 161. Plenk. off. t. 

 123. S. insanum, Lin. mant. p. 46. Willd. spec. 1. p. 1047. 

 Moench, meth. 474. Nila Barudena, Rheed. mal. 10. p. 147. 

 t. 74. Plukn. aim. p. 550. t. 220. f. 3. Trongum hortense, 

 Rumph. amb. 5. t. 85. Fockii is the name in Java. Auber- 

 gene, Melongene, Mayenne, Verangeane of the French ; Egg- 

 plant of the English. There are several varieties of this, differ- 

 ing in the colour, and shape, and size of the fruit. 1. Berries 

 white. Trongum puti, Rumph. 2. Berry oblong-terete, viola- 

 ceous. Melongena fructu oblongo violaceo, Sabb. hort. rom. p. 

 13. t. 65. exclusive of the syn. of Tourn. Melongena fructu 

 tereti violaceo, Tourn. inst. p. 152.? Melanzana, Besl. hort. 

 eyst. ord. 1. f. 1. fol. 3. Melongene, Lab. voy. en. espag. t. 5. 

 p. 165. ex Berg. mat. nied. 1. p. 142. Aubergine, Regn. hot. 

 icon. t. 56. Trongum mera, Rumph. 3. Berries oblong-terete, 

 recurved at top, purple, yellow, or cinereous. Melongena 

 fructu incurvo, Tourn. inst. p. 152. Sol. pomiferum, fructu 

 incurve, Plukn. aim. p. 350. phyt. t. 226. f. 2. Bauh. 

 hist. 3. p. 316. icone. Melantzana Arabum ; Melongena et 

 Bedegian, Rauw. itin. ex C. Bauh. 167. 4. Berries black. 

 S. pomiferum fructu spinoso nigro, Mor. hist. 3. p. 524. sect. 

 13. t. 2. f. 2. Bauh. hist. 3. p. 619. icon. Melongena spinosa, 

 fructu longo nigro, Tourn. inst. p. 152. ? Melongena spinosa, 

 fructu rotundo nigro, Tourn. 1. c. Plukn. aim. 350. phyt. t. 

 226. f. 3. Melanzana nigra, Rauw. itin. ex C. Bauh. 1. c. et 

 Mor. hist. 1. c. 5. Berries round. Melongena fructu rotundo, 

 Tourn. inst. 1. c. The egg-plant, Melongene in French, Tol- 

 lapfel in German, and Malanzana in Italian. The berries are 

 large, oval, and generally white in colour, much resembling a 

 hen's egg, and in large specimens that of a swan. In French 

 and Italian cookery it is used in stews and soups, and for the 

 general purposes of the Love-apple or Tomato. The following 

 varieties are cultivated for culinary purposes. 1. The oval- 

 shaped white. 2. The globular-shaped white, and the purple 

 or violet-coloured of both forms. In cultivating the plants for 

 use, they should be reared on a hot-bed in light rich earth. 

 After they have grown two or three proper leaves, they may 

 either be pricked out into another hot-bed, or planted in small 

 pots, to be shifted in rotation till in size no. 1 6. in which they 

 will produce their fruit. If the plants instead of being shifted 

 into fruiting pots are planted against a wall, or in a warm bor- 

 der in June, they will fruit in the open air, if the season is not 

 unusually wet and cold. 



Melongene Egg-plant, Mad-apple, and Jews'-apple. Fl. 

 June, July. Clt. 1597. PI. 2 to 3 feet. 



283 S. INCA'NUM (Lin. spec. ed. 1. p. 188. Dun. sol. p. 

 213. but not of Ruiz, et Pav.) all as in S. melongena, except' 

 that the fertile peduncles are racemosely corymbose, 3-4-flow- 

 ered ; stem, leaves, and calyxes prickly ; fruit smaller, ovate or 

 subglobose, and more inclosed in the calyx. Q. S. Native of 

 the East Indies, everywhere ; Mauritius, &c. S. incanum, 

 Roxb. fl. ind. 2. p. 249. exclusive of the syn. of Rumph. S. 

 undatum, Lam. diet. 4. p. 301. Blum, bijdr. p. 700. S. Zey- 

 lanicum, Scop. del. 1. t. 1. S. I'ndicum, Wall. cat. no. 2626. 

 S. incanum Zeylanicum, Pers. ench. 1. p. 226. ? Boerh. lugdb. 

 2. p. 69. Plant clothed with canescent tomentum. Corolla 

 bluish-violet. Berry roundish, yellow or white, egg-shaped. 



Var. ft ; flowers 6-7-cleft. Q. S. Native of the Mauritius. 

 S. argyracantha, Dum. Courset. bot. cult. ed. 2d. vol. 3. p. 162. 

 S. rnarginatum argyracantha, Pers. ench. 1. p. 228. 



Hoary Egg-plant. Fl. July, Aug. Clt. 1820. PI. 2 to 3 

 feet. 



284 S. HETERACA'KTHUM (Dun. syn. p. 39. sol. ed. 2d. ined. 

 t. 65. Nees in Lin. trans. 17. p. 51.) herbaceous, woody at the 

 base, perennial, clo'thed with stellate hairs ; prickles of the 



