SOLANACE.E. IV. CAPSICUM. 



climate in summer. The fruit varies much in shape and colour, 

 either long-podded, red, or yellow, or short-podded, red and 

 yellow, or heart-shaped, red and yellow. 2. C. cerasiforme, 

 the cherry-pepper, is also an annual standing our climate in 

 summer ; is known by its small, cherry-shaped fruit, which is 

 sometimes heart-shaped or angular, in colour red or yellow. 

 3. C. grossvm, the bell-pepper, a stove biennial ; the berries of 

 this kind are large, red or yellow. It will endure the open air 

 in summer, but will require a place in the stove in winter and 

 spring months. The well known preparation called Cayenne- 

 pepper is the pods of the smaller kinds of capsicum dried in the 

 sun, pounded, and mixed with salt; it is then kept stopped in 

 bottles. When used in moderation it is not unwholesome, espe- 

 cially to those of cold leucophlegroatic habits. In such tempera- 

 ments, as well as in paralytic cases, it is used medicinally in 

 small quantities, as one of the highest stimulants. A mixture of 

 sliced cucumbers, shalots, or onions, cut very small, a little lime 

 juice and Madeira wine, with a few pods of bird-pepper, well 

 mashed and mixed with the liquor, seldom fails to provoke the 

 most languid appetite in the West Indies. It is there called 

 Man-dram. Gathered fresh from the plant, the pods of all the 

 species are liberally used in all tropical countries to assist diges- 

 tion and correct flatulencies. 



far. a, longicarpum ; fruit long, pendant. Tourn. inst. 152. 



J'ar. p, olitaefdrme (Mill. diet. no. 6.) fruit ovate. Ait. hort. 

 kew. ed. 2d. vol. 1. p. 405. 



J'ar. f, abbretiatum (Fing. diss. t. 2. f. 1.) Miller has raised 

 from the seed of one individual plant the following varieties of 

 Tournefort. 1. Capsicum fructu surrecto oblongo, Tourn. 

 inst. 152. 2. Capsicum fructu bifido, Tourn. 1. c. 3. Capsi- 

 cum siliquis surrectis et oblongis brevibus, Tourn. 1. c. 4. 

 Capsicum tereti spithamaeo, Tourn. 



Annual Capsicum, or Chilli, or Guinea Pepper. Fl. June, 

 July. Clt. 1548. PI. 1 to 2 feet. 



2 C. LOSGUM (D. C. hort. monsp. 1813. p. 86.) fruit oblong, 

 acuminated, a little incurved ; petioles glabrous ; stem herba- 

 ceous. . H. Native country unknown. C. annuum, Hort. 



Mor. hist. sect. 13. t. 2. f. 2. no. 6. Clus. cur. post. p. 101. 

 f. 9 10. Dod. pempt. 716. f. 3. Bauh. hist. 2. p. 943. f. 1. 



Fuchs. icon. 733. Capsicum fructu tereti spithamaeo, Tourn. 

 inst. p. 152. ? C. annuum, var. a, Ait. hort. kew. 2. p. 405. 



Long-fruited Capsicum, or Chilli Pepper. Fl. June, July. 

 Clt. 154S. PI. 1 to 2 feet. 



3 C. CORDIFORME (Mill. diet. no. 2.) fruit heart-shaped ; 

 stem herbaceous. . H. Native of India. Capsicum siliqua 

 propendente oblonga et cordiformi, Tourn. inst. p. 152. Fruit 

 yellow and red, variable in shape. The following varieties of 

 this species are mentioned : 1. Fruit pendent, round or heart- 

 shaped, Tourn. 2. Fruit broader and rounder, Tourn. 3. 

 Fruit large, round, Tourn. 4. Fruit erect, round, Tourn. 5. 

 Fruit erect, heart-shaped. In all these varieties the fruit varies 

 from yellow to red. 



far. p, majut, Fing. diss. t. 9. f. c. C. annuum, Wall. cat. 

 suppl. no. 222. 



Heart-shaped-fruited Capsicum, or Chilli pepper. Fl. June, 

 July. Clt. ? PI. 2 feet. 



4' C. ASGULOSCM (Mill. diet. no. 4.) fruit heart-shaped, an- 

 gular ; stem herbaceous. Q. H. Native of India ? Capsi- 

 cum siliquis surrectis cordiformibus anguliuis, Tourn. inst. p. 

 153. Fruit large, pendulous, of 2 forms, obtuse, angular, ra- 

 ther compressed, usually refuse and bifid at apex. Besser, cat. 

 krzem. 1811. p. 27. Leaves wrinkled. Fruit red or scarlet, 

 sometimes formed like a mitre at top, and sometimes campanu- 

 late. More tender than the other annual kinds. 



Capsicum, or Chilli Pepper. Fl. June, Julv. 

 Clt. ?' PI. 1 to 2 feet. 



5 C. MILLE'EI (Roem. et Schultes, syst. 4. p. 563.) stem 



herbaceous; fruit round, glabrous. . ? H. Native of New 

 Spain, Miller. C. cerasiforme, Mill. diet. no. 5. Capsicum 

 siliquis surrectis cerasiformis, Tourn. inst. 153. Leaves fasci- 

 cled, pale green, on long petioles. Fruit red, size and shape of 

 a pea. Perhaps only a variety of C. annuum. 



Millers Capsicum, or Chilli Pepper. Fl. June, July. Clt. ? 

 PI. 1 foot. 



6 C. CONICUM (Meyer, esseq. p. 1 1 2.) herbaceous ; branchleu 

 downy, terete ; fructiferous calyx almost quite entire ; pedun- 

 cles twin ; fruit oblong-conical, erect ; leaves solitary, rarely 

 twin, ovate, acuminated, on short petioles, roughish on both 

 surfaces, downy on the veins beneath, as well as the petioles. 

 0. H. Native about the Essequibo, in plantations. C. fru- 

 tescens, Rodschied, obs. p. 38. but not of Lin. Peduncles alar 

 and axillary. Flowers drooping. Fruit croceous, shining. 



Conical-fruited Capsicum, or Chilli Pepper. PI. ? 



7 C. TETKAGONCM (Mill. diet. DO. 3.) herbaceous ; fruit large, 

 angular, obtuse. 0. H. Native of both Indies. Fing. diss. 

 t. 10. C. d. Wall. cat. no. 224. Capsicum fructu longo ventre 

 tumido, per summum, tetragono, Tourn. inst. p. 153. C. cy- 

 doniforme, Hort. Berries always red, crowded, 1-2 .inches 

 long, subtetragonal at top, usually pendulous, rarely erect. 



Tetragonal-fruited Capsicum, or Chilli Pepper. Fl. June, 

 July. Clt. ? PI. 1 to 2 feet. 



* * Shrubby. Berries pendulous. 



S C. SPH.'RICUM (WQld. enum. 1. p. 241.) fruit globose; 

 petioles glabrous ; stem shrubby. Jj . S. Native of India ? 

 Fing. diss. t. 9. f. a. C. cerasiforme, Wall. cat. no. 221. 

 Shrub middle-sized ; branches dichotomous. Leaves ovate, 

 acuminated, glabrous. Fruit size of a cherry. Said to differ 

 from C. cerasiforme in the fruit being pendulous. 



SpAerica/-fruited Capsicum, or Chilli Pepper. Fl. April, 

 July. Clt. 1807. Shrub 2 feet. 



9 C. OVA'TCM (D C. cat. hort. monsp. 1813. p. 86.) fruit 

 ovate, acuminated ; petioles and leaves glabrous ; stem shrubby. 



I? . S. Native country unknown. Peduncles shorter than the 

 petioles. Calyx bluntly 5-toothed. Berry colour and size of a 

 cherry, but ovate, pendulous. It differs from C. sphte'ricum 

 only in the shape of the fruit. 



6ra?e-fruited Capsicum, or Chilli Pepper. Fl. June, Sept. 

 Clt. 1824. Shrub 2 to 3 feet. 



10 C. PE'NDCLDM (Willd. enum. 1. p. 242.) fruit oblong; 

 petioles downy ; stem shrubby. ^ . S. Native country un- 

 known. C. grossum, p, Schultes, obs. no. 299. Fruit an inch 

 long, red. 



/Vn<fi//<J!<*-fruited Capsicum, or Chilli Pepper. Fl. April, 

 July. Clt. 1804. Shrub 2 to 3 feet. 



11 C. LC'XECM (Lam. ill. 2. no. 2392.) fruit ovate, 3-celled ; 

 branches and petioles hairy ; stem shrubby, flexuous. fj . S. 

 Native of the East Indies. Stem subtetragonal. Leaves gla- 

 brous, twin, or 4-5 in a fascicle. Flowers solitary or fascicled, 

 supra- axillary. Corolla small, white, with short acute segments. 

 Fruit yellow, oblong, middle-sized, on hardly recurved pedun- 

 cles, downy. 



Fetfoir-fruited Capsicum. Fl. June, Aug. Clt. 1820. Shrub 

 2 to 3 feet. 



12 C. GROSSUM (Lin. syst. 226.) fructiferous calyx bowl- 

 shaped, spreading, sinuately toothed ; fructiferous peduncles 

 solitary, erect, or reflexed ; berry oblong or ovate, torose ; 

 leaves ovate, acuminated ; branches downy. Ij . S. Native of 

 India. Nees, in Lin. trans. 17. p. 62. " Roxb. fl. ind. 2. p. 

 260. Wall. cat. no. 2643.A. Besl. hort. eyst. 2. t. 2. f. 1 . 

 Fruit large, pale red. 



J'ar. p ; branches smoothish ; fruit pendulous; leaves 

 broader, very unequal at the base, subrepand, or cut a little. 

 T: . S. Native of India. C. grossum, Wall. cat. no. 2643. B. 



