SOLANACEJL X. ATROPA. XI. ANISODCS. XII. NICAXDRA. XIII. LTCIDM. 



457 



ment this virulent poison may become an excellent remedy. 

 Besides its narcotic power, it promotes all the secretions ; but 

 its exhibition requires the greatest caution, for it is apt, when 

 continued for any length of time, even in small doses, to cause 

 dryness and tension in the throat, vertigo, dimness of sight. 

 When any of these symptoms occur its use must be suspended 

 for some time, and afterwards resumed in smaller doses. Deadly 

 Nightshade has been exhibited in several febrile diseases, in 

 obstinate intermitients, in the plague, in inflammation, the gout, 

 in palsy and loss of speech from apoplexy, in chorea, epilepsy, 

 hydrophobia, melancholy, mania, dropsies, and obstinate jaun- 

 dice ; in amaurosis, ophthalmia, scirrhus, and cancer ; and as an 

 antidote to the contagion of scarlatina. Deadly Nightshade is 

 best exhibited in substance, beginning with a very small dose of 

 the leaves or root. In hydrophobia Munch gave the powdered 

 root every second morning to the extent of from one to five 

 grains to children, and from fourteen to fifteen grains to adults. 

 The watery infusion is also a powerful remedy. 



Belladonna, or Common Deadly Nightshade. Fl. June, 

 July. Britain. PL 2 to 6 feet. 



10 A. RHOMBOIDEA (Gill, et Hook, in bot. misc. 1. p. 135. t. 

 37.) plant herbaceous, downy ; leaves rhomboidal-oval, obtuse ; 

 peduncles 1 -flowered, drooping; corolla glabrous outside. If. 

 F. Native of Chili. Stem somewhat quadrangular, branched. 

 Stigma capitate, furrowed, green. Berry oblong, apiculated. 

 Seeds large, marginate. Stamens placed much higher upon the 

 corolla than in A. Belladonna, and the style and inside of the 

 corolla are furnished with a belt of hairs. Corolla small, white. 



Rhombc f-leaved Deadly Nightshade. PI. 1 foot. 



^ Species doubtful, or not sufficiently known. 



1 1 A. HERBA'CEA (Mill. diet. no. 3.) stem herbaceous ; leaves 

 ovate, nerved, with undulated margins. 1. S. Native about 

 Campeachy, Houston. Stem sub-excavated, furnished with 2-3 

 small branches at top. Leaves 4 inches long, and 3 broad. 

 Peduncles short, interfoliaceous. Corollas white, smaller than 

 those of A. Belladonna. 



Herbaceous Deadly Nightshade. PI. 2 feet. 



Cult. The species of A'tropa are of an easy culture and 

 propagation. They will grow in common earth. The shrubby 

 kinds are increased by cuttings or seeds, and the herbaceous, 

 perennial kinds by seeds, or dividing at the root. 



XI. ANTSODUS (from aviaog, anisos, unequal ; and 

 odous, a tooth ; in reference to the inequality of the teeth of the 

 calyx.) Link, et Otto, abbild. gart. berol. fasc. 6. p. 77. 

 Spreng. gen. 1. p. 159. Nees in Lin. trans. 17. p. 72. Whit- 

 leya, Sweet, fl. gard. t. 1 25. Nicandra species, Link, et Otto. 

 1. c. t. 35. 



Lix. SYST. Pentandria, Monogynia. Calyx campanulate, 

 angular, 5-cleft ; segments unequal. Corolla campanulate, 5- 

 lobed ; lobes rounded, gradually smaller. Stamens inclosed, 

 inserted in the base of the corolla, straight. Berry 2-celled, 

 many-seeded, operculate, inclosed in the erect, coriaceous, in- 

 flated, reticulated, 10-ribbed calyx; operculum 4-valved, mu- 

 cronate. Placenta thick, ovate, scrobiculate. Seeds compressed, 

 angular, dotted. Albumen fleshy. Embryo peripheric, semi- 

 circular, pale; with an obtuse, conical radicle, and semi-cylindri- 

 cal cotyledons. A large, robust, downy, branched, canescent 

 plant, with broad leaves ; and solitary, drooping flowers, which 

 are of a yellowish green colour at first, but at length becoming 

 purplish. 



1 A. LU'RIDCS (Link, 1. c. Spreng. syst. 1. p. 699. 1 . H. 

 Native of the Himalaya, on Gosain-than. Nees in Lin. trans. 

 17. p. 7'2. Nicandra anomala, Link, et Otto, abbild. t. 35. 



VOL. IV. 



Physalis, stramonifolia, Wall, in Roxb. fl. ind. 2. p. 242. Whit- 

 leya stramonifolia, Sweet, fl. gard. t. 125. Anisodus stramoni- 

 folius, G. Don, in Loud. hort. brit. p. 61. Stems dichotomous. 

 Leaves twin, ovate-elliptic, repandly lobed, attenuated at the 

 base, villous beneath. All the tender parts are densely clothed 

 with mealy, ferruginous, loose tomentum. Leaves smelling like 

 those of tobacco when bruised. 



Lurid Anisodus. Fl. Aug. Sept. Clt. 1823. Shrub 4 to 7 

 feet. 



Cull. This is a strong, coarse growing plant, of the most 

 easy culture. It will grow in almost any oil, but requires a 

 dry situation. It is to be increased by division, and by seed. 



XII. NICA'NDRA (so named after Nicander of Colophon, 

 priest of Apollo, who lived about the time of Attalus. His 

 Georgics are lost : his poems are commended by Cicero, and 

 many fragments of them remain in Atbenaeus. There is a fine 

 manuscript of Nicander at Vienna. Haller.) Adans. fam. p. 

 219. Juss. gen. p. 125. ed. Usteri, p. 140. Gaertn. fruct. 



1. p. 237. t. 131. f. 2. A'tropa, spec. Lin. Physalis species, 

 Lam. Calydermos, Ruiz, et Pav. fl. per. 2. p. 44. 



Lix. SYST. Pentandria, Monogynia.. Calyx pentagonal, 5- 

 parted, inflated ; angles compressed ; segments sagittate. Co- 

 rolla campanulate, slightly 5-lobed. Stamens 5, incurved, dis- 

 tant, dilated at the base, inclosed ; anthers ovate, dehiscing 

 lengthwise. Stigma capitate. Berry fleshy, almost dry, 3-5- 

 celled, inclosed in the calyx ; placentas prominent. A strong, 

 coarse, annual, much branched, glabrous plant. Leaves twin. 

 Flowers extra-axillary, solitary, drooping. 



1 N. PHYSALOIDES (Gaertn. fruct. 2. p. 237. t. 131. Pers. 

 ench. 1. p. 219.) Q. H. Native of Peru ; and from Pennsyl- 

 vania to Virginia, but is probably only indigenous to Peru. 

 Pursh, fl. arner. sept. 1. p. 158. Sims, bot. mag. t. 2458. 

 Calydermos erosus, Ruiz, et Pav. fl. per. 2. p. 44. A'tropa 

 physaloides, Lin. spec. p. 260. Jacq. obs. 4. t. 98. Physalis 

 Peruviana, Mill. diet. no. 16. Physalis daturaefolia, Lam. diet. 



2. p. 102. no. 15. Thor. chlor. land. p. 74. Alkekengi am- 

 plo flore violaceo, Feuill. per. p. 724. t. 16. Root fibrous. 

 Leaves glabrous, sinuated, like those of Datura. Corolla large, 

 blue, rayed, with a white bottom, which is marked with 5 dark 

 blue spots. 



Winter-cherry-like Nicandra. Fl. July, Sept. Clt. 1759. 

 PI. 2 to 4 feet. 



Cult. The seeds of this plant only require to be sown in 

 the open border ; and when the plants are up they must be 

 planted separately; being large they require a good deal of 

 space. 



XIII. LY'CIUM (derived from Lycia in Asia Minor, hence 

 \VKIOV, Lycion, of Dioscorides, a name given by him to a thorny 

 shrub, which was supposed by Dr. Sibthorp to have been the 

 Rhamnus infectorius, but which Mr. Royle, with greater proba- 

 bility, regards as identical with a species of Berberis, which he 

 has denominated Berberis Lycium. The name has been applied 

 to the present genus, on account of its containing thorny shrubs.) 

 Lin. gen. 262. Schreb. gen. no. 343. Gaertn. fruct. 2. p. 

 242. t. 132. Juss. gen. p. 126. ed. Usteri, p. 141. Lam. ill. 

 t. 118. H. B. et Kunth, nov. gen. amer. 3. p. 50. Jas- 

 minoides, Niss, in act. gall. 1711. Mich. gen. 224. t. 105. 



Lix. SYST. Pentandria, Monogynia. Calyx urceolate, regu- 

 larly 5-toothed, or irregularly 3-5-cleft, permanent. Corolla fun- 

 nel-shaped, or tubular ; limb 5 or 10 cleft, or toothed, imbricate 

 in aestivation, sometimes plicate. Stamens 5, usually exserted ; 

 filaments bearded, and widened at the base ; anthers cordate, 

 3 N 



