SCROPHULARINE.E. III. SCROPHULARIA. 



507 



2 I. SCE'PTRUM (Lindl. dig. p. 26. t. 28.) segments of corolla 

 obtuse ; racemes comose. Fj . G. Native of Madeira, in shady 

 woods. Digitalis sceptrum, Lin. suppl. 282. Lher. angl. p. 21. 

 t. 24. Smith, exot. hot. 2. p. 27. t. 73. R. Br. in hort. kew. 4. 

 p. 31. Trunk di-trichotomous. Young branches fleshy, pilose. 

 Leaves obovate-lanceolate, denticulated, pilose beneath, crowded 

 at the tops of the branches. Racemes thyrsoid. Flowers 

 dense, pendulous, of a yellowish brown colour. Calycine 

 segments pilose, spatulate, the 3 upper the shortest. Co- 

 rolla pilose, reticulated ; segments oblong-roundish : superior 

 one flat, bipartite : lateral ones spreading a little smaller : 

 lower one concave. 



Sceptre Isoplexis. Fl. July, Aug. Clt. 1777. Shrub 3 to 

 4 feet. 



Cult. Both species of Isoplexis are very showy when in 

 blossom. A light rich soil answers them well ; and they may 

 be either increased by cuttings under a hand-glass, or by seed, 

 which ripen plentifully. 



HI. SCROPHULA'RIA (so named from its supposed use in 

 the cure of scrofula.) Tourn. inst. p. 166. t. 74. Lin. gen. 

 no. 756. Schreb. gen. no. 1014. Juss. gen. p. 119. ed. Usteri. 

 p. 133. Gaertn. fruct. l.p. 249.1.53. Neck. elem. 1. p. 343. 

 Lam. diet. 7. p. 27. ill. t. 533. Scrofularia, Spreng. anleit. ed. 

 2d. 1. p. 394. Wydler. mon. scrof. 



Lix. SYST. Didynamia, Angiospermia. Calyx 5-parted, or 

 usually 5-cleft, nearly equal. Corolla with a ventricose sub- 

 globose tube, and a short 5-lobed limb : segments short, round- 

 ish : the 2 upper ones combined with the upper lip. Stamens 4, 

 fertile, didynamous, declinate, the rudiment of a fifth often 

 present; anthers 1 -celled. Style simple, thickened at the apex. 

 Stigma emarginate. Capsule almost globose, or ovoid, often 

 acuminated ; valves entire, but often also shortly bifid at apex. 

 The fifth filament, when present, is adnate, bearing a sessile, 

 lamelliform, or emarginately spatulate anther or tip. Herbs or 

 under-shrubs with a fetid smell. Leaves opposite ; or the supe- 

 rior ones are sometimes alternate, entire, or deeply pinnatifid, 

 sometimes full of pellucid dots. Inflorescence thyrsoid ; peduncles 

 opposite, or alternate, cymosely many-flowered, rarely 1 -flowered. 



SECT. I. VENI'LIA (in myth, the wife of Neptune.) Rudiment 

 of a fifth stamen none. 



1. Thyrse leafy. 



1 S. VERNA'LIS (Lin. spec. p. 864.) hairy ; leaves roundish- 

 cordate, coarsely and multiplicately serrated, acute ; peduncles 

 opposite; lobes of calyx without a membrane, lanceolate ; lobes 

 of corolla short, connivent ; genitals exserted. () H. Native 

 of Europe, in shady, humid places ; particularly on the Cauca- 

 sian Alps. It is to be found in woods and hedges in some parts 

 of England, but is hardly indigenous. Schkuhr, handb. 2. t. 

 173. Smith, engl. hot. t. 567. Hook. fl. lond. t. 70. Oed. 

 fl. dan. t. 411. S. cordata, \Valdst. et Kit. hung. 1. p. 75. t. 

 73. Barrel, icon. t. 273. Mor. hist. p. 482. sect. 5. t. 8. f. 2. 

 Riv. mon. irr. t. 107. f. 2. Upper leaves alternate and 

 smaller. Size and form of bracteas variable. Lobes of calyx 

 obtuse, or acute, full of pellucid dots. Corolla yellow. Ovarium 

 clothed with stipitate glands. Capsule oblong, pear-formed. 



Vernal Figwort. Fl. March, May. Britain. PI. 2 feet. 



2. Thyrse leafless. 



2 S. PAUCIFLORA (Benth. scroph. ind. p. 1 7.) glabrous ; stem 

 hardly angular ; leaves roundish-ovate, coarsely, acutely, and 

 doubly serrated ; thyrse elongated, few-flowered, with short, 

 remote cymes ; calycine segments lanceolate, acute, without 

 membranes, shorter than the capsule ; genitals inclosed. % . 



H. Native of Gosaingsthan, Wall. Corolla yellowish, with 

 nearly equal segments. Capsule ovate, obtuse. 



Few-Jlonered Figwort. PI. 2 to 3 feet ? 



3 S. OKIENTA'LIS (Lin. spec. 864.) glabrous ; lower leaves 

 pinnatifidly cut: superior ones lanceolate, all regularly and 

 sharply serrated ; peduncles subverticillate ; lobes of calyx 

 membranous, ovate ; genitals exserted. I/ . H. Native of the 

 Levant, Siberia, and Caucasus. Schkuhr, handb. 2. p. 196. t. 

 175. Wydler. scrof. p. 26. S. ebulifolia, Bieb. fl. cauc. 2. p. 

 77. and 3. p. 415.? but not of Link. S. orientalis foliis can- 

 nabinis, Tourn. cor. p. 9. Lower leaves 3-4 in a whorl, pinna- 

 tifid, or appendiculate at the base ; segments petiolate, all acu- 

 minated. Corolla greenish yellow outside, striped lengthwise 

 with purple inside : lobes of the upper lip shorter than the 

 others. Stigma pilose. Capsule oblong-conical, acuminated. 



Eastern Figwort. Fl. July, Aug. Clt. 1710. PI. 3 to 4 

 feet. 



SECT. II. SCORODONIA (from aKopodov, scorodon, the Greek 

 name of garlic ; in reference to the fetid smell of the species.) 

 Sterile stamen present, adnate at the base, but free at the apex, 

 dilated and spatulate, or emarginate and reniform. Calycine 

 lobes roundish, or ovate, usually with membranous edges. Co- 

 rollas purplish-green, greenish, purplish white, rarely yellowish. 

 Genitals inclosed, or exserted. Fertile anthers yellow. Roots 

 fibrous, rarely tubercular and woody. Stem usually herbaceous, 

 but in a few species shrubby. Thyrse loose. 



1. Thyrse leafy. 



4 S. GRANDIFLORA (D. C. cat. hort. monsp. p. 143. Wydler, 

 scroph. p. 26.) leaves clothed with soft villi : lower ones inter- 

 ruptedly and lyrately pinnatifid : lobes alternate, ovate, acute, 

 toothed : terminal one large, broad, lanceolate ; upper leaves 

 ovate-lanceolate ; calyx membranous ; genitals inclosed. If. 

 H. Native of South America. ? Leaves sometimes doubly 

 toothed ; teeth ciliated, mucronate ; petioles villous. Peduncles 

 5 -flowered, much shorter than the leaves. Pedicels and calyxes 

 villous. Corolla large, deep red. Anther or top of sterile 

 filament reniform. Capsule almost globose. 



Great-Jlorvered Figwort. Fl. June, Aug. Clt. 1 820. PI. 2 

 to 3 feet. 



5 S. SAMBUCIFOLIA (Alp. exot. 203. t. 202. Lin. spec. p. 

 865.) glabrous ; lower leaves deeply pinnate : upper ones tern- 

 ate, or undivided ; leaflets ovate, acute, deeply toothed : term- 

 inal one large ; calyxes membranous ; genitals inclosed, li . 

 H. Native of Spain, Portugal, Corsica, North of Africa, 

 Levant, &c. Hill. veg. syst. 19. t. 48. Mirb. elem. hot. 

 (1815.) t. 30. f. 7. S. mellifera, Vahl, symb. 2. p. 68. Desf. 

 fl. atl. 2. p. 53. t. 143. S. viridifl6ra, Poir. voy. barb. 2. p. 

 194. S. Hispanica sambuci folio, glabro, Tourn. inst. p. 166. 

 Mor. hist. 2. p. 483. sect. 5. t. 8. f. 6. Munt. phyt. 45. f. 

 238. Mill. fig. 2. t. 231. Leaflets sometimes petiolate. An- 

 ther or top of sterile stamen reniform. Capsule acuminated. 

 Corolla purple ; lower lip greenish. 



far. ft, hirsuta (Wydler, scroph. p. 27.) plant hairy in every 

 part, canescent. If.. H. Native of Portugal. S. sambucifo- 

 lia, Willd. enum. 645. Link, fl. port. p. 272. S. grandiflora, 

 Rchb. icon. cent. 1. t. 98. but not of D. C. S. maxima Lusi- 

 tanica, sambuci tolio lanuginoso, Tourn. inst. p. 166. S. Lusi- 

 tanica, maximo flore, foliis dissectis, Ray, hist, suppl. 396. This 

 is very like the species, but differs in all its parts being hairy. 



Var. y, thyrso aphyllo (Wydler, 1. c.) thyrse leafless. 



E lde> -leaved Figwort. Fl. May, July. Clt. 1640. PI. 2 to 

 3 feet. 



6 S. PEREGRI'NA (Math. comm. in Diosc. Cam. hort. p. 157. t. 

 43. Lin. spec. p. 866.) glabrous ; leaves cordate, shining, 



3i 2 



