508 



SCROPHULARINE2E. HI. SCROPHULARIA. 



glabrous ; peduncles alternate, 2-5-flowered ; lobes of calyx 

 not membranous, glabrous, acute ; genitals inclosed. Q. H. 

 Native of Greece, Italy, Crete, Balearic Islands, and Provence, 

 along way-sides, in hedges, and shady places. D. C. fl. fr. 3. p. 

 580. in add. p. 729. S. geminiflora, Lam. fl. fr. 2. p. 336. S. 

 sexangularis, Moench. meth. p. 445. S. minor, Sav. fl. pis. 2. 

 p. 81. S. arguta, Ait. hort. kew. ed. 1st. vol. 2. p. 342. Mor. 

 hist. 2. p. 481. sect. 5. t. 8. f. 1. Chabr. sciagr. 470. icone 

 raXi'oi//ic, Diosc. Stem acute-angled at the base, but obtuse 

 angled at apex, dark purple. Leaves full of pellucid dots. 

 Corollas small, purple, veiny ; lobes all denticulated. Anther 

 or tip of sterile stamen reniform. Capsule almost globose. 



Foreign Figwort. Fl. July, Aug. Clt. 1640. PI. 1 to 2 

 feet. 



7 S. SCORODONIA (Lin. spec. p. 864.) pilose ; leaves cordately 

 triangular, doubly toothed, acute, wrinkled, all opposite ; edges 

 of the lobes of calyx white and membranous, clothed with 

 glandular hairs outside ; genitals inclosed. % . H. Native of 

 the Island of Jersey, Siberia, Galicia, Portugal, Tunis, in humid 

 places and hedges. Hill. veg. syst. 19. t. 45. Lam. ill. t. 533. 

 Smith, engl. bot. 2209. S. scordiifblia, Grisl. vir. lus. p. 75. 

 S. melisssefolia, Tourn. inst. p. 166. Petiv. brit. 2. p. 35. f. 11. 

 S. scorodoniaefblia, Mor. hist. 2. p. 482. sect. 5. t. 35. f. 6. 

 Plukn. phyt. t. 59. f. 5. S. foliis cordatis, duplicato-serratis ; 

 racemo composite, Gmel. sib. 3. p. 195. Corolla small, brown- 

 ish purple. Anther or tip of sterile stamen reniform. Capsule 

 roundish. The plant of Desfontaines, under this name, differs 

 from that of Linnaeus in the thyrse being leafless, and the size of 

 the corolla. 



Var. ft. Leaves jagged at the base. 



5a/m-leaved Figwort. Fl. July, Aug. Britain. PI. 2 to 3 

 feet. 



8 S. CASTAGNEA'NA (Wydler, scroph. p. 29.) angles of stem 

 rather downy ; leaves oblong-cordate, doubly and deeply 

 toothed, acute, rather downy : lower ones opposite : upper ones 

 alternate ; edges of the lobes of the calyx red, membranous, 

 glabrous outside ; genitals inclosed. 3. H. Native of Turkey, 

 about Constantinople, Castagne. Stem simple, striated. Leaves 

 full of pellucid dots ; teeth finely ciliated. Peduncles bifid ; 

 pedicels equal. Lobes of calyx ovate. Corollas larger than 

 those of S. nodbsa, purple. Anther or tip of the fifth stamen 

 roundish, emarginate. 



Castagne' s Figwort. PI. 1| to 2 feet. 



9 S. URTICJEFOLIA (Wall. cat. no. 3922. Benth. scroph. ind. 

 p. 18.) downy, but at length nearly glabrous; leaves roundish- 

 ovate, coarsely and doubly toothed, cordate at the base ; pe- 

 duncles opposite, 3-7-flowered ; segments of the calyx broad 

 ovate, obtuse, with membranous edges ; genitals inclosed. "%. . 

 H. Native of Nipaul and Gosaingsthan, Wall. Corolla green- 

 ish : upper lip longer than the lower segments. Anther or tip 

 of sterile filament dilated, spatulate, and emarginate. 



Nettle-leaved Figwort. PI. 1 to 2 feet ? 



10 S. HIMALAYE'NSIS (Royle, mss. ex Benth. scroph. ind. p. 

 18.) downy, tall ; stem obtuse-angled ; leaves ovate-lanceolate, 

 somewhat doubly-toothed, subcordate at the base ; thyrse am- 

 ple, panicled, leafy at the base ; segments of the calyx ovate, 

 roundish, hardly membranous ; genitals exserted. If, . H. Na- 

 tive of the Himalaya, common. Corolla greenish. Anther or 

 tip of sterile stamen dilated, spatulate, and emarginate. 



Himalaya Figwort. PI. 3 to 4 feet ? 



2. Thyrse leafless. 



11 S. POLYA'NTHA (Royle, mss. ex Benth. scroph. ind. p. 18.) 

 downy, tall ; stem rather angular ; leaves ovate-lanceolate, 

 somewhat doubly toothed, narrowed unequally at the base, or 

 furnished with a few lanceolate segments ; thyrse elongated, 



large, panicled ; segments of calyx ovate-roundish, with mem- 

 branous edges; genitals exserted. "%.. H. Native of Mus- 

 sooree, Royle. Corolla greenish. 



Many-flowered Figwort. PI. 2 to 4 feet? 



12 S. ELA'TIOR (Wall. cat. no. 3921. Benth. scroph. ind. p. 

 18.) glabrous, tall; stem angular, or winged; lower leaves 

 ovate, cordate at the base : superior ones ovate-lanceolate, all 

 doubly-toothed ; thyrse large, panicle-formed, almost leafless ; 

 segments of calyx deep, lanceolate, acute, not membranous ; 

 genitals exserted. 1|. H. Native of Gosaingsthan, Wall. Anther 

 or tip of sterile stamen dilated, spatulate, and emarginate. 



Tall Figwort. PI. 3 to 4 feet ? 



13 S. LANCEOLATA (Pursh. fl. amer. sept. 2. p. 419. Nutt. 

 gen. amer. 2. p. 44. ? Wydler, scroph. p. 29.) glabrous ; lower 

 leaves ovate-lanceolate : superior ones lanceolate, all acute, 

 serrated ; peduncles bifid, 2-5-flowered ; calycine segments 

 with membranous edges ; capsule roundish. If. . H. Native 

 of Carolina, Pennsylvania, &c. S. Marylandica, herb. D. C. 

 et Desf. Stem very simple. Leaves not cordate at the base. 

 Petioles shorter than the leaves. Corolla greenish yellow. 

 Genitals inclosed. 



Lanceolate-leaved Figwort. Fl. July, Aug. Clt. 1820. PI. 



2 to 3 feet. 



14 S. NODOSA (Lin. spec. p. 863.) root tubercular ; stem 

 acute-angled, glabrous ; leaves glabrous, cordately triangular, 

 doubly serrated : teeth drawn out at the base ; segments of 

 calyx not membranous; genitals inclosed. "U. H. Native of 

 shady, humid places, and edges of ditches, throughout Europe ; 

 plentiful in some parts of Britain, particularly in the north. 

 Schkuhr, handb. 2. p. 194. Smith, engl. bot. 1544. Oed. fl. 

 dan. 1167. Gunn. fl. norv. 2. p. 87. no. 732. t. 4. f. 1 S. 

 Hayne, arz. 5. t. 35. Petiv. 193. f. 194. Mor. hist. p. 482. 

 sect. 5. t. 8. f. 3. Riv. mon. irr. t. 107. f. 1. Blackw. herb, 

 t. 87. Lob. icon. 533. Roots knobbed. Leaves full of small 

 pellucid dots, sometimes not cordate at the base. Corollas green- 

 ish ; lip purplish. Anther or tip of sterile stamen reniform. 

 Capsule nearly globose. This species has the name Figwort 

 and formerly Kernelwort from its knobbed roots, and Brown- 

 wort from the brown tinge of the leaves. In medicine the plant 

 is hardly known in modern practice, but the rank smell, like 

 elder, and bitter taste of die leaves, seem to indicate some 

 active properties. Swine that have the scab are cured by 

 washing them with a decoction of the leaves. Wasps resort 

 greatly to the flowers. Goats eat the plant ; but cows, horses, 

 sheep, and swine refuse it. 



Var. ft ; leaves 3 in a whorl. 



Var. y \ flowers green. 



Knotty-rooted Figwort. Fl. May, July. Britain. PL 2 to 



3 feet. 



15 S. MARYLA'NDICA (Lin. spec. p. 863.) stem obtuse-an- 

 gled ; leaves cordate, serrated, acute, rounded at the base. It. 

 H. Native of North America and Siberia. S. nodbsa, ft, 

 Americana, Michx. fl. bor. amer. 2. p. 21. S. Marylandica, 

 longo profunde serrato urticae folio, Ray, hist, suppl. p. 396. 

 This species hardly differs from S. nodbsa, unless in the stem 

 being taller, in the teeth of the leaves being deeper ; but the 

 calyx, corolla, and capsule are the same as those of S. nodosa. 



Maryland Figwort. Fl. May, July. Clt. 1759. PI. 3 to 4 

 feet. 



16 S. SCOPOLII (Hoppe. cent, exsic. D. C. fl. fr. suppl. 406. 

 Wydler, scroph. p. 31.) downy; leaves ovate-cordate, regularly 

 and doubly crenated, or serrated, acute, wrinkled ; lobes of 

 calyx broad, ovate, with whitish, membranous edges ; genitals 

 inclosed. %. H. Native of the Alps of Hungary, Carniola, 

 Pyrenees ; in hedges, orchards, gardens, and waste places ; 

 north of Caucasus, in groves ; and south of Tauria. Bertol. 



