518 



SCROPHULARINEjE. VII. LINARIA. 



sule nearly equal. Seeds ovate, truncate at both ends ; testa 

 black, full of small pits. 



Flexuous Toad-flax. PI. prostrate. 



5 L. RUBRIFOLIA (Robil. et Cast. diss. ined. ex D. C. fl. fr. 

 5. p. 410. Chav. antirrh. p. 96.) stem erect, branched from 

 the base, flexuous, downy : lower leaves ovate, opposite, ap- 

 proximate, deep red beneath, glabrous ; upper leaves oblong, 

 alternate ; calycine segments linear-spatulate, obtuse, villous. 

 0. H. Native of the South of France, near Draguignan, 

 Duby ; Marseilles, Robill ; about Telon ; Pyrenees ; and Sar- 

 dinia. L. origanifolia, var. rubrifolia, Benth. cat. pi. pyr. p. 

 96. Ant. filiforme, Poir. suppl. 4. p. 27. Ant. origan i folium, 

 Gouan, hort. monsp. 301. but not of Lin. Magn. bot. 25. icon. 

 t. 24. Stems beset with capitate pili ; branches villous. Flowers 

 loose ; pedicels pilose, about equal in length to the flowers, but 

 lengthening at last. Floral leaves ciliated. Corolla small, pur- 

 plish blue, marked with 2 yellow spots at the mouth, downy ; 

 lobes entire ; spur slender, acute, diverging. 



Var. /3, humilis (Chav. antirrh. p. 96.) leaves oblong, nearly 

 sessile ; calyx about equal in length to the corolla ; corolla 

 small, with a straight spur. . H. Native of Sicily, on arid 

 rocks of Montallegro, Mineo, &c. 



Red-leaved Toad-Flax. Fl. June, Aug. Clt. 1826. PI. \ 

 to | foot. 



2. Capsule membranous ; cells equal in size ; each cell 

 dehiscing by 3 teeth at apex. 



6 L. MI'NOR (Desf. fl. all. 2. p. 46. Chav. antirrh. p. 97.) 

 stem erect, much branched, downy ; leaves oblong-linear, ob- 

 tuse, downy : lower ones opposite ; pedicels twice or thrice as 

 long as the calyx ; flowers small, distant ; calycine segments 

 linear-spatulate, clothed with glandular hairs. 0. H. Native 

 of Europe, in sandy corn-fields frequent ; as of France, Swit- 

 zerland, England, Germany, Barbary, and Caucasus, &c. D. C. 

 fl. fr. 3. p. 591. L. Antirrhinum, Chevall, fl. gen. des env. de 

 Par. t. 2. L. viscida, Mcench. meth. p. 524. Ant. minus, Lin. 

 spec. p. 852. Oed. fl. dan. t. 502. Gaertn. fruct. 1. p. 249. 

 t. 53. f. 1. Smith, engl. bot. 28. t. 2014. Hall. hist. p. 335. 

 Linaria pumila vulgatior arvensis, Tourn. inst. p. 169. Riv. 

 mon. irr. 1. t. 85. f. 2. Bauh. hist. 3. p. 465. icone. Plant 

 beset with clammy glandular hairs. Flowers in the axils of the 

 superior leaves. Corolla small, whitish, having the tube and 

 upper lip pale violet ; the palate beset with yellow hairs ; lower 

 lip white ; spur very short, obtuse. Seeds truncate at apex ; 

 testa marked by longitudinal furrows. 



Smaller Toad-Flax. Fl. June, Nov. England. PI. J to f 

 foot. 



7 L. LITTORALIS (Willd. enum. p. 641. Chav. antirrh. p. 

 98.) downy ; stem erect, branched ; leaves usually alternate, 

 oblong, obtuse ; pedicels shorter than the calyx ; flowers in 

 loose racemes ; calycine segments linear, acutish. . H. Na- 

 tive of Austria, on the banks of rivers ; and in the South of 

 Istria. Ant. pubescens, Pers. ench. 2. p. 156. but not of 

 Tenore. L. pubescens, Desf. herb, but not of Presl. Ant. 

 littorale, Bernh. ex D. C. fl. fr. 5. p. 410. Corolla bluish, with 

 a straight spur. This is very nearly allied to L. minor, but the 

 plant is larger, less branched, and the pedicels shorter. 



Sea-shore Toad-Flax. Fl. June, Nov. Clt. 1820. PI. \ to 

 1 foot. 



SECT. II. CYMBALA'RIA (from Kvpfln., kymbe, a boat ; in re- 

 ference to the shape of the leaves.) Chav. antirrh. 98. Ela- 

 tine species, Moench. Cymbalaria species, Baumg. and Gray. 

 Leaves palmate-nerved, usually lobed, on long petioles. Flow- 

 ers axillary, supported by long pedicels. Corolla having the 



throat closed by the palate ; spur obtuse, much shorter than the 

 corolla. Capsule dehiscing by 6 valves at the apex. Seeds 

 oblong; testa much wrinkled (Chav. antirrh. t. 5. f. 16.) Hy- 

 pocarpogeous perennial plants, usually growing in the fissures of 

 rocks and walls. 



8 L. CYMBALA'RIA (Mill, diet. ed. 8th. no. 17. Chav. an- 

 tirrh. p. 98.) quite glabrous ; leaves for the most part alternate, 

 cordately reniform, 5-7-lobed : lobes rounded or cuneiform, 

 mucronulate ; floriferous pedicels longer than the leaves ; caly- 

 cine segments linear-lanceolate, acute, smaller than the capsule. 

 y.. H. Native of Europe, on old walls frequent ; especially in 

 Italy and Sicily, where it is alone indigenous ; it is also found 

 in France, Germany, Switzerland, Britain, apparently wild, but 

 has probably been introduced. D. C. fl. fr. 3. p. 583. Tenore, 

 syll. p. 302. Cymbalaria hederacea, Gray, brit. pi. 2. p. 322. 

 Ant. hederaceum, Lam. fl. fr. 2. p. 338. Cymbalaria muralis, 

 Baumg. trans. 2. p. 208. Elatine Cymbalaria, MoDnch. meth. p. 

 525. Ant. quinquelobum, Stok. bot. mat. med. 3. p. 385. 

 Ant. Cymbalaria, Lin. spec. p. 851. Bull. herb. t. 395. Smith, 

 engl. bot. 7. t. 502. Hall. hist. no. 339. Linaria hederaceo 

 folio glabro seu Cymbalaria vulgaris, Tourn. inst. 1. p. 169. 

 Lob. icon. t. 615. Riv. mon. irr. t. 86. f. 2. Roots rhizoma- 

 tose, emitting fibres. Branches prostrate, creeping and rooting, 

 purplish-green. Corolla bluish-purple, with a yellow palate ; 

 spur a little curved. Capsule globose, ventricose, glabrous. 

 There is a variety of this with white flowers, and pale green 

 branches and leaves, and another variety with variegated leaves. 

 Parkinson calls the plant Italian Bastard Navel-wort. 



Far. ft, acutdngula (Chav. antirrh. p. 99.) leaves smaller, 

 cordate, 5-9-lobed : superior leaves hastately 5-lobed : lobes 

 cuneiform, acute ; floriferous pedicels much longer than the 

 leaves ; calycine segments linear, bluntish ; corolla a little 

 smaller. If. . H. Native of Italy, in the fissures of rocks, 

 about Naples, Abruzzo, St. Angelo, &c. L. acutangula, 

 Tenore, syll. p. 302. Ant. acutangulum, Tenore, cat. 1819. 

 p. 52. fl. neap. 2. p. 47. t. 59. 



Var. y, hedercefblia (Chav. antirrh. p. 99.) leaves usually 3- 

 lobed, thick : lobes broader ; calycine segments linear, obtuse ; 

 flowers a little larger than the species. I/. H. Native of 

 Auvergne, on the Golden Mountain. Ant. hederaefblium, Poir. 

 suppl. 4. p. 18. but not of Saltzm. under Linaria. 



Var. I, Sieberi (Chav. 1. c.) leaves smaller : some of the lower 

 ones entire, and some cordate-roundish : lobes less obtuse ; 

 flowers smaller ; spur twice as long, and thicker than in the 

 species. %. H. Native of Candia, near Perivoglio, Sieber. 

 Ant. Cymbalaria, Sieb. herb. cret. 



Cymbalaria, or Ivy-leaved Toad-Flax. Fl. May, Nov. Bri- 

 tain. PI. creeping and trailing. 



9 L. HEPATIC^EFOLIA (Duby, bot. gall. 1. p. 344. Chav. an- 

 tirrh. p. 100.) glabrous; leaves opposite, usually reniform, 3- 

 5-lobed : lobes rounded and mucronulate : intermediate lobe 

 large ; floriferous pedicels longer than the leaves ; calycine seg- 

 ments linear, acutish, exceeding the capsule. I/ . H. Native 

 of Corsica, on the mountains, Saltzm. ; near Ajaccio, Thorn. ; 

 and at Lake Iria. L. hederaefolia, Saltzm. exsic. Ant. Cym- 

 balaria, var. ft, Lois. fl. gall. 2. p. 373. Ant. hepaticaefolium, 

 Poir. suppl. 4. p. 19. Branches purplish, much shorter than 

 those of L. Cymbalaria. Leaves deep green, usually S-lobed, 

 but sometimes quite entire. Corollas almost twice the size of 

 those of L. Cymbalaria, bluish-purple ; spur usually straight. 

 Capsule globose, glabrous. 



Liverniort-leaved Toad-Flax. Fl. June, Nov. PI. trailing. 



10 L. PA'LLIDA (Tenore, fl. nap. 1. p. 32. et add. fl. nap. t. 

 159. f. 2. syll. p. 302. Chav. antirrh. p. 101.) pubescent; 

 leaves opposite, cordately reniform, 3-5-lobed : lobes rounded, 

 hardly mucronate ; floriferous pedicels shorter than the leaves ; 



