524 



SCROPHULARINE^:. VII. LINARIA. 



2. Leaves narrow, linear, linear-lanceolate, or linear-oblong, 

 all alternate. Flowers racemose, or spicalely racemose, rather 

 large. 



* Seeds angular. 



47 L. LINIFOLIA (Rchb. pi. crit. 5. t. 422. f. 609. fl. germ, 

 sect. 2. p. 374. exclusive of the syn. of Rochel. Chav. antirrh. 



129.) erect, glabrous, a little branched ; leaves linear-lanceo- 

 te, acute, somewhat 3-nerved ; racemes strict, rather loose ; 

 bracteas longer than the pedicels ; calycine segments rather 

 ovate at the base, acuminated, short. If.. H. Native of the 

 Levant, and Italy, by the sea-side. Ant. linifolium, Lin. spec. 

 p. 858. exclusive of the syn. of Tourn. et Buxb. Lam. diet. 4. 

 p. 362, exclusive of the syn. Linaria orientalis, vulgari similis 

 folio longissimo, Tourn. inst. p. 9. Leaves 1 to 1| inch long. 

 Corollas like those of L. genistcefolia, but rather smaller, yel- 

 low, with a deeper coloured villous palate ; spur straight, equal- 

 ing the corolla in length. Capsule opening by 6 small teeth. 

 Seeds subtriquetrous, scrobiculate. 



Flax-leaved Toad-Flax. PI. 1 to 1J foot. 



* * Seeds discoid, marginate. 



48 L. ITA'LICA (Trev. in nov. act. bonn. 13. p. 188. Chav. 

 antirrh. p. 150.) branched; leaves linear-lanceolate or linear, 3- 

 nerved ; flowers crowded ; segments of calyx linear, acute, often 

 ciliated; capsule nearly ovate. 1. H. Native of Switzerland, 

 Italy, Piedmont, Tyrol, Hungary, on the alps. Rchb. pi. crit. 

 5. p. 13. t. 421. f. 608. L. genistaefolia, D. C. fl. fr. 3. p. 

 591. exclusive of the synonymes. L. angustifolia, Rchb. fl. 

 germ. sect. 2. p. 375. exclusive of the syn. of Lang. L. pani- 

 cul&ta, Peyer et Vest, ex Rchb. 1. c. L. linifolia, Roch. pi. 

 ban. rar. p. 60. t. 22. f. 47. and of many other authors. Ant. 

 Bauhini, Gaud. fl. helv. 3. p. 154. Ant. polygalaefblium, Poir. 

 diet, suppl. 4. p. 21. but not of Link, under Linaria. Ant. ge- 

 nistifolium, Vill. dauph. 2. p. 440. exclusive of the syn. of Lin. 

 and Clus. All. pedem. no. 243. exclusive of many synonymes. 

 Sut. fl. helv. 2. p. 34. exclusive of the syn. of Jacq. Chenal, 

 act. helv. 8. p. 242. but not of Lin. nor Lapeyr. Ant. Linaria, 

 var. Lin. spec. p. 859. Hall. hist. no. 337. Plant glaucescent. 

 Leaves an inch and more long. Corollas like those of L. vul- 

 garis, but not above half the size, deep yellow ; palate bearded 

 with white hairs ; spur hardly exceeding the corolla, a little 

 arched. Capsule opening by 6 small valves at apex. Seeds 

 muricated in the centre, and girded by a broad margin. 



Var. ft, angustifolia (Chav. antirrh. p. 131.) leaves exactly 

 linear, very acute; capsule ovate-globose. If.. H. Native of 

 Piedmont, on the banks of the river La Stura, and near Su- 

 perga. 



Italian Toad-Flax. PI. 1 to 2 feet. 



49 L. VULGA'RIS (Mill. diet. ed. 8. no. 1.) simple or branch- 

 ed ; leaves linear, or linear-lanceolate, usually 1 -nerved ; flow- 

 ers disposed in dense spicate racemes ; calycine segments almost 

 lanceolate, acute ; capsule almost cylindrical. %.. H. Native 

 throughout Europe, in sandy fields and in hedges ; also of Po- 

 dolia and Siberia ; in America, but probably introduced from 

 Europe. It is very plentiful in many parts of Britain. Mcench. 

 meth. p. 524. D. C. fl. fr. 3. p. 592. Chav. antirrh. p. 131. 

 Ant. genistifolium, Lapeyr, abr. p. 354. ? Benth. cat. pyr. p. 

 69. with the leaves broader and erect, and the flowers smaller. 

 L. Gebleri, Besser, in herb. D, C. L. ciliata, Lang, in herb. 

 Gay, with ciliated corollas. Ant. commune, Lam. fl. fr. 2. p. 

 340. Ant. Linaria, Lin. spec. p. 858. Bull. herb. t. 261. 

 Gaertn. fruct. 1. p. 248. t. 53. f. 7. Lam. ill. t. 351. f. 3. 

 Sturm, fl. germ. 1. fasc. 18. t. 13. Smith, engl. bot. 10. t. 63. 

 Curt. lond. 1. t. 47. Oed. fl. dan. t. 982. Hall. helv. no. 

 336. Blackw. herb. t. 115. Mor. hist. 2. p. 499. sect. 5. t. 



12. f. 10. Besl. hort. eyst. 1. t. 14. f. 3. Riv. mon. irr. t. 82. 

 Osyris, Pliny, nat. hist. 349. Osy'ris Linaria, Trag. hist. p. 

 357. Oavpie, Diosc. 4. p. 138. Rhizoma creeping, tubercled. 

 Plant glaucous. Leaves about an inch long. Corolla pale yel- 

 low or citron-coloured ; palate copper-coloured ; spur curved, 

 about equal in length to the corolla. Capsule dehiscing by 6-8 

 teeth. Seed with tubercled centre and winged margin. In 

 Worcestershire the plant is called Butter-and-Eggs. Gerard 

 names it Wild-Flax, Toad-Flax, and Flax-weed. It abounds in 

 an acrid oil, that is almost empyreumatic. Given inwardly it 

 excites nausea. It is recommended in dropsical cases ; but 

 Haller and others do not much approve of it. The juice, mixed 

 with milk, is a poison to flies. 



Var. j3, glandiilbsa (Chav. antirrh. p. 132.) downy, usually 

 procumbent ; calyxes glandular. If. . H. Native in woods 

 about Malmedy. Ant. glandulosum, Lejeune, fl. spa. p. 320. 

 Ant. Linaria, var. glandulosum, Lejeune, revue, p. 124. L. 

 prostrata, Bcenn. in Rchb. 1. c. but not of Cyrill. under Antir- 

 rhinum. 



Far. y, specibsa (Chav. 1. c.) leaves linear-lanceolate, rather 

 coriaceous, obsoletely 3-nerved, glaucescent beneath ; flowers 

 larger ; capsule elliptic-oblong. If. . H. Native of Naples, in 

 corn-fields on the mountains. L. speciosa, Ten. fl. neap. 4. t. 

 159. f. 1. syll. p. 304. 



Far. S, acutiloba (Chav. 1. c.) leaves narrow-oblong, or ob- 

 long-lanceolate, usually 3-nerved ; calycine segments often acu- 

 minated ; corolla pale yellow ; palate deep orange-coloured ; 

 lobes sometimes acutish, sometimes obtuse ; capsule subcylin- 

 drical. 1(1. H. Native of Dahuria ; and in shady dry places 

 in the region of Altaia. L. acutiloba, Fisch. mss. Rchb. pi. 

 crit. 5. p. 14. t. 424. f. 611. 



Far. t, Peloria (Lin. amcen. 1. p. 280. Smith, engl. bot. 4. 

 t. 260. nov. diet. sc. nat. veg. t. 31.) corolla almost regular, 

 ending in 5 horns at the base. 



Common Toad- Flax. Fl. June, Sept. Britain. PI. 1 to 2 

 feet. 



50 L. BIEBERSTE'INII (Besser, enum. pi. pod. p. 25. Rchb. 

 pi. crit. 5. t. 434. f. 624. and 625.) branched ; leaves broad- 

 linear, or linear-lanceolate, 3-nerved, mucronate ; flowers dis- 

 posed in a short crowded raceme ; segments of the calyx oblong- 

 linear, acutish, downy ; capsule globose. I/ . H. Native of 

 the South of Podolia ; on the shores of the Black Sea, about 

 Odessa ; in Syria, about Damascus. Chav. antirrh. p. 134. 

 Ant. Linaria, Bieb. fl. cauc. 2. p. 75. exclusive of many syno- 

 nymes. Stem furnished with fastigiate branches. Leaves 1-2 

 inches long. Corollas form of those of L. vulgaris, but a little 

 smaller, pale yellow, with a deeper coloured, bearded palate. 

 Capsule nearly globose, dehiscing by 6-8 valves at apex. Seeds 

 margined, black. 



Biebers tein's Toad- Flax. Fl. June, Aug. Clt. 1820. PI. 1 

 to 3 feet. 



51 L. HEPA'TICA (Bunge, in Led. fl. alt. 2. p. 445. fl. ross. 

 alt. ill. t. 91. Chav. antirrh. p. 134.) branches spreading, 

 elongated, strict ; leaves oblong-linear, acute, glabrous, crowd- 

 ed ; flowers racemose ; calycine segments glabrous, obtuse, 

 about equal in length to the pedicels ; spur slender, straight, 

 about equal in length to the corolla. If,. H. Native of the 

 Kirghisean steppe, on the mountains at the river Kurtschum, 

 and on the mountains of Arkaul and Dolenkara. Plant gla- 

 brous, glaucous, rather procumbent at the base. Leaves some- 

 what 3-nerved. Flowers distant on the raceme. Calycine seg- 

 ments glabrous, rarely glandularly ciliated. Corollas rather 

 large, liver-coloured, or dirty purple, almost like those of 

 Lotus Jacobceus ; palate villous. Seeds black, discoid. 



Z/ztier-coloured-flowered Toad-Flax. PI. 1 to lg foot. 



52 L. PRJE'COX (Bunge, in Led. fl. alt. 2. p. 446. fl. ross. alt. 



