550 



SCROPHULARINEjE. XLII. ARTANEMA. XLIII. TORENIA. 



nearly equal. Corolla funnel-shaped or campanulate ; limb 

 4-clelt, sub-bilabiate ; upper segment broader ; tube furnished 

 with 4 scales inside. Stamens 4, didynamous : the 2 upper 

 ones short, with entire filaments : and the 2 lower ones inserted 

 at the base of the lower lip, with elongated arched filaments, 

 which are furnished each with a short blunt appendage ; anthers 

 cohering by pairs : with divaricate confluent cells. Capsule 

 nearly globose, 2-valved ; valves entire, with flat edges ; disse- 

 piment parallel, placentiferous, at length free. Glabrous herbs, 

 with the habit of Sesamum ; and with the character almost of 

 Torenia. Stems tetragonal. Leaves opposite, subserrated. 

 Flowers disposed in terminal racemes, opposite, on short pedi- 

 cels. Corollas generally blue. 



1 A. FIMBRIA'TA (D. Don, in Sweet, fl. gard. 234.) leaves 

 lanceolate, acute, serrated ; corolla large, tubularly funnel- 

 shaped ; calycine segments lanceolate, mucronulate ; bracteas 

 ovate. 7. G. Native of New Holland, on the banks of the 

 Brisbane river at Moreton Bay. Torenia ? fimbriata, Graham, 

 in edinb. phil. journ. sept. 1831. Torenia scabra, Graham, in 

 bot. mag. 3104. Racemes terminal, 4-16-flowered. Corolla 

 large, blue, clothed with minute glandular pubescence outside ; 

 lobes of corolla unequally serrated. Stem smooth, glossy. 

 Leaves rough to the touch from numerous elevated dots. 



Fringed-fiovtered Artanema. Fl. June, Nov. Clt. 1830. PI. 

 2 to 3 feet. 



2 A. ANGUSTIFOLIA (Benth. scroph. ind. p. 39.) leaves nar- 

 row-lanceolate ; corollas nearly funnel-shaped, twice the length 

 of the calyx. 1. S. Native of Singapore. Diceros angusti- 

 folius, Benth. in Wall. cat. no. 3885. 



Narrow-leaved Artanema. PI. 2 to 3 feet. 



3 A. SESAMOI'DES (Benth. 1. c.) leaves oblong or ovate-lanceo- 

 late ; corollas subcampanulate, twice the length of the calyx. 

 If. . S. Native of the Peninsula of India. Columnea longifolia, 

 Lin. mant. p. 90. Archimenes sesamoides, Vahl, symb. 2. p. 

 71. Sesamum Javanicum, Burm. ind. p. 133. Retz, obs. 4. 

 p. 28. Diceros longifolius, Pers. ench. 2. p. 164. Blum, bijdr. 

 p. 751 Rheed. mal. 9. p. 169. t. 87. 



Sesamum-like Artanema. PI. 2 to 3 feet. 

 Cult. The species grow freely in light rich soil, and are rea- 

 dily increased by cuttings. 



XLIII. TORE'NIA (so named by Linnaeus after Olof Toreen, 

 a Swedish clergyman, who discovered T. Asiatica, with other 

 plants, in China. His voyage to Suratte, China, &c. from 1 750 

 to 1752, is printed with Osbeck's Voyage to China.) Lin. gen. 

 no. 754. Schreb. gen. no. 1011. Juss. gen. p. 122. ed. 

 Usteri, p. 136. Benth. scroph. ind. p. 38. Lam. ill. 523. 

 f. 1. 



LIN. STST. Didynamia, Angiospermia. Calyx tubular, pli- 

 cate, obliquely 5-toothed or bilabiate ; lips 2-3-toothed. Corolla 

 ringent ; upper lip bifid : lower one trifid ; segments almost 

 flat. Stamens 4, didynamous : the 2 upper ones short, with 

 entire filaments : the 2 lower ones inserted at the base of the 

 lower lip ; with arched elongated filaments, which are each fur- 

 nished with a tooth-formed or filiform appendage at the base ; 

 anthers approximating or cohering by pairs, 2-celled : cells 

 diverging or divaricate, confluent at apex. Style simple. 

 Stigma flattened, bilamellate or simple ? Capsule oblong, 

 shorter than the calyx, 2-valved ; valves entire, with flat mar- 

 gins ; dissepiment parallel, placentiferous, at length free. 

 Branched, glabrous, or villous herbs, diffuse at the base. 

 Stems tetragonal. Leaves opposite, usually toothed. Flowers 

 axillary, opposite, or fascicled, sometimes racemose. 



1 T. RACEia6sA (Benth. in Wall. cat. no. 3957. B. C. scroph. 

 ind. p. 38.) hairy ; leaves ovate, acute, wrinkled ; flowers oppo- 



site, racemose ; corolla more than a half longer than the calyx. 

 ^. S. Native of Silhet and Penang. Fructiferous calyx 7-8 

 lines long. Corollas blue. 



Racemose-fiowered Torenia. PI. 1 to 2 feet. 



2 T. FLA'VA (Hamilt. in Wall. cat. no. 3957. Benth. scroph. 

 ind. p. 38.) rather hairy ; leaves ovate-oblong, obtuse, wrin- 

 kled ; flowers opposite, racemose ; corolla hardly exceeding the 

 calyx. 1 . S. Native at Goalpara, Hamilt. Fructiferous calyx 

 6-7 lines long. Corolla yellow. 



Yellow-Rov/ered Torenia. PI. 1 foot. 



3 T. ASIA'TICA (Lin. spec. p. 862. amcen. 3. p. 25. Lam. 

 ill. t. 523. f. 1.) leaves ovate or ovate-lanceolate; peduncles 

 axillary, subfasciculate ; corolla twice the length of the calyx, 

 which is oblong, and attenuated at the base. If.. S. Native 

 throughout India, especially in the mountainous parts. Benth. 

 scroph. ind. p. 38. T. cordifolia, Benth. in Wall. cat. no. 3945. 

 but not of Roxb. T. diflusa, D. Don, prod. fl. nep. p. 86. T. 

 peduncularis, Benth. in Wall. cat. no. 3956. T. alba, Hamilt. 

 ex Benth. in Wall. cat. no. 3961. T. hians, and T. vagans, 

 Roxb. fl. ind. 3. p. 96. T. hirsuta, Willd. spec. 3. p. 266. Gra- 

 tiola alata, Roxb. fl. ind. ed. Car. 1. p. 137.? Bonnaya alata, 

 Spreng. syst. 1. p. 41. Henckelia alata, Link et Schwsegr. et 

 Dietr. spec. pi. 1. p. 573 Rheed. mal. 9. p. 103. t. 53. 

 Plukn. amalth. 85. t. 373. f. 2. This species varies in hairiness, 

 form of leaves, and size of corollas, as it now stands ; but there 

 are probably several species confused under the name. The 

 original plant is said to have been quite glabrous. Fructiferous 

 calyx 8-10 lines long. Calyx 5-winged. Stems creeping, 1 

 foot. 



Asiatic Torenia. Fl. July, Aug. Clt. 1823. PI. 1 to 2 feet. 



4 T. OBTU'SA (Blum, bijdr. p. 754.) stem creeping ; leaves 

 nearly sessile, ovate, bluntish, obsoletely and repandly serrated, 

 smoothish; peduncles axillary, terminal, 1 -flowered; upper lip 

 of corolla obtuse; capsule longer than the calyx. 1. S. Na- 

 tive of the western provinces of Java, in humid places. 



Obtuse-leaved Torenia. PI. creeping. 



5 T. MINU'TA (Blum, bijdr. p. 755.) stem creeping ; leaves 

 on short petioles, ovate, setaceously serrated, subciliated ; pe- 

 duncles axillary and terminal, 1 -flowered ; superior lip of co- 

 rolla emarginate ; capsule equal in length to the calyx. If.. S. 

 Native of Java, in humid grassy places about Buitenzorg. 

 Rheed. mal. 10. t. 50. Said by Blume to be allied to T. hir- 

 suta. 



Minute Torenia. Fl. Year. PI. creeping. 



6 T. CORDIFOLIA (Roxb. cor. 2. p. 32. t. 161.) leaves ovate- 

 cordate ; peduncles axillary, subfascicled, or solitary ; corollas 

 about twice the length of the calyx, which is ovate and rounded 

 at the base. If. . S. Native of the Circars, Roxb. ; Mus- 

 sooree, Royle. Fructiferous calyx broadly winged, hardly 4 

 lines long. Corollas bluish purple. Plant rather hairy. 



Cordate-leaved Torenia. PI. \ foot. 



7 T. PARVIFLORA (Hamilt. in Wall. cat. no. 3958.) leaves 

 ovate ; flowers axillary, somewhat fascicled ; corolla hardly ex- 

 ceeding the linear calyxes, which is attenuated at the base. 1 . ? 

 S. Native at Goalpara, Hamilt. ; Birman Empire, Wall. ; and 

 of Brazil, near Bahia and Rio Janeiro ; and in the Mauritius 

 and Madagascar. Nortenia Thouarsii, Cham, et Schlecht, in 

 Linnaea, 3. p. 18. Torenia pedunculata, Willd. herb. no. 

 11547. Torenia veronicajfolia, Willd. herb. no. 11546. 



Small-flowered Torenia. PI. \ to 1 foot. 



8 T. POLYGONOI'DES (Benth. scroph. ind. p. 39.) procumbent ; 

 leaves roundish ; peduncles axillary, umbellately 3-4-flowered ; 

 calyx campanulate, broadly 3-winged ; tube of corolla shortly 

 exserted. Native of Singapore. Herpestis polygonoides, 

 Benth. in Wall. cat. no. 3897. 



