562 SCROPHULARINEjE. LXII. PHYSOCALYX. LXIII. MELASMA. LXIV. GASTROMERIA. LXV. CENTRANTHERA. 



FIG. 54. 



Shrubs natives of Brazil, densely covered with erect, thickish, 

 quite entire, opposite or alternate leaves. Peduncles axillary, 

 1-flowered, bibracteate, racemose at the tops of the branches. 

 Corollas red or blood-coloured. The three species are very 

 nearly allied, and are scarcely distinct. 



1 P. MA'JOR (Mart. bras. 3. p. 2. t. 201.) leaves ovate or 

 ovate-oblong, obtuse, mucronulate ; bracteoles subulately linear, 

 beneath the flowers ; filaments glabrous ; anthers bearded on 

 the back. fj . G. Native of Brazil, in the province of Minas 

 Geraes, in the Diamond district, Martius ; on Sierra da Muela, 

 Sello. 



Larger Physocalyx. Shrub. 



2 P. MI'NOR (Mart. 1. c. p. 

 3. t. 202.) leaves obovate, 

 acutish ; bracteas subulately 

 linear under the flowers ; fila- 

 ments glabrous ; anthers beard- 

 ed on the back, f; . G. Na- 

 tive along with the preceding, 

 in the Diamond district, Mar- 

 tius (fig. 54.) 



Smaller Physocalyx. Shrub 

 1 foot. 



3 P. AURANTI'ACUS (Pohl, pi. 

 bras. 1. p. 05. t. 53.) leaves 

 obovate-elliptic ; bracteas ob- 

 long-lanceolate under the flow- 

 ers ; filaments villous above, 

 and the anthers on the back. 

 Jj . G. Native of Brazil, in 

 the province of Minas Geraes ; 



on Serro Frio ; and on the tops of mountains, in arid, gravelly, 

 rocky places, between Rio Jetiquinhonha, on the road between 

 Bonfin and Villa de Fanado. Leaves oval-elliptic, obtuse, ses- 

 sile, ex Pohl. 



Orange-coloured-calyxed Physocalyx. Shrub 1 foot. 



Cult. For culture and propagation see Gerdrdia, p. 559. 



LXIII. MELA'SMA (from /^tXac, melas, black ; application 

 not evident in any way, unless from the plants turning black on 

 drying a circumstance common to this order.) Berg. cap. t. 3. 

 Gaertn. fruct. t. 55. Benth. ger. in Hook. comp. p. 202. 

 Nigrina, Lin. main. p. 42. Gerardia species, Lin. fil. suppl. 

 278. Physocalyx and Lyncea species, Cham, et Schlecht, in 

 Linnaea. 



LIN. SYST. Didynamia, Angiospermia. Calyx loose, folia- 

 ceous, at length inflated, 5-cleft at apex. Corolla campanulately 

 funnel-shaped ; lobes of limb short, broad. Stamens subdidy- 

 namous, shorter than the corolla ; anthers all fertile ; cells api- 

 culate at the base. American or Cape herbs ; with usually op- 

 posite leaves ; and axillary, 1-flowered, bracteate pedicels, which 

 are disposed in a subracemose manner. 



1 M. ? HI'SPIDUM (Benth. 1. c.) plant hispid from white pili ; 

 leaves lanceolate, a little toothed, narrowed at the base ; pedun- 

 cles bracteate at apex. %. G. Native of Mexico, near Haci- 

 enda de La Laguna, Schiede and Deppe. Lyncea hispida, 

 Cham, et Schlecht, in Linnsea, 5. p. 108, and 8. p. 24. Leaves 

 alternate or falsely opposite, on short petioles, quite entire or 

 sinuately denticulated. Calycine segments 3-nerved. Lobes 

 of corolla obtuse. 



Hispid Melasma. PI. 3 to 4 feet. 



2 M. RHINANTHOI'DES (Benth. 1. c.) plant very scabrous ; 

 leaves oblong, a little toothed, hardly -narrowed at the base ; 

 peduncles shorter than the calyx, bracteate in the middle. I/ . 

 G. Native of Brazil, at Rio Grande, in many places, Sello and 

 Tweedie. Physocalyx rhinanthoides, Cham, et Schlecht, in 



1 



Linnaea, 8. p. 23. Floriferous calyx about half an inch long. 

 Corolla nearly an inch long. Fructiferous calyx resembling that 

 of Physalis. Capsule obtuse ; valves apparently entire, ex 

 Benth. Leaves linear-lanceolate, obtuse, toothed, ex Cham. 

 1. c. 



Yellorv-rattle-like Melasma. PI. a span to 2 feet. 



3 M. SCA'BRUM (Berg. fl. cap. 162. t. 3. f. 4.) leaves lanceo- 

 late, broadest at the base, toothed, scabrous ; peduncles longer 

 than the calyx, bracteate in the middle. 7/ . G. Native of the 

 Cape of Good Hope. Nigrina viscosa, Lin. mant. p. 42. Ge- 

 rardia Nigrina, Lin. suppl. 278. Flowers closely resembling 

 those of the preceding, and of the same size. Teeth of calyx 

 rather shorter ; and corolla rather fuller, ex Benth. 



Scabrous Melasma. PI. 



Cult. For culture and propagation see Gerardia, p. 559. 



LXIV. GASTROMFRIA (from yaorrip, gaster, a belly ; and 

 fj-epie, meris, a part ; in reference to the inflated calyx.) D. 

 Don, in Sweet, fl. gard. n. s. vol. 1. in a note under no. 75. 

 Lophospermum species, D, Don, in Lin. trans, vol. 15. p. 353. 



LIN. SYST. Didynamia, Angiospermia. Calyx almost glo- 

 bose, membranous, inflated, 5-toothed. Corolla campanulate, 

 nearly equal at the base ; limb 5-lobed, bilabiate. Stamens 4, 

 didynamous ; filaments glabrous ; anthers oblong ; cells con- 

 fluent at apex, loose at the base, diverging, mutic. Ovarium 2- 

 celled ; dissepiment placentiferous on both sides ; ovula minute, 

 angular, very numerous. Fruit unknown. A Mexican shrub, 

 scabrous from callous bristles. Leaves opposite, on short peti- 

 oles, oblong, acute, toothed, pinnately nerved. Flowers axillary, 

 solitary, pedunculate. Peduncles bibracteate. Calyx green. 

 Corolla large, purple ? an inch and a half long. 



1 G. PHYSALOI'DES. [7 . G. Native of Mexico, Sesse and 

 Mocinno. Lophosprmum physaloides, D. Don, in Lin. trans. 

 15. p. 353. Scrophularia physaloides, Moc. et Sesse, mss. 



Physalis-like Gastromeria. Shrub erect. 



Cult. For culture and propagation see Gerdrdia, p. 559. 



LXV. CENTRANTHE'RA (from Ktvrpov, kentron, a spur; 

 and nvdrjpa, anthera, an anther ; cells of anthers mucronate or 

 spurred.) R. Br. prod. p. 438. Benth. scroph. ind. p. 50. 



LIN. SYST. Didynamia, Angiospermia. Calyx compressed, 

 cleft on one side, entire, or at length somewhat 4-cleft. Corolla 

 tubular or funnel-shaped; limb spreading or bilabiate; lobes 5, 

 roundish : the lower one the largest. Stamens shorter than the 

 corolla. Anthers approximate by pairs, 2-celled ; cells parallel 

 or transverse, mucronate or spurred. Stigma oblong, thickened. 

 Capsule ovoid or oblong, 2-valved; valves entire. Seeds minute, 

 with a loose aril-formed testa. Erect or diffuse, scabrous, stiff 

 herbs, becoming black on drying. Leaves almost sessile, oppo- 

 site, oblong or lanceolate, quite entire or few-toothed. Flowers 

 sessile, alternate, or the lower ones are opposite, usually secund : 

 lower ones remote : superior ones sometimes spiked. 



1 C. ORANDIFLORA (Benth. in Wall. cat. no. 3880. scroph. 

 ind. p. 850.) erect, glabrous, scabrous from tubercles ; flowers 

 secund, approximate, large ; calyx oblong, inflated, cleft on one 

 side and very acute on the other, y. . 1 G. Native of Silhet, 

 on the mountains, Wall. Calyx 9 lines long. Corolla 21 

 lines long, purplish. 



Great-Jlomered Centranthera. PI. 



2 C. HI'SPIDA (R. Br. prod. 438.) erect, clothed with hoary 

 pili ; flowers remote ; calyx ovate, cleft on one side and acutely 

 2-3-cleft on the other. O- G. Native of New Holland, within 

 the tropic, R. Br. ; East Indies, throughout Hindostan, Nipaul, 

 Kamaon, and the mountains of Prome, Wall. ; and at Kidar- 

 konta, Royle. Wall. pi. rar. asiat. 1. p. 39. t. 45. C. Nepal- 



