SCROPHULARINE.E. LXXII. GYMNANDRA. LXXIII. PICROHHIZA. LXXIV. GEOCHORDA. 



581 



Cult. The species of Wulfenia are very showy while in 

 blossom, and are well fitted for decorating flower borders. They 

 grow well in any light rich soil, and are readily increased by 

 division and by seeds. A duplicate plant, or two of each kind 

 should be grown in pots, so that they may be placed under 

 shelter with more ease in winter, as they are liable to rot at 

 that season, if they are allowed to remain in the open air. 



LXXII. GYMXA'NDRA (from yvjuvoc, gymnos, naked ; and 

 QKJ/P avcpoc, aner andros, a male.) Pall. itin. 3. p. 710. append, 

 no. 60. t. A. f. 1. Willd. in mag. gess. naturf. freund. berol. 

 390. t. 9-10. Benth. scroph. ind. p. 46. Lagotis, Gaertn. nov. 

 comm. petrop. 14. p. 533. t. 18. f. 2. Veronica species, Gmel. 

 Bartsia species, Lin. fil. 



LIN. SYST. Didndria, Monogynia. Calyx spathaceous, cleft 

 on one side, or bipartite ; segments entire, or toothed. Corolla 

 tubular; limb sub- bilabiate ; upper lip entire, emarginate, or 

 bifid : lower one 2-4-cleft ; segments all flat. Stamens 2, placed 

 at the sides of the upper lip, without any vestiges of lower 

 ones ; anthers 2-celled ; cells sub-confluent at apex. Stigma 

 truncate, or thickened and capitate. Capsule 2-celled ; cells 1- 

 seeded. Seeds oblong, a little curved, ex Cham, et Schlecht, 

 under G. Gmellm. Erect, glabrous herbs, becoming black on 

 drying. Steins many, simple, rising from the neck. Radical 

 leaves petiolate : cauline ones smaller : the uppermost ones 

 usually scale-formed. Flowers sessile in the axils of the brae- 

 teas, disposed in terminal crowded spikes. 



1 G. KUNAWURE'SSIS (Royle, mss. ex Benth, scroph. ind. p. 

 47.) radical leaves ovate, rather deeply toothed, rounded, or 

 narrowed at the base ; stamens very short at the base of the 

 upper lip of corolla ; style equal in length to the stamens ; 

 stigma 2- lobed. It. H. Native of Kanaour (Kunawur), Royle. 

 The lower lip of the corolla is probably always 4-cleft. Said to 

 be allied to G. Gmelint, Cham, et Schlecht, but the spike is 

 more slender. Corollas blue. 



Kanaour Gymnandra. PI. 5 foot. 



2 G. CASHMERIA'NA (Royle, ill. bot. himal. t. 73. f. 3.) radical 

 leaves oblong, coarsely crenated, and quite entire, narrowed a 

 long way at the base ; spike short, ovate ; corolla incurved at 

 apex ; stamens rather exceeding the superior lip ; style shorter 

 than the stamens. I/ . H. Native of Cashmere, Royle. Corol- 

 las blue. Lower lip of corolla usually bifid. 



Cashmere Gymnandra. PI. 5 foot. 



3 G. GMELINI (Cham, et Schlecht, in Linnaea, 2. p. 561.) 

 radical leaves roundish, or elongately-ovate, rather attenuated at 

 the base, bluntish, coarsely and unequally crenated ; stamens 

 not above half the length of the superior lip ; style shorter 

 than the stamens. y.. H. Native of Kamtschatka, Bhering's 

 Island, Unalasclika, and most of the Aleutian Islands. G. 

 ovata, Willd. 1. c. 5. p. 395. t. 10. f. 8. Willd. herb. no. 262. 

 G. reniformis, Willd. 1. c. p. 396. t. 10. f. 9. Lagotis glauca, 

 Gaertn. in nov. comm. petrop. 14. p. 534. t. 18. f. 2. Gym- 

 nandra borealis, var. ex Kamtschatka et Insula Beeringii, Pall, 

 itin. 3. p. 712. Veronica, foliis inferioribus ovatis crenatis, 

 superioribus rotundis mucronatis, caule spica terminate, Gmel. 

 fl. sib. 3. p. 219. The whole plant glabrous and succu- 

 lent. Spikes short, dense. Corolla blue ; lower lip bifid, or 

 trifid. 



Gmelint Gymnandra. PI. to 2 feet. 



4 G. STELLE'RI (Cham, et Schlecht, 1. c. p. 563.) radical 

 leaves oblong, attenuated at both ends, but most so at the 

 base, acute, unequally and bluntly serrated ; stamens almost the 

 length of the upper lip ; style longer than the stamens. If. . H. 

 Native of Siberia, between the river Lena and the ocean, Steller; 

 Bay of St. Lawrence, Cham. ; and probably in the Island of St. 

 Lawrence. G. minor, Willd. 1. c. p. 393. t. 9. f. 3. herb. no. 



258. G. dentata, Willd. 1. c. p. 394. t. 9. f. 4. herb. no. 260. 

 G. gracilis, Willd. 1. c. p. 394. t. 9. f. 5. G. elongata, Willd. 

 1. c. Gymnandra borealis var. inter Lenam et Oceanum lecta, 

 Pall. itin. 3. p. 712. Plant slender, quite glabrous. Spikes 

 slender. Corolla blue ; lower lip 2-3-parted. 



Steller's Gymnandra. PI. A to 1 foot. 



5 G. PALLA'SII (Cham, et Schlecht, 1. c. p. 564.) radical 

 leaves roundish, or elongately ovate, acutish, attenuated at the 

 base, quite entire, or obsoletely crenated ; stamens not above 

 half the length of the superior lip ; style longer than the sta- 

 mens. 3. H. Native of Davuria, on the tops of the alps ; and 

 of arctic Siberia. C. integrifblia, Willd. 1. c. p. 392. t. 9. f. 1. 

 herb. no. 255. G. Altaica, Willd. 1. c. p. 395. t. 10. f. 7. herb, 

 no. 257. Gymnandra borealis ex arcto et alpibus Davuriae, 

 Pall. itin. 3. p. 712. t. A. f. 1. Bartsia Gymnandra, Lin. fil. 

 Flowers blue. Lower lip of corolla constantly 2-lobed. All 

 the segments of the corolla are narrow. 



Pallas' f Gymnandra. PI. to 1 foot. 



Cull. For culture and propagation see JVulfenia, p. 580. 

 Pretty alpine plants. 



H. Stamens 4, didynamous. 



LXXIII. PICRORHPZA (from ucpoc, picros, bitter; and 

 pia, rhiza, a root ; in reference to the bitterness of the root.) 

 Royle, ill. bot. himal. t. 71. Benth. scroph. ind. p. 47. 



LIN. SYST. Didynamia, Angiospermia. Calyx campanulate, 

 about equally 5-cleft. Corolla campanulate, shorter than the 

 calyx, about equally 4-cleft ; segments quite entire. Stamens 

 4, inserted at the throat of the corolla, nearly equal, diverging, 

 much exserted ; anthers 2-celled : cells confluent at top. Stig- 

 ma hardly thickened. Valves of capsule septiferous in the mid- 

 dle, bipartite ; dissepiment duplicate. Seeds nearly inclosed in 

 an aril-formed vesiculose membrane. 



1 P. KURRO'A (Royle, ill. bot. himal. t. 71.) Native of 

 Gosainsthan and Kamaon, Wall. ; Kidarconta, Royle. Veronica 

 Lindleyana, Wall. cat. no. 404. Herb almost stemless. Radical 

 leaves oblong, narrowed into the petioles at the base, serrately 

 crenated at top, or beset with a few short scattered hairs. 

 Scapes naked, erect. Flowers sessile, densely spicate. 



Kurroa Picrorhiza. PI. | foot. 



Cult. For culture and propagation see Wulfenia, p. 580. 



LXXIV. GEOCHO'RDA (from yr,, ge, the earth ; and 

 \oplri, chorde, a cord ; in reference to the whip-like, creeping 

 stems.) Cham, et Schlecht, in Linnaea, 3. p. 11. Herpestis 

 species, Spreng. 



LIN. SYST. Didynamia, Angiospermia. Calyx 5-parted, 

 equal. Corolla funnel-shaped ; limb nearly equal, 4-parted. 

 Stamens 4, nearly equal, a little exserted ; anthers oblong, 2- 

 celled ; cells opposite, fixed by the middle. Capsule oblong, 

 inclosed in the calyx, which is permanent, 2-celled, with a locu- 

 licidal dehiscence ; dissepiment from the involute margin of 

 the valves ; placenta central, stipitate. Root rather woody. 

 Stems articulated, terete, prostrate, rooting at the joints. Leaves 

 opposite or 3-4 in a whorl, furnished with young branches in 

 the axils, hence the leaves appear fascicled ; from obovate to 

 roundish, cuneated, and tapering into the petioles, lobed ; lobes 

 crenated, or irregularly and sometimes doubly crenated, quite 

 entire in the cuneated part. Young stems, nodi, petioles, pe- 

 duncles, and calyxes covered with long, curled, articulated hairs. 

 Pedicels axillary, twin from the 4-leaved nodi, and shorter than 

 the leaves ; the rest very variable in length, usually very short, 

 filiform, terete, l-flowered. Calyx bractless. 



1 G. CUNEATA (Cham, et Schlecht, 1. c.) Tf. ? ^ . F. Na- 

 tive of the South of Brazil, in the provinces of Rio Grande do 



