610 



SCROPHULARINE^E. XCIV. EUPHRASIA. 



segments of corolla emarginate ; capsule equal in length or ex- 

 ceeding the calyx. Q. H. Native of Europe, Siberia, Aleu- 

 tian Islands, on heaths and other dry places, especially on 

 a chalky or sandy soil ; plentiful in Britain, in like situations. 

 Curt. lond. 5. t. 42. Fl. dan. 1037. Woodv. med. bot. 2. p. 

 220. Sabb. hort. rom. 3. t. 9. Blackw. 427. Smith, engl. bot. 

 t. 1416. Riv. mon. t. 90. f. 1. The plant varies much in size, 

 branched or quite simple. Flowers varying much in colour from 

 white to yellow ; limb tinged with blue or streaked with purple. It 

 seems to have been unnoticed by the ancients. The Arabians men- 

 tion it under the name of Adhil. Mathaeus Sylvaticus, a physician 

 of Mantua, who lived about the year 1320, recommended this 

 plant in disorders of the eyes. It is still in use, particularly as 

 an ingredient in British herb tobacco ; and Mr. Lightfoot says 

 that the highlanders of Scotland make an infusion of it in milk, 

 and anoint the patient's eyes with a feather dipped in it. It is, 

 however, neglected by the faculty ; and even thought by some 

 to be injurious, at least in inflammation of the eyes. It is a 

 weak astringent, but there seems to be no foundation for the old 

 notion of its being useful in disorders of the eyes. 



Var. J3, elatior (Benth. scroph. ind. p. 51.) taller, pubescent, 

 simple or branched. . H. Native of the Himalaya, Ka- 

 maon, Cashmere, and at Kidarkonta. E. depauperata, Benth. 

 in. Wall. cat. no. 3886. E. simplex, D. Don, prod. fl. nep. 

 p95. 



Var. y, nemorbsa (Bull. herb, ex Led. fl. alt. 2. p. 422.) 

 erect, nearly simple ; serratures of leaves setaceous. 0. H. 

 Native in dry places. Pers. ench. 2. p. 149. Bess. enum. pi. 

 volh. p. 25. 



Var. S, intermedia (Led. 1. c.) erectish, nearly simple ; leaves 

 serrated : lower ones distant ; serratures of the upper ones sub- 

 setaceous. Q. H. Native of the sandy banks of rivers and 

 lakes. E. officinalis, Lin. spec. 841. Bieb. fl. taur. 2. p. 69. 

 Gmel. sib. 3. p. 212. no. 25. 



Var. c, imbricata (Pers. ench. 2. p. 149.) plant minute, 

 branched ; leaves of stem adpressed, cuneate, toothed at apex. 

 0, H. Native of France, in sandy places near Dax. Leaves 

 quite entire towards the base. 



Var. , alpestris (Wimmer et Crabowsky, fl. siles. 2. p. 218. 

 Led. 1. c.) stem short erect, simple, few-leaved ; leaves bluntish, 

 serrated; corolla large, of a purplish-violet colour. . H. 

 Native of alpine places. 



Var. n, alplna (Duby, bot. gall. 1. p. 354.) leaves setaceously 

 toothed ; calyx glabrous, with linear-setaceous segments. . 

 H. Native of the alps of Salisburgh, Switzerland, and the Py- 

 renees. E. Salisburgensis, Funk, in Roem. arch. 1. p. 43. 

 Hoppe, taschenb. 1794. p. 190. E, alpina, Lam. ill. t. 518. 

 f. 2. 



Var. 0, minima (Duby, 1. c.) stem nearly simple, small; leaves 

 obtuse ; calycine segments lanceolate. . H. Native of the 

 alps of France, in arid pastures ; and of the Pyrenees. E. 

 minima, Jacq. ex Pers. ench. 2. p. 149. A. officinalis, /3, Lam. 

 diet. 2. p. 400. Upper leaves acutely toothed. Corolla yellow, 

 with bluish veins. 



Officinal Eyebright. Fl. July, Sept. Britain. PI. | to \ 

 foot. 



2 E. TARTA'RICA (Fisch. ex Spreng. syst. 2. p. 777.) clothed 

 with subglandular villi ; leaves sessile, broad-ovate, serrated ; 

 calyx clothed with glandular pubescence ; segments of corolla 

 emarginate; capsule exceeding the calyx. 0. H. Native of 

 Altaia, in dry open places at the rivers Siba and Kerlyx, (Led.) 

 Tcharysch, (Bunge.) Led. fl. ross. alt. ill. t. 435. Very like 

 E. officinalis ; but differs in being clothed with glandular villi ; 

 the villi in E. officinalis being simple and retrograde. 



Tartarian Eyebright. PI. 1 to 1 foot. 



3 E. TRICUSPIDA' TA (Lin. spec. 841.) leaves cuneiform-linear, 



1 



tricuspidate ; segments of the lower lip of corolla emarginate. 

 . H. Native of Italy; Carniola, on the alps. Plukn. aim. 

 142. t. 177. f. 1. Zanich. hist. 110. t. 76. Leaves linear, with 

 one tooth on each side. Corollas similar to those of E. offi- 

 cinalis. 



Tricuspidate-\eaved Eyebright. PL \ to \ foot. 



4 E. A'SPERA (Brot. fl. lus. 1. p. 185.) stem terete, smooth; 

 leaves ovate, bluntly serrated, scabrous, rugosely lined. . H. 

 Native of Portugal. Plant apparently suffruticose. 



Rough Eyebright. PI. J foot. ? 



2. Species natives of Australia. Anthers usually bearded. 



5 E. ALPI'NA (R. Br. prod. p. 436.) leaves cuneated, 3-5- 

 crenated, glabrous ; those of the fertile branches distant, and 

 those of the sterile ones decussate ; calyxes nearly sessile, 

 pubescent, a little shorter than the capsule ; segments of corolla 

 all emarginate. 0. H. Native of Van Diemen's Land. 



Alpine Eyebright. PI. i foot. ? 



6 E. TETRAGONA (R. Br. 1. c.) stem tetragonal ; leaves 

 nearly oval, 3-5-toothed, obtuse, glabrous ; calyxes glabrous, 

 obtuse, nearly sessile, equalling the capsule in length ; lower 

 segments of corolla emarginate. . H. Native of the south 

 coast of New Holland. 



Tetragonal-stemmed Eyebright. PI. J foot. ? 



7 E. COLLI'NA (R. Br. 1. c.) leaves linear-cuneated, bluntly 

 tridentate, glabrous; spikes many-flowered, the lower pairs dis- 

 tant ; calyxes glabrous, about one half shorter than the capsule ; 

 segments of corolla all emarginate. . H. Native of Van 

 Diemen's Land. 



Hill Eyebright. PI. foot. ? 



8 E. STRIA'TA (R. Br. 1. c.) stems ascending ; leaves and 

 bracteas somewhat palmately 5-lobed, glabrous ; spikes obo- 

 vate ; flowers all imbricate ; calyxes acutish, glabrous ; seg- 

 ments of corolla striated, retuse. Q. H. Native of Van Die- 

 men's Land. 



Striated Eyebright. PI. i foot. ? 



9 E. PALUDOSA (R. Br. 1. c.) leaves linear, acutish, few- 

 toothed, glabrous ; those of the branches distant ; spikes many- 

 flowered, with the lower pairs distinct ; calyxes acutish ; seg- 

 ments of corolla nearly entire. . H. Native of New South 

 Wales, about Port Jackson. 



Marsh Eyebright. PI. to foot. ? 



10 E. SPECIOSA (R. Br. 1. c. p. 437.) leaves decussate, ovate, 

 crenately cut, and are, as well as the stem, which is erect, sca- 

 brous ; calyxes acutish ; segments of corolla retuse : lower 

 middle one emavginate. Q. H. Native of New South Wales, 

 along with the preceding. 



Showy Eyebright. PI. | foot. ? 



HE. SCA'BRA (R. Br. 1. c.) plant scabrous from glandular 

 pubescence ; leaves lanceolate, dentately cut ; calyxes acute ; 

 corolla downy, with entire segments. Q. H. Native of Van 

 Diemen's Land, and the south coast of New Holland. 



Scabrous Eyebright. PI. | to | foot. ? 



12 E. ARGU'TA (R. Br. 1. c.) stem erect; plant pubescent; 

 leaves lanceolate, pinnatifidly cut, scabrous ; calyxes and brac- 

 teas setaceously acuminated; segments of corolla entire. 0. 

 H. Native of New South Wales, about Port Jackson. 



$7iar/>-toothed-leaved Eyebright. PI. J to | foot. ? 



13 E. CUNEA^TA (Forst. prod. no. 234.) leaves cuneiform- 

 ovate, toothed at apex ; segments of the lower lip of corolla 

 subemarginate. 0. H. Native of New Zealand. 



JPedge-leaved Eyebright. PI. foot. ? 



3. Species natives of South America. Anthers usually 

 glabrous, mucronate at the base, exserted. 



14 E. sANTOLiN^rbLiA (H. B. et Kunth, nov. gen. amer. 2. 



