62G 



RHINANTHACE.E. III. PEDICXJLARIS. IV. MELAMPYRUM. 



to the spike. Radical leaves similar to those of Splrafa fili- 

 pendula. Bracteas large, foliaceous. Corolla cream-coloured. 

 Filaments all bearded. Capsule length of calyx. 

 Wilhelms's Lousewort. PI. ^ to 1 J foot. 



72 P. FOLIOSA (Lin. syst. 552. mant. 86. Stev. mon. p. 56.) 

 stem simple ; leaves pinnate : leaflets pinnatifid, with lanceolate, 

 unequally toothed segments ; spike dense ; calyx obliquely 5- 

 toothed ; galea of corolla very blunt. %. H. Native of 

 Europe, as of Switzerland, Hungary, Dauphiny, Italy, even to 

 the Crimea. Jacq. austr. 2. t. 139. P. comosa, Scop. earn, 

 no. 765. Hall. helv. no. 317. t. 9. f. 3. P. sumana, Poll. pi. 

 ver. 16. Stem short, and almost naked, or tall and leafy. 

 Calyx glabrous, or hairy. Corolla cream-coloured ; galea 

 downy, or glabrous. 



Leafy Lousewort. Fl. July. Clt. 1786. PI. \ to 3 feet. 



73 P. CONDENSA'TA (Bieb. fl. taur. 2. p. 73. no. 1193.) stem 

 simple ; leaves pinnate : leaflets pinnatifid, with lanceolate, une- 

 qually toothed segments ; calyx woolly, tubular, with a straight, 

 5-toothed mouth ; galea of corolla very blunt. I/ . H. Na- 

 tive of Caucasus, in humid, alpine meadows ; Iberia, above 

 Tschala ; and of Hyrcania. This is a very showy species ; the 

 leaves and flowers as they ascend give the stem a pyramidal 

 appearance. Corolla exactly of P. folibsa. Filaments all beard- 

 ed, more or less. 



Dense Lousewort. PI. 1 foot. ? 



74 P. TRISTIS (Lin. spec. 846. Stev. mon. p. 57. t. 10. f. 

 2.) stem simple ; leaves pinnatifid, with short, obtuse, sharply 

 and doubly denticulated segments ; spike dense ; calyx 5-cleft ; 

 galea of corolla furnished with a short mucrone, villous on the 

 edges. 0. H. Native of the Altaian mountains, in Dauria, 

 and beyond the Lena, &c. ; also of Kamtschatka. Pall. itin. 2. 

 p. 566. 3. p. 444. P. macrocarpos, Pall. herb. Gmel. sib. 3. 

 p. 212. no. 23. Plant trailing. Corolla yellow. Filaments 

 glabrous. Capsule hardly exceeding the calyx. 



A$a<f-flowered Lousewort. PI. -J to 1 foot. 



75 P. ACAU'LIS (Wulf. in Jacq. coll. 1. p. 207. t. 14.) stem- 

 less ; leaves pinnate : leaflets ovate, obtuse, toothed ; scapes or 

 peduncles 1 -flowered, shorter than the leaves; calyx 5-cleft, 

 with toothed segments ; galea obtuse, with a villous margin. 

 If.. H. Native of the alps of Carniola and Carinthia. Scop, 

 earn. no. 761. t. 31. Flowers showy, very unlike those of 

 other species. Corolla whitish. Filaments all villous at the 

 base, or only 2 of them. 



Stemless Lousewort. PI. dwarf. 



Cult. All the species of Pedicularis are extremely shy of cul- 

 tivation. Peat soil and a moist situation suit the generality of 

 the species. All foreign species require the protection of a 

 frame, or other covering in winter, and for this purpose they 

 had better be grown in pots. Tragus affirms, and others take 

 it from him, that these plants in pastures breed lice on animals 

 that feed on them. The truth, however, seems to be, that they 

 indicate a very bad pasture, and the want of proper food may 

 occasion the cattle to be in bad condition, and to breed vermin. 



IV. MELAMPY'RUM (MfXaprvpov, ofTheophrastus; from 

 ^leXag, melas, black ; and irvpoc, pyros, wheat.) Tourn. inst. t. 

 78. Lin. gen. no. 742. Schreb. gen. no. 999. Juss. gen. p. 

 101. ed. Usteri. p. 113. Gaertn. fruct. 1. p. 244. t. 53. Lam. 

 ill. t. 518. Schukhr, handb. t. 170. Nutt. gen. amer. 2. p. 58. 

 Led. fl. alt. 2. p. 438. 



LIN. SYST. Didynamia, Angiospermia. Calyx tubular, bila- 

 biate, 4- cleft. Corolla tubular, bilabiate : upper lip galeate, 

 compressed, with the margin folded back : lower lip grooved, 

 trifid, nearly equal. Stamens 4, didynamous, inclosed ; anthers 

 oblong ; cells acuminated. Capsule 2-celled, obliquely acumi- 



nated, opening on one side ; cells 2-seeded, ex Nutt., 1-seeded, 

 ex Lin. Seeds cartilaginous, cylindrically oblong, or ovoid. 

 Annual plants. Leaves opposite, lanceolate-linear, entire. Flow- 

 ers opposite, usually secund, forming terminal racemes ; bracteas 

 more or less pinnatifid. 



1 M. CRISTA'TUM (Lin. spec. 842.) spike quadrangular ; 

 bracteas cordate, plicate, denticulated, imbricate, coloured ; ca- 

 lycine segments linear, acute. Q. H. Native of the North and 

 middle of Europe, and Siberia, in meadows and woods ; plentiful 

 in some parts of Britain. Smith, engl. bot. t. 41. Fl. dan. 

 1104. Riv. mon. t. 81. f. 1. Plukn. phyt. t. 99. f. 2. Mor. 

 hist. sect. 11. t. 23. f. 32. Leaves linear-lanceolate, quite 

 entire. Flowers reddish, yellow, and white. Beard of throat 

 constantly yellow. According to Relham the galea is purplish, or 

 white, with a yellow edge. Corolla gaping. 



Crested Cow-wheat. Fl. July, Aug. England. PI. 1 to 

 Ij foot. 



2 M. ARVE'NSE (Lin. spec. 842.) spikes conical, loose ; brac- 

 teas ovate, setaceously-toothed, coloured ; teeth of calyx sca- 

 brous, lanceolate-linear, acuminated ; corollas closed. 0. H. 

 Native of the South of Europe, in fields of wheat ; in England 

 but rare, particularly in Norfolk. Smith, engl. t. 53. Fl. dan. 

 911. Riv. mon. t. 80. Sabb. hort. rom. 3. t. 8. Mor. hist, 

 sect. 11. t. 23. f. 1. Triticum vaccinium, Dod. pempt. 541. f. 

 2. Lob. icon. 1. t. 37. Plant slightly downy. Leaves linear 

 lanceolate. Bracteas purple, entire at top. Corolla yellow, and 

 dusky purple. The seeds when ground with corn give a bitter- 

 ness and greyish cast to the bread, but do not render it unwhole- 

 some. 



Var. /3, argyrocomium (Fisch.) Native of the alpine regions 

 of Caucasus. Bracteas white. 



Corn-field Cow-wheat. Fl. June, July. England. PI. 1 to 

 l foot. 



3 M. BARBA'TUM (Waldst. et Kit. ex Willd. spec. 3. p. 198.) 

 spikes conical, loose ; bracteas setaceously toothed ; teeth of 

 calyx bearded; corolla gaping. Q. H. Native of the south 

 of Hungary, in fields. This species differs from M. arvense, 

 to which it is nearly allied, in the bracteas being green, in 

 the teeth of the calyx being furnished with long diaphanous 

 hairs, in the corolla being gaping, the upper lip more villous on 

 the edges, and the corolla totally yellow. 



Bearded-calyxed Cow-wheat. PI. 1 to 1^ foot. 



4 M. NEMORO'SUM (Lin. spec. 843.) flowers secund, lateral ; 

 bracteas cordate-lanceolate, toothed : upper bracteas coloured, 

 sterile; calyxes woolly, lanceolate, or ovate acuminated. . 

 H. Native of Europe, in woods ; as of Upland and Scania, 

 Denmark, Switzerland, Carniola, Austria, Silesia, and Dau- 

 phiny. Fl. dan. t. 305. M. sylvaticum, Riv. mon. t. 81. f. 2. 

 Barrel, icon. t. 769. f. 2. Stem 4 cornered. Leaves ovate- 

 lanceolate, acuminated, or somewhat sagittate, eared and toothed 

 at the base, rough, hairy beneath, with hispid edges. Brac- 

 teas bluish violet, jagged, or toothed at the base. Corolla 

 greenish yellow ; throat deeper yellow ; the tube purplish. 

 Calyx coloured, woolly. Anthers bearded at the base. This 

 is the most showy of the species. 



Grove Cow-wheat. Fl. July, Aug. Clt. ? PI. 1 to 1| foot. 



5 M. PRATE'NSK (Lin. spec. 843.) flowers axillary, secund ; 

 corollas gaping ; leaves long-lanceolate : floral ones hastate, or 

 pinnatifidly cut ; calycine segments linear, acuminated. Q. H. 

 Native of the North of Europe, in dry fields and woods ; plen- 

 tiful in many parts of Britain, in like situations. Smith, engl. 

 bot. t. 113. Hall. helv. no. 308. Besl. eyst. t. 150. f. 2. 

 Mor. hist. sect. 11. t. 23. f. 3. Besl. eyst. astiv. 12. t. 2. f. 2. 

 Crataeogonum album, Gerard, herb. 84. emac. 91. Corolla full 

 yellow ; throat orange coloured. 



