GESNERIACKE. XXII. DIDYMOCARPUS. XXIII. CHIRATA. 



659 



acutely toothed, and with two pairs of others at the top of the 

 stem, which are crowded, ovate, acutely toothed ; peduncles 2-3, 

 terminal, twice or thrice dichotornous or trichotomous ; central 

 pedicels twin, or solitary : terminal ones by threes. 11 . G. 

 Native of Nipaul and Kamaon, on rocks and trunks of trees. 

 Plant pubescent. Bracteas or involucels cordate under each 

 division of the peduncles. Calyx campanulate, fleshy, bluntly 5- 

 toothed. Corollas purple. This species yields an aromatic 

 drug, which is in high repute among the Hindoos, especially 

 their ladies, who use it as a perfume. It is called Kvmkuma, 

 also Rani-Goindhi, and consists of the dried primordial leaves, 

 which are wrinkled, small ovate, covered with dense silvery, 

 soft hairs, intermixed with numerous brown, resinous dots. 

 When rubbed between the fingers they assume a reddish tinge. 

 Their fragrance is of a very delightful kind, and continues long 

 after they have been dried. The leaves of all the species pos- 

 sess in a greater or le>s degree a peculiar fragrance, which is 

 elicited by rubbing the green parts, but is entirely lost in the 

 dried state, except in the present species. 

 Aromatic Didymocarpus. PI. J? to 1 foot. 



7 D. PRIMULIFOUA (D. Don, prod. fl. nep. p. 123.) stem 

 downv, bearing 4 crowded leaves at top ; leaves cordate-oval, 

 petiolate, twice crenated, wrinkled and silky on both surfaces ; 

 peduncles twin, many-flowered, and are, as well as the calyxes, 

 pilose ; bracteas or involucels roundish oval, mucronate, connate 

 at the base. Tl. G. Native of Nipaul. Radical leaves none. 

 Leaves very like those of Primula teris. Calycine segments 

 roundish. Corolla purple. 



Primrose-leared Didymocarpus. PI. ^ to 1 foot. 



8 D. CRISI'TA (Jack. mal. misc. vol. 1. Lin. trans. 14. p. 

 33. t. 2. f. -2. a. i.) stem short, thick, erect; leaves alternate, 

 long, spatulate, acute, serrated, pilose, red; peduncles 2-5 toge- 

 ther, axillary, 1 -flowered, cohering with the petioles at the base ; 

 calvx reddish, hairy. 7/ . S. Native of Pulo-Penang, in the 

 forests, where it is called Timmu by the natives. Root long, 

 tapering. The whole plant hairy. Leaves crowded, nearly 

 sessile, 9-10 inches long. Peduncles furnished each with 2 

 alternate bracteas. Corolla white, tinged with purple ; tube 

 incurved, swelling above ; limb sub-bilabiate. Anthers com- 

 posed of 2 divaricate, transverse lobes. 



Long-haired Didymocarpus. PI. 1 foot with the leaves. 



9 D. RACEMOSA (Jack, in Lin. trans. 14. p. 34.) stem erect; 

 leaves opposite, lanceolate, attenuated at both ends, doubly ser- 

 rated, glabrous above ; peduncles axillary, usually bifid ; flow- 

 ers racemose, disposed in two rows along the rachis. If. S. 

 Native oi Sumatra, on the west coast at Tappanooly. Leaves 

 crowded, on short petioles, spreading about 9 inches long ; all 

 the nerves on the under surface, and the midrib on the upper, 

 pilose ; petioles short, stem-clasping. Peduncles covered with 

 purple, glandular hairs. Bracteas lanceolate, acuminated, ser- 

 rated, ciliated. Corolla white. Calyx reddish, hairy. Capsule 

 linear, hairy. 



.Racemose-flowered Didymocarpus. PI. i foot. 



10 D. RE'PTANS (Jack. 1. c. p. 35.) prostrate, creeping ; leaves 

 petiolate, elliptic, crenulated : peduncles 1-3 together, axillary, 

 ! -flowered. It. S. Native of Pulo-Penang, in the forests, 

 where it is called Timmu-Kichel by the Malays. Stem villous. 

 Leaves lying flat, slightly cordate, opposite, obtuse, covered with 

 white hairs, rather reddish beneath. Petioles villous. Pedun- 

 cles furnished with bracteas near the summit. Corolla white, 

 funnel-shaped, somewhat irregular, similar to those of D. crinlta. 

 Anthers approximate, reniform, 2-celled. Disk surrounding 

 the ovarium, 5-toothed. 



Cretping Didymocarpus. PI. creeping. 



1 1 D. CORNICCLA'TA (Jack, 1. c. p. 36.) villous : stem erect ; 



leaves alternate, obovate, acuminated, serrated ; flowers fastigi- 

 ate, secund ; peduncles solitary, axillary, elongated. 2f. S. 

 Native of Sumatra, at Tappanooly. Peduncles bearing several 

 dense fascicles of secund flowers, spreading in a kind of semi- 

 circle somewhat in the manner of Lotus corniculatus. Pedi- 

 cels and calyxes covered with glandular hairs. Bracteas linear, 

 acute. Corolla white, form of the genus ; anthers cohering ; 

 cells transverse. The capsules spreading horizontally like radii 

 in a semicircle, of which the peduncle is the axis. 

 Horned Didymocarpus. PI. 1 to 2 feet. 



12 D. BARBA V TA (Jack. 1. c. p. 38.) shrubby, erect; leaves 

 opposite, ovate, somewhat unequal sided, hairy ; peduncles slen- 

 der, axillary, fascicled, 2-6-flowered ; stamens 4, bearded at top, 

 2 of which are sterile ; calyx smooth, funnel-shaped. Jj . S. 

 Native of Sumatra. Branches scabrous. Leaves petiolate, en- 

 tire, strigose above. Peduncles bifid, or trifid, sometimes again 

 divided, so as to be dichotornous. At each division of the 

 peduncle is situated a funnel-shaped bracteal cup, apparently 

 composed of two opposite bracteas, which are united nearly 

 their whole length. In the axillae at the base of the peduncles 

 the bracteas are distinct and woolly. Mouth of calyx 5-cleft. 

 Corolla with nearly equal, rounded segments. Anthers with 

 transverse lobes. Stigma sublobate. 



Bearded-stamened Didymocarpus. Shrub. 



13 D. ELOKGA'TA (Jack, 1. c. p. 37.) erect, pilose; leaves 

 opposite, ovate, acute at both ends, serrated ; spikes axillary, 

 secund ; pedicels binate, remote ; calyx tomentose, as well as 

 the spike; corolla elongated. 1. S. Native of Pulo Bintan- 

 gor, an island lying off the west coast of Sumatra. Leaves 

 petiolate, papillose and pilose above, but villous beneath ; peti- 

 oles ciliated. Bracteas linear at the base of the pedicels. Co- 

 rolla tubular, a little curved, white, with a purplish tinge, slightly 

 tomentose ; limb bilabiate : lower lip elongated. Stamens 4, all 

 fertile and didynamous ; anthers connected by pairs, 2-lobed, 

 reniform. Stigma thickened, emarginate. 



Elongated-Qowered Didymocarpus. PI. ^ foot. 



14 D. FRUTE'SCENS (Jack, mal. misc. vol. 1. Lin. trans. I. c. 

 p. 39.) stem suflrutescent, erect; leaves opposite, on long peti- 

 oles, ovate- lanceolate, attenuated at both ends, glabrous above, 

 canescent beneath ; flowers axillary, fascicled ; stamens didyna- 

 mous : calyx tomentose, with glandular hairs. lj . S. Native of 

 Pulo Penang. Stem simple, densely covered with ferruginous, 

 adpressed scales, or chaffy hairs. Leaves slightly serrated, 8-10 

 inches long, tomentose beneath ; petioles villous. Peduncles 

 1-3-flowered, shorter than the petioles, purplish. Bracteas 

 lanceolate, acute. Calyx tubular, 5-parted. Corolla white, 

 tomentose, incurved ; segments obtuse. Anthers connected by 

 pairs, adnate, consisting of 2 nearly parallel lobes. Stigma 

 truncate. 



Shrubby Didymocarpus. Shrub. 



Cult, For culture and propagation see Slreptocdrptu, p. 

 658. 



XXIII. CHIRA'TA (altered from the vernacular name of 

 one of the species.) Hamilt. mss. D. Don, prod. fl. nep. p. 

 89. Royle, ill. himal. t. 70. Wall. pi. rar. asiat. 1. p. 43. t. 

 50. Calosacme, Wall. Didymocarpus species, Wall. 



LIK. SYST. Didynamia, Angiospgrmia. Calyx deciduous, 

 tubular, 5-cleft. Corolla tubular at the base, ventricose at top ; 

 limb campanulate, 5-lobed, bilabiate ; lobes rounded, imbricate 

 in aestivation. Stamens 2, antheriferous, inclosed, sometimes 

 without any rudiments of sterile ones, and sometimes with S ; 

 filaments glabrous ; anthers roundish, naked, adnate. Stigma 

 bipartite ; lobes linear, obtuse. Capsule siliquose, 2-celled, 

 4i-2 



