672 



LABIATE. I. OCYMUM. 



G. Native of Arabia Felix, on Mout Chadra, Forsk. ; Cape of 

 Good Hope, Burchell. O. Burchellianum, Benth. lab. p. 8. 

 O. ftuticulosum, Burch. Leaves about the size of those of 

 Thymus vulgaris, fascicled. Processes of filaments large, vil- 

 lous. Corollas purplish. 



Wild-Thyme-\ea.\e& Basil. Shrub dwarf. 



12 O. ADSCE'NDENS (Willd. spec. 3. p. 166.) stem herbace- 

 ous, prostrate ; branches pubescent ; leaves petiolate, ovate- 

 oblong, obtuse, a little toothed, narrowed at the base, pubes- 

 cent ; floral leaves bractea-formed, deciduous ; raceme simple ; 

 fructiferous calyxes nutant : tube striated : lateral segments 

 truncate, with membranous ciliated edges ; corolla twice longer 

 than the calyx; stamens much exserted. If. . H. Native of 

 the East Indies, in sandy places. O. I'ndicum, Roth, nov. 

 spec. p. 273. Plectranthus I'ndicus, Spreng. syst. 2. p. 691. 

 O. cristatum, Roxb. hort. beng. p. 45. Leaves hardly larger 

 than those of O. minimum, often clothed with hoary tomentum 

 beneath. 



Ascending Basil. Fl. July, Sept. Clt. 1822. PI. prostrate. 



f Species belonging to the present section, but are not suffi- 

 ciently known. 



13 O. GUINEE'NSE (Schum. pi. guin. 1. c.) suffruticose, 

 branched ; branches hairy ; leaves petiolate, ovate, attenuated 

 at both ends, serrated, pilose beneath, dotted and, wrinkled ; 

 racemes terminal, branched ; calyxes glabrous ; bracteas del- 

 toid, acuminated, deciduous, fj . S. Native of Guinea, in the 

 woods of Accra, Thonning. Branches quadrangular. Corolla 

 length of calyx. Upper tooth of calyx broadly orbicular, acu- 

 minated, concave outside ; middle tooth of the lower lip emar- 

 ginate, deflexed. 



Guinea Basil. Shrub 2 to 3 feet. 



14 O. ARISTA'TUM (Blum, bijdr. 833.) leaves ovate, obtuse, 

 repandly crenulated, attenuated at the base, quite entire, pube- 

 rulous on the margins and veins beneath ; branches tetragonal, 

 and are, as well as the nearly simple raceme, obversely pubes- 

 cent ; whorls remote, 6-flowered ; bracteas ovate-acuminated, 

 ciliated, sessile ; lower lip of calyx 4-toothed : middle teeth 

 with long awns. Native of Java, about Batavia, in grassy 

 places. 



An>ned-ca\yxeA Basil. PI. 



15 O. BRACHIA'TUM (Blum, bijdr. p. 833.) leaves lanceolate- 

 ovate, acutish at both ends, remotely serrulated above, puberu- 

 lous on the margins and ribs beneath ; branches fastigiate, tetra- 

 gonal, obversely hispid ; whorls distinct, 6-flowered ; bracteas 

 ovate, petiolate, and are, as well as the pubescent calyx, cili- 

 ated ; lower lip of calyx 4-toothed: middle teeth the longest. 

 Native of Java, in dry places about Batavia. 



Armed Basil. PI. 



SECT. II. HIEROSCYMUM (from iipoe, hieros, holy ; and Ocy- 

 mttm ; so called because this section contains 0. sanctum.} 

 Benth. lab. p. 11. Superior filaments appendiculate by a fas- 

 cicle of hairs at base. Raceme loose, slender ; whorls 6-flow- 

 ered. Pedicels spreading. Calyxes nutant. 



16 O. CARNOSUM (Link, et Otto, ex Benth. lab. p. 11.) stem 

 herbaceous, nearly glabrous ; leaves petiolate, ovate, acutish, 

 coarsely serrated, smoothish, rather fleshy ; floral leaves bractea- 

 formed, deciduous ; raceme simple, many-flowered ; whorls 6- 

 flowered ; calyxes campanulate, glabrous : throat naked inside : 

 upper tooth with reflexed margins: lateral ones truncate; corolla 

 hardly exceeding the calyx. 0. ? S. Native of South Ame- 

 rica, Brazil, Buenos Ayres, and New Spain. Lumnitzera car- 

 nosa, Spreng. cur. post. 223. ? Stem sometimes pubescent 

 towards the top. Leaves glandular beneath. Corolla small, 

 purplish. 



Fleshy Basil. PI. erect. 



17 O. SA'NCTUM (Lin. mant. 85.) stems pilose; leaves peti- 

 olate, oval, obtuse, toothed, pubescent, with the nerves and 

 petioles pilose : floral ones bractea-formed, sessile, shorter than 

 the pedicels ; raceme slender, simple, or branched at the base ; 

 calyxes shorter than the pedicels, smoothish : throat naked 

 inside : upper tooth obovate, concave ; corolla hardly exceeding 

 the calyx. Q. S. Native of the East Indies, in dry places, 

 common. O. hirsutum, Benth. in Wall. pi. rar. asiat. 2. p. 14. 

 O. villosum, Roxb. hort. beng. 44. ? but not of VVeinm. O. 

 tomentosum, Lam. diet. 1. p. 387. Lumnitzera tenuiflora, 

 Spreng. syst. 2. p. 687. O. tenuiflorum, Lam. Willd. but not 

 of- Lin. Plectranthus monachdrum, Lin. mant. 58. O. inodo- 

 rum, Burm. fl. ind. 130. O. frutescens, Burm. fl. ind. p. 129. 

 Burm. thes. zeyl. 174. t. 80. f. 2. and f. 1. Basilicum 

 agreste, Rumph. amb. 5. p. 265. t. 92. f. 2. The whole plant 

 is generally purplish. Leaves small, on long petioles. Corollas 

 pale purplish. Stamens a little exserted. 



Holy Basil. Fl. July, Sept. Clt. 1758. PI. 1 foot. 



18 O. TENUIFLORUM (Lin. spec. 833. exclusive of the syno- 

 nymes) stems herbaceous, ? ascending, branched, pilose ; leaves 

 on long petioles, oblong, bluntish, crenated, rather narrowed at 

 the base, pubescent ; racemes filiform, branched a little at the 

 base ; whorls few-flowered, remote ; floral leaves broad-ovate, 

 sessile ; calyxes on short pedicels, rather nutant, smoothish : 

 throat naked inside : upper tooth ovate, obtuse : lower ones 

 short ; corolla rather shorter than the calyx. Native of the 

 East Indies. Very nearly related to O. sanctum, but the ra- 

 cemes are shorter, the floral leaves broader, and the flowers very 

 small and sessile. 



Thin-flowered Basil. PI. 1 foot. ? 



19 O. GRA'CILE (Benth. lab. p. 12.) stems ascending, pilose, 

 panicled at top ; leaves on short petioles, oblong-ovate, obtuse, 

 crenated, narrowed at the base, pubescent : superior ones lance- 

 olate, nearly sessile : floral ones bractea-formed, sessile, much 

 shorter than the pedicels ; racemes numerous, simple ; fructi- 

 ferous calyxes longer than the pedicels, declinate : throat villous 

 inside : upper tooth ovate-obtuse ; corolla rather shorter than 

 the calyx. Native of the Eastern coast of Africa, within the 

 tropic ; Island of Zanquebar. Very nearly related to O. sdnc- 

 tum, but differs in the leaves being narrower, the flowers 

 smaller, and in the calyx being villous inside. 



Slender Basil. PI. 1 foot.? 



20 O. TENE'LLUM (Benth. lab. p. 12.) glabrous; stem small, 

 creeping ; leaves petiolate, ovate-roundish, crenated ; racemes 

 loose, simple, the whorls 6-flowered ; calyxes on long pedicels, 

 declinate, glabrous : upper tooth ovate, very blunt : throat 

 naked inside ; corolla hardly exceeding the calyx ; genitals 

 exserted. Native of Madagascar, Lyall. Habit of Sdlvia te- 

 nclla. Sterile branches creeping, generally pubescent, florifer- 

 ous ones ascending, glabrous. Leaves like those of Linaria 

 cymbalaria : floral ones very minute. Corolla of 0. sanctum. 



Slender Basil. PI. creeping. 



SECT. III. GYMNOCYMUM (from yvfirof, gymnos, naked ; and 

 Ocymum ; so called in allusion to the filaments being naked.) 

 Benth. lab. 12. Filaments all naked and toothless. Whorls 

 6-flowered, rarely 10-flowered. Pedicels shorter than the 

 calyxes. 



21 O. MICRA'NTHUM (Willd. enum. 630.) stem herbaceous, 

 erect, branched, nearly glabrous ; leaves petiolate, ovate, acute, 

 serrated, rounded at the base, or cuneated, nearly glabrous : 

 floral ones bractea-formed, deciduous; fructiferous calyx de- 

 flexed, oblong : upper tooth obtuse, concave ; corolla inclosed. 

 O- H. Native of Tropical America, from Caraccas to Rio 

 Janeiro. O. frutescens, Sieb. pi. exsic. O. Americanum, of 



