LABIATE. XXVII. LYCOPUS. 



721 



Tourn. inst. t. 89. Lin. gen. no. 36. Schreb. gen. no. 44. 

 Juis. gen. p. 111. ed. Usteri, p. 124. Benth. lab. p. 185. 



LIN. SYST. Didndria, Monogynia. Calyx campanulate, equal, 

 4-5-toothed: throat naked inside. Corolla hardly exceeding 

 the calyx, campanulate, equal, 4-cleft. Superior stamens want- 

 ing, or sterile, filiform, capitellate, shorter than the corolla : 

 lower 2 a little exserted, fertile, distant ; anthers 2-ceIled : cells 

 parallel, rather distinct. Style somewhat equally bifid at top ; 

 stigmas minute, terminal. Achenia dry, smooth, with thickened 

 callous edges, trigonal, truncate at apex, attenuated at the base. 

 Coarse marsh or bog herbs. Leaves acutely toothed or pin- 

 natifid : floral ones similar to the rest, much exceeding the 

 flowers. Whorls dense, usually many-flowered, axillary. In- 

 terior bracteas minute : outer ones sometimes exceeding the 

 calyxes in the inferior whorls. Flowers small, sessile. This 

 genus is nearly allied to Mentha, but differs from it in the supe- 

 rior stamens being sterile or wanting, and in the achenia being 

 callously thickened on the margin. 



1 L. VIRGI'SICUS (Lin. spec. p. 30.) nearly glabrous ; stem 

 stoloniferous at the base ; leaves oblong-elliptic, narrowed at 

 both ends, remotely toothed ; calyx 4-toothed : teeth ovate, ob- 

 tuse ; rudiments of sterile stamens wanting. Tf.. H. Native of 

 North America, in humid places from New England to Caro- 

 lina, Michx. ; near St. Louis, and at the river Saskatchewan, 

 near Cumberland House Fort, Drummond. Root often tuber- 

 ous, creeping. Leaves 1-2 inches long, on short petioles, usu- 

 ally purplish beneath. Whorls small. Corolla a little longer 

 than the calyx, white. 



Var. p, pauciflbrus (Benth. lab. p. 185.) If.. H. Native at 

 Lake Mistassins, Src., Michx. L. uniflorus, Michx. fl. bor. 

 amer. 1. p. 14. L. pumilus, Vahl, enum. 1. p. 211. 



Virginian Water-Horehound. Fl. Aug. Sept. Clt. 1760. 

 PI. 3 feet. 



2 L. MACROPHY'LLCS (Benth. lab. p. 185.) stem erect, firm, 

 bluntly tetragonal ; leaves large, petiolate, ovate, long-acumi- 

 nated, coarsely and sinuately toothed, narrowed at the base, 

 glabrous ; whorls many-flowered ; calyx irregularly 4-5-tooth- 

 ed : teeth ovate, obtuse ; rudiments of sterile stamens wanting ? 

 achenia equalling the calyx. 11 . H. Native of North-nest 

 America, at the straits of Juan de Fuca, Scouler. L. Virginicus, 

 ft, quercifolius, Pursh, fl. amer. sept. 1. p. 16.? Stem pubes- 

 cent. Leaves glabrous, 3-4 inches long. Corollas white. 



Long-leaced Water-Horehound. Fl. Aug. Sept. Clt. 1700. ? 

 PI. 1 to 3 feet. 



3 L. OBTUSIFOLIUS (Michx. ex Vahl, enum. 1. p. 212. ? 

 Benth. lab. p. 185.) stem erect, firm, almost simple; leaves 

 sessile, oblong-elliptic, deeply serrated, roundly narrowed at the 

 base ; whorls many- flowered ; calyx irregularly 5-toothed ; 

 achenia hardly shorter than the calyx ; rudiments of sterile sta- 

 mens almost wanting. Tt.H. Native of North-west America, in 

 flats along the Red River, Douglas ; at the river Saskatchawan, 

 near Carlton House Fort, Drummond, Hudson's Bay, Michx. 

 Habit of L. Virginicus. Teeth of leaves acute or blunt ish. 

 Corolla rather longer than the calyx, white. ? 



Blunt-leaved Water-Horehound. PI. 1 to 2 feet. 



4 L. EUROPE' cs (Lin. spec. p. 30.) stolons none; stem erect, 

 branched ; leaves petiolate, ovate-oblong, sinuately toothed or 

 pinnatifid ; whorls many-flowered ; calyx acutely 5-toothed ; 

 rudiments of sterile stamens wanting ; achenia rather shorter 

 than the tube of the calyx. If.. H. Native throughout Eu- 

 rope and the north of Asia, in humid watery places by the sides 

 of ditches and rivers; plentiful in Britain. Smith, engl. bot. t. 

 1105. Fl. dan. 1081. Svensk, bot. t. 262. Curt. lond. vol. 

 3. with a figure. L. vulgaris, Pers. ench. 1. p. 24. L. palus- 

 tris, Lam. fl. fr. 2. p. 430. ill. t. 18. L. aquaticus, Moench. 

 Petiv. brit. t. 32. f. 5. Root creeping. Stem acutely tetra- 



VOL. IT. 



gonal, glabrous, as well as the leaves. Corolla white, equalling 

 the calycine teeth, with a tinge of red. Cattle appear not to 

 touch this herb. It dyes black, and gives a permanent colour 

 to linen, wool, and silk. Gypsies are said to stain their skin 

 with it. 



Var. p, pubescens (Benth. lab. p. 186.) stem bluntly tetrago- 

 nal ; and are, as well as the more nerved leaves, pubescent, and 

 the calycine teeth are a little longer. 1J. . H. Native of Eng- 

 land. 



European Water-Horehound. Fl. July, Aug. Britain. PI. 

 1 to 4 feet. 



5 L. ROBE'LLUS (Moench. suppl. p. 446. ex Wenderoth, in 

 syll. pi. soc. ratisb. 1. p. 88.) stolons creeping; stem erectish, 

 humble, pubescent; leaves petiolate, ovate, narrowed at the 

 base, deeply to<thed, pubescent ; calyx 5-toothed : teeth 

 lanceolate, acute ; rudiments of sterile stamens wanting. I/ . 

 H. Native of Virginia, Wenderoth. This species differs 

 from L. Europeans in the stolons being long and leafy, and in 

 the stem being hardly half a foot high. 



Reddish Water-Horehound. PI. \ to 1 foot. 



6 L. SIXUA'TCS (Elliott, car. 1. p. 187.) stem erect, acutely 

 tetragonal, nearly glabrous ; leaves petiolate, oblong-lanceolate, 

 narrowed at both ends : lower ones pinnatifid : middle ones 

 sinuately toothed : upper ones linear, almost quite entire ; 

 whorls many-flowered ; calyx 5-toothed, acute ; rudiments of 

 sterile stamens capitate; achenia shorter than the tube. It. H. 

 Native of North America, in watery places common, from the 

 river Saskatchawan to Canada, Virginia, &c. L. Europae'us, 

 Pursb, fl. amer. sept. 1. p. 16. Michx. fl. bor. amer. 1. p. 14. 

 but not of Lin. L. bracteatus, Muhl. ex Link, jahrb. 1-3. p. 

 55. L. Americanus, Muhl. ex Bart. fl. phil. 1. p. 12. Stolons 

 not seen. Stem glabrous, acutely tetragonal. Leaves very 

 variable, glabrous. Corollas white. 



Var. a, dissectus (Benth. lab. p. 187.) leaves usually pinna- 

 tifid. 1. H. Native principally of the northern region of 

 North America. L. exaltatus, Elliott, bot. car. 1. p. 187. but 

 not of Lin. L. heterophyllus, Rafin, med. fl. 2. p. 28. 



Var. ft, tulgdris (Benth. lab. p. 187.) leaves generally sinu- 

 ated. 11 . H. Native of the middle region of North America, 

 L. sinuatus, Elliott, bot. car. 1. p. 187. L. vulgaris, Nutt. 

 gen. amer. 1. p. 15. 



Var. y, angustifolius (Benth. lab. p. 187.) leaves for the most 

 part linear, and almost quite entire. If.. H. Native of the 

 southern region of North America. L. angustifolius, Nutt. gen. 

 amer. 1. p. 15. L. longifolius, Rafin. med. fl. 2. p. 28. L. 

 Pennsylvanicus, Muhl. ex Rafin. 1. c. L. pauciflorus, Rafin. 

 1. c. ? 



Sinuated-leaved Water-Horehound. PI. 1 to 2 feet. 



7 L. AUSTRA'LIS (R. Br. prod. p. 500. Benth. lab. p. 716.) 

 stem erect, quite glabrous, or hispid from a few pili ; leaves 

 almost sessile, oblong-lanceolate, narrowed at both ends, sharply 

 toothed, quite glabrous above or on both surfaces, shining or 

 pubescent beneath ; whorls many-flowered ; calyx 5-toothed : 

 teeth, as well as the bracteas, very acute ; rudiments of sterile 

 stamens capitate ; achenia shorter than the tube of the calyx. 

 % . H. Native of Eastern Siberia ; China ; New South Wales, 

 at Port Jackson ; and on the south coast of New Holland ; also 

 of Van Diemen's Land. L. Europae'us, y, argutus, Benth. lab. 

 p. 186. L. lucidus, Turcz. mss. This species differs from L. 

 Europeeus besides habit, in the rudiments of sterile stamens 

 being present; and it is also very nearly allied to L. sinuatus ; 

 but differs in habit, almost sessile leaves, and in the calyxes and 

 bracteas being very acute. 



Southern Water-Horehound. Fl. July, Aug. Clt. 1823. 

 PI. 1 to 3 feet. 

 4Z 



