LABIATE. LXXXI. STACHTS. 



827 



ered, distant ; tube of corolla twice as long as the calyx. If. . ? 

 G. Native of Mexico, in bushy places on the mountains be- 

 tween Actopan and Totonilco. Leaves nearly an inch long ; 

 petioles hispid. Calyx pilose, with subulately acuminated seg- 

 ments. Corolla scarlet, downy outside. 

 Hairy Hedge Nettle. PI. f foot. 



SECT. IV. SiACHTOTyYos (from araxyt, stachys, a spike ; and 

 rviroc, typos, type ; because this section is supposed to be the 

 representative type of the genus ; or in other words the true 

 species of the genus.) Benth. lab. p. 541. Stachyotypus, Du- 

 raort, floral, belg. p. 45. Campanistrum and Eriostachys species, 

 Rchb. fl. germ. exc. p. 318. Trixago et Stachys, Hoffm. et 

 Link, fl. port. Annual or perennial, pilosely hispid or glabrous, 

 rarely woolly herbs. Whorls usually about 6-flowered, rarely 

 2- 1 or 10-15-flowered. Bracteas minute. Calycine segments 

 usually subspinescent. Corolla purplish, red. or rosy-white, 

 never cream-coloured ; tube inclosed, or very shortly exserted. 



: . 1. GEXCI'XA (this section is supposed to contain the genuine 

 or true species of the genus.) Benth. lab. p. 541. Stems tall, 

 erect, hating the angles usually ciliated nith long spreading or 

 obverse pili, rarely glabrous. Leaves ovate or oblong-lanceolate, 

 rarely amply mate. Whorls G-lQ-Jlonered. Corollas rather 

 large ; tube sometimes exserted. 



29 S. MEXICA'XA (Benth. lab. p. 541.) herbaceous, erect, 

 tall ; stems hairy from stiff pili ; leaves ample, petiolate, ovate- 

 oblong, crenated, cordate at the base, hispid on both surfaces : 

 floral leaves sessile, exceeding the flowers ; whorls 6-8-flowered, 

 distant ; calyx campanulate, hispid, with lanceolate acute rather 

 spinose teeth ; corolla nearly glabrous, twice as long as the 

 calyx : tube exserted. 1. fl. Native of New Spain, Mocino 

 et Sesse. Allied to S. sylvatica, but the leaves are on shorter 

 petioles, narrower and longer. Corolla larger, and the tube 

 more ample ; upper lip emarginate. 



Mexican Hedge Nettle. PI. tall. 



30 S. SYLVA'TICA (Lin. spec. p. 811.) herbaceous, erect, his- 

 pid ; leaves on long petioles, ovate, acuminated, serrated, cordate 

 at the base : floral leaves bractea-formed, scarcely longer than 

 the calyxes ; whorls about 6-8-flowered, distant ; calyx cam- 

 panulate, hispid, with lanceolate acute rather spinose teeth ; co- 

 rolla nearly glabrous, twice as long as the calyx, with an exserted 

 tube. Tf.. H. Native of Europe and Middle Asia, in shady 

 places and woods; from Sweden to Spain and Italy; also of 

 Tauria and Caucasus ; in Britain frequent in hedges and other 

 shady places. Smith, engl. bot. t. 416. Curt. lond. 3. t. 34. S. 

 Canariensis, Jacq. icon. rar. 1. p. 11. t. 108. Sabb. hort. rom. 

 3. t. 38. Riv. mon. irr. t. 26. f. 2. Roots creeping, but not 

 extensively. Herb branched, hispid from long spreading hairs. 

 Leaves large, coarsely and acutely toothed, green. Corolla pur- 

 ple, marbled about the orifice, 6 lines long, with a pilose ring 

 near the base of the tube inside. The herb is pungent, with a 

 fetid smell, approaching to that of black horehound. Being one 

 of those plants which powerfully affect the nerves it might prove 

 no contemptible stimulant if judiciously used, ex Smith. The 

 herb will dye yellow. 



Wild Hedge Nettle. Fl. July, Aug. Britain. PI. 2 to 3 

 feet. 



31 S. PALU'STRIS (Lin. spec. p. 8 11.) herbaceous, erect ; stems 

 pubescent or beset with retrograde hairs ; leaves nearly sessile, 

 oblong, or ovate-lanceolate, serrately crenated, rounded at the 

 base or cordate, wrinkled, hispid, or the lower ones are nearly 

 glabrous; whorls 6 to 10-flowered, distinct, the upper ones sub- 

 approximate : calyx campanulate, hispid, with lanceolate acute 



rather spinose teeth ; corolla twice as long as the calyx. ^ . H. 

 Native throughout Europe, as well as of Asia and North America, 

 in humid places ; plentiful in Britain in marshes, on the banks of 

 rivers, in watery places, by road-sides, and in corn-fields, especi- 

 ally if they are moist. Smith, engl. bot. t. 1675. Hook. fl. lond. 

 vol. 2. icone. Curt. lond. 3. t. 35. S. segetum, Hagen ex Rchb. 

 fl. germ. exc. 319. S. affinis, Bunge, enum. pi. chin. bot. Riv. 

 mon. t. 26. f. 1. Blackw. herb. t. 273. Petiv. herb. brit. t. 

 33. f. 9. Angles of stem ciliated with spreading hairs, the rest 

 pubescent. Leaves 2-3 and sometimes 4-6 inches long, pubes- 

 cent or hispid on both surfaces ; lower ones sometimes glabrous. 

 Corollas pale purple ; lower lip variegated ; tube about equal in 

 length to the calyx. It behoves many farmers to know this 

 plant, says Mr. Curtis, as a very noxious plant in many corn- 

 fields, increasing extensively by the roots, and also by seed. 

 Linnaeus says that swine are fond of the roots. 



Var. fi, angustifblia (Benth. lab. p. 542.) flowers smaller ; 

 calyxes rather mutic. y. . H. 



Var. y, hybrida (Benth. lab. p. 542.) leaves on long pe- 

 tioles ; corolla subexserted. Tt.H. Native of Britain in moist 

 places. S. ambigua, Smith, engl. bot. t. 2089. Rchb. icon. bot. 

 eur. 3. p. 20. t. 222. Plant 1-2 feet high. 



Marsh Hedge Nettle, or Clown's Ail-Heal. Fl. July, Aug. 

 Britain. PI. 2 to 4 feet. 



32 S. BAICALE'NSIS (Fisch. ex Benth. lab. p. 543.) erect ; 

 stem beset with retrograde stiff hairs ; leaves nearly sessile, ob- 

 long-linear, acutish, serrated, rounded at the base, hispid : floral 

 leaves scarcely longer than the calyxes ; whorls 6-flowered ; lower 

 ones remote : upper ones approximate into a dense thick oblong 

 spike ; calyx campanulate, hispid, with lanceolate very acute 

 rather spinose teeth ; corolla twice as long as the calyx. 2{. H. 

 Native of Dahuria, Fischer ; Eastern Siberia, Pallas. S. angus- 

 tifolia, Pall. herb. Stems nearly simple, with the sides glabrous, 

 and the angles pilose. Leaves 2 inches long. Spikes densely 

 hispid. Corollas like those of S. palustris. 



Baical Hedge Nettle. PI. 1 to 1 foot. 



33 S. A'SPERA (Michx. fl. bor. amer. 2. p. 5. ? Benth. lab. 

 p. 543.) erect ; stem retrorsely hispid, rarely naked ; leaves on 

 short petioles, ovate-oblong or ovate-lanceolate, acute, serrated, 

 rounded at the base, glabrous, or furnished with a few stiff hairs 

 above : floral leaves lanceolate, acute, longer than the calyxes ; 

 whorls 6- 10-flowered, distant; calyx tubularly campanulate, 

 glabrous, ciliated, with lanceolate acute subspinose divaricate 

 teeth ; corolla about twice as long as the calyx. ^ . ? H. Na- 

 tive of North America, in pastures by river-sides ; from Canada 

 to Carolina. S. arvensis, Walt. fl. car. p. 162, but not of Lin. 

 S. hispida, Pursh, fl. amer. sept. 2. p. 407. Habit of S. palus- 

 tris. Stems glabrous on the sides, but having the angles, nerves 

 of leaves, and petioles beset with retrograde stiff hairs. Leaves 

 3-4 inches long and 14- broad. Corollas violaceous, glabrous, 

 with a pilose ring inside. 



/ 'ar. p glabrala (Benth. lab. p. 543.) angles of stem almost 

 naked, or altogether glabrous. 2/ . H. Native of Carolina and 

 of China in the province of Tokeen, Reeves. S. dspera, Nutt. 

 gen. amer. 2. p. 30. ? 



Rough Hedge Nettle. Fl. July, Aug. Clt. 1821. PI. 2 to 

 3 feet. 



34 S. HYSSOPIFOLIA (Michx. fl. bor. amer. 2. p. 4. ? Benth. 

 lab. p. 543.) plant ascending, quite glabrous, or the stems are 

 beset with retrograde hairs on the angles ; leaves nearly sessile, 

 oblong-lanceolate, acutish, subserrated, narrowed a little at the 

 base : floral leaves very acute, rather longer than the calyxes ; 

 whorls about 6-flowered, distinct, approximate into short ra- 

 cemes ; calyx broadly campanulate, quite glabrous, with lanceo- 

 late very acute subspinose divaricate teeth ; corolla glabrous, 2-3 



5 N 2 



