LABIATE. LXXXV. SIDERITJS. 



837 



which is naked or annulate inside, and a bilabiate limb ; upper 

 lip erect, flattish, entire, or emarginately bifid ; lower lip spread- 

 ing, trifid, the middle lobe the broadest, and usually emarginate. 

 Stamens 4, didynamous, inclosed ; the upper 2 very short, 

 bearing 2-celled anthers : the cells divaricate ; the 2 lower ones 

 longer, bearing dimidiate or difformed empty anthers, rarely 

 conforming to the superior anthers. Style inclosed, bifid at 

 top ; upper lobe terete, truncate, stigmatiferous at top : lower 

 lobe dilated, clasping the superior one at the base, stigmatiferous 

 on the top and edges. Achenia dry, obtuse at apex, not trun- 

 cate. Herbs, shrubs, and under-shrubs. Whorls 6, or many- 

 flowered, axillary, racemose or spicate. Floral leaves sometimes 

 almost similar to the cauline leaves : upper ones minute, some- 

 times bractea-formed, dilated, and clasping the flowers, with 

 quite entire or spiny-toothed margins. Corollas small, usually 

 yellowish. 



SECT. I. MARRUBIA'STRUM (from Marrubium, horehound ; and 

 astrum, an affixed signification, like ; plants with the habit of 

 Marrubium.) Mcench, meth. 391. Benth. lab. p. 573. Shrubs 

 clothed with soft wool, generally white. Floral leaves green, 

 quite entire or crenated, nearly similar to the lower cauline ones, 

 but much smaller ; uppermost ones minute. 



1 S. MASSONIA'NA (Benth. lab. p. 573.) clothed with white 

 dense adpressed wool ; leaves oblong, subcordate at the base, 

 thick, clothed with white wool on both surfaces or only beneath ; 

 racemes panicled ; whorls few-flowered. fj . G. Native of 

 Madeira, Masson. Allied to S. Cretica, but the leaves are nar- 

 rower and scarcely crenated, and the upper surfaces of the leaves 

 less woolly. Whorls 4- 10-flowered, interruptedly racemose. 

 Corollas yellow. ? 



Masson's Ironwort. Shrub. 



2 S. CA'NDICANS (Ait. hort. kew. 2. p. 289.) clothed with ad- 

 pressed dense white wool ; leaves ovate, crenated, a little trun- 

 cate at the base, cordate, thick, clothed with adpressed wool on 

 both surfaces, white beneath ; racemes simple ; whorls few- 

 flowered. Jj . G. Native of Teneriffe. S. Cretica, Lin. spec, 

 p. 801. Comm. hort. 2. p. 197. t. 99. Habit of S. Canarien- 

 tis, but the wool is white. Leaves 1-2 inches long. Whorls 

 usually 10-flowered; lower ones distant. Corolla yellow, scarcely 

 exceeding the calyx, pale yellow, or dirty white. 



Whitened Ironwort. Fl. April, July. Clt. 1714. Shrub 2 

 to 3 feet. ? 



3 S. MACROSTA'CHYOS (Poir. suppl. 2. p. 381.) clothed with 

 dense white adpressed wool ; leaves ovate, subcordate at the 

 base, green above, and very white beneath ; whorls many-flow- 

 ered, imbricated into a thick very dense spike. ^ . G. Native 

 of the Canary Islands, Poiret, Masson. Corollas exceeding the 

 calyx a little. Upper surfaces of leaves nearly glabrous. 



Long-spiked Ironwort. Shrub. 



4 S. CANARIL'NSIS (Lin. spec. p. 573.) clothed with villous 

 wool ; leaves ovate, crenated, cordate at the base, thick, wrin- 

 kled, veiny beneath, and clothed with velvety wool on both sur- 

 faces; racemes simple ; whorls many-flowered, distinct. Ij . G. 

 Native of the Canary Islands. Jacq. hort. vind. 3. p. 18. t. 30. 

 Marrubiastrum tomentosum, Mcench, meth. p. 391. Pluk. 

 phyt. t. 322. f. 4. Plant clothed with rather floccose yellowish 

 white dense wool. Leaves 2-4 inches long. Whorls dense, 20- 

 30-flowered. Corolla yellowish, scarcely exceeding the calyx. 

 Style often 4-5 cleft, and the ovarium 8-10 parted, in the 

 gardens. 



Canary hland Ironwort. Fl. May, Aug. Clt. 1697. Shrub 

 3-6 feet. 



SECT. II. EMPEDOCLEA (the name of an ancient philosopher.) 

 Benth. lab. p. 574. Empedoclea, Rafm. Caratt. ex Guss. 



Small shrubs or perennial herbs, woolly at the base. Floral 

 leaves quite entire, clasping the sessile flowers. 



5 S. SYRI'ACA (Lin. spec. p. 801.) suffruticose, clothed with 

 white wool ; leaves thick, oblong-lanceolate, narrowed at the 

 base : lower ones crenulated : floral leaves cordate at the base, 

 quite entire, equalling the calyxes. Jj . F. Native of Candia 

 and Palestine. Rchb. icon. bot. exot. 1. p. 42. t. 57. Sibth. et 

 Smith, fl. graec. 6. p. 41. t. 550. Sabb. hort. rom. 3. t. 40. 

 The whole plant is clothed with white wool. Whorls 6-10- 

 flowered. Corolla twice as long as the calyx, yellow, clothed 

 with silky villi outside. 



Syrian Ironwort. Fl. June, Sept. Clt. 1597. Shrub 1 to 

 li foot. 



6 S. TAU'RICA (Bieb. fl. cauc. 2. p. 43.) suflruticose, clothed 

 with white wool ; leaves thick, oblong-lanceolate, or spatulate, 

 narrowed at the base : lower ones crenulated, clothed with dense 

 white wool on both surfaces : floral leaves very broadly cordate, 

 acuminated, quite entire, reticulately veined, clothed with loose 

 wool, greenish ; calycine teeth lanceolate, mutic. >j . H. Native 

 of Tauria, on calcareous mountains. Bieb. cent. pi. rar. ross. 



1. t. 39. Rchb. icon. bot. eur. 4. p. 61. t. 384. S. Syriaca, 

 Pall. ind. taur. but not of Lin. S. incana, Habliz, taur. p. 148, 

 but not of Lin. Nearly allied to S. Syriaca. Corollas yellow. 



Taurian Ironwort. Fl. June, Sept. Clt. 1822. Shrub 1 to 

 li foot. 



7 S. SI'CULA (Ucria, ex Guss. prod. fl. sic. 2. p. 85.) suffruti- 

 cose, clothed with white wool ; leaves thick, oblong-spatulate, 

 narrowed at the base: lower leaves crenulated, woolly on both 

 surfaces : floral ones very broadly cordate, acuminated, quite 

 entire, reticulately veined, clothed with loose wool, green, about 

 twice as long as the calyxes ; calycine teeth lanceolate-subulate, 

 very acute, rather spinescent. Tj . F. Native of the South of 

 Europe ; as of Spain, Italy, Sicily. S. Brutia, Tenore, fl. nap. 



2. p. 16. Empedoclea montana, Rafin. Caratt. p. 78. S. de- 

 cumbens, Moench, meth. p. 390. ? Navicularia Heisteri, Fa- 

 bric. Very nearly allied to S. Syriaca. Corollas yellow. 



Sicilian Ironwort. Shrub 1| to 2 feet. 



8 S. LIBAKOTICA (Labill. icon. pi. syr. rar. 4. p. 13. t. 8.) 

 suffVuticose ; branches simple, glabrous ; leaves obovate-oblong, 

 serrated, tomentose ; whorls distant ; bracteas ovate, acuminated, 

 reticulately veined ; calycine segments mucronate. t? . F. Na- 

 tive of Mount Lebanon. Floral leaves sessile. Whorls 4-8- 

 flowered. Bracteas length of calyxes. Calyx pilose. Corolla 

 pale yellow, pilose, the tube length of calyx. 



Lebanon Ironwort. Shrub 1 to 1-? foot. 



9 S. PU'LLDLANS (Vent. hort. eels. t. 98.) suffVuticose ; stem 

 rather woolly at the base, green and pubescent above, divaricately 

 branched ; leaves ovate-lanceolate, half stem-clasping, stiff, reti- 

 culately veined, green on both surfaces, pubescent or canescent 

 from loose wool : floral leaves broadly cordate, acuminated, 

 twice as long as the flowers ; calyx green, with subulate spinose 

 teeth. Jj . F. Native of Syria, on mountains near Jerusalem 

 and Nazareth, Bove. Leaves 2-3 inches long ; floral ones 1 to 

 1|- inch long. Whorls 6- 10-flowered. Corolla pubescent out- 

 side. Perhaps only a variety of S. Libanotica. 



Sprouting Ironwort. Shrub. 



10 S. DU'RA (Benth. lab. p. 576.) suffruticose ; stem clothed 

 with white wool ; leaves sessile, half stem-clasping, lanceolate, 

 acute, quite entire, stiff, rather woolly from hoary villi on both 

 surfaces : floral leaves broad-cordate, equalling the calyxes, quite 

 entire, acuminated; calyx clothed with soft villi, with soft mutic 

 teeth. F; . F. Native country unknown. Habit of S. Syriaca, 

 but the form of the leaves is different, the whole plant is less 

 woolly, and the whorls more numerous and more remote. Whorls 

 about 6-flowered. Floral leaves very concave. 



Hard Ironwort. Shrub. 



