842 



LABIATE. LXXXVI. MARRUBIDM. LXXXVII. BALLOTA. 



12 M. CANDIDI'SSIMUM (Lin. spec. p. 816.) branches elongated, 

 a little branched, clothed with white wool ; leaves ovate, cre- 

 nated, clothed with soft white villi or white wool ; whorls large, 

 many-flowered ; calyx clothed with white villi or wool, usually 

 with 5 subulate stiff spreading teeth ; galea of corolla oblong, 

 bifid at apex. 1. H. Native of the South of Europe; as of 

 Spain, South of France, Italy, Dalmatia, Carinthia, Persia, 

 &c. M. peregrlnum, Rchb. icon. bot. eur. 4. p. 10. t. 312, 

 but not of Lin. M. catariaefolium, Rchb. icon. bot. eur. 4. p. 

 10. t. 813, but not of Desr. M. setaceum, Desr. in Lam. diet. 

 S. p. 717.? M. incanum, Desr. in Lain. diet. 3. p. 716. M. 

 uncinatum, Horn. hort. hafn. p. 968.? M. flexuosum, Moanch, 

 meth. p. 399.? M. odoratissimum, Pourr. ex Steud. nom. bot. 

 p. 510. Dill. elth. 218. t. 174. f. 214. Stems procumbent at 

 the base and ascending at apex. Whorls remote, 20-50-flowered. 

 Corollas whitish. 



Very white Horehound. Fl. July, Sept. Clt. 1732. PI. 1 

 to 2 feet. 



13 M. SUPI'NUM (Lin. spec. p. 816.) branches clothed with 

 white wool ; leaves ovate-roundish, clothed with soft villi, green- 

 ish, or clothed with white wool beneath, crenated, bullately wrin- 

 kled ; whorls many- flowered ; calyx villous, with 5-1 0-subulate 

 stiff, erect, or at length spreading teeth ; galea of corolla oblong, 

 bifid at apex. % . H. Native of the South of Europe. ? Bocc. 

 mus. 2. p. 78. t. 69. Barrel, icon. 685. ? Intermediate between 

 M. candidissimum and M . vulgare, having the flowers of the first 

 and the leaves of the latter. Perhaps a garden hybrid. 



Trailing Horehound. Fl. Aug. Sept. Clt. 1714. PI. trailing. 



14 M. PEREGRI'NUM (Lin. spec. p. 815.) dwarf, divaricately 

 branched ; leaves oblong, clothed with hoary tomentum ; whorls 

 few-flowered; calyx tomentose, with 5 lanceolate-subulate erect 

 or scarcely spreading teeth ; galea of corolla oblong, bifid. ^ . 

 H. Native of Europe and Middle Asia ; as of Germany, Aus- 

 tria, Transylvania, Grecian Islands, Syria, Tauria, &c. Jacq. 

 austr. t. 160. M. Creticum, Mill. diet. no. 3. Rchb. icon. bot. 

 eur. 3. p. 74. t. 288. M. pauciflorum, Wallr. sched. crit. p. 295. 

 M. angustifolium, Mcencb, ex Steud. nom. p. 510. Dill. elth. 

 219. t. 174. f. 215. Mor. hist. t. 9. f. 8. Plant clothed with 

 short, hoary tomentum. Whorls 4- 6 rarely 10-flowered. Corollas 

 whitish. 



Foreign Horehound. Fl. July, Sept. Clt. 1640. PI. 1 to 

 1 foot. 



15 M. PANNONICUM (Clus. ex Rchb. fl. germ. exc. p. 325.) 

 branches divaricately branched ; leaves ovate or oblong, clothed 

 with hoary tomentum or soft villi ; floral leaves all twice as long 

 as the flowers ; whorls many-flowered, all distant ; calyx clothed 

 with hoary tomentum, with 6-10 subulate teeth which at length 

 spread ; galea of corolla oblong, bifid at apex. If . H. Native 

 of Germany, near Halle, Hungary, Moravia, Austria, and Tran- 

 sylvania. M. paniculatum, Desr. in. Lam. diet. 3. p. 716.? 

 Rchb. icon. bot. eur. 3. p. 86. t. 300. M. peregrinum, Spreng. 

 fl. hal. t. 6. but not of Lin. M. remotum, Kit. in Schultes, 

 oastr. fl. 2. p. 161. M. rubruin, Roth, nov. spec. p. 259. 

 Whorls distant, 12-15-flowered. Corolla of M. peregrinum. 

 Allied to M. peregrinum and M. vulgare. 



Pannonian Horehound. PI. 1 to 1 J foot. 



16 M. RADIA'TUM (Delile, mss. ex Benth. lab. p. 591.) 

 branches divaricate, a little branched, clothed with hoary tomen- 

 tum ; leaves ovate or oblong, clothed with hoary tomentum or 

 soft villi : upper floral leaves scarcely exceeding the calyxes ; 

 whorls many-flowered, rather loose : upper ones approximate ; 

 calyx small, tomentose, with 6-10 elongated subulate straight 

 stellately spreading subspinescent teeth. 1f..U. Native of the 

 region of the Mediterranean. Allied to M. Pannonicum, but the 

 leaves and calyxes are smaller, &c. 



Horehound. PI. 1 to 1^ foot.? 



17 M. CUNEA'TUM (Russ. nat. hist, alepp. 2. p. 255.) stem 

 clothed with white tomentum at the base and pubescence at top ; 

 leaves ovate-cuneated, much wrinkled, green above and canescent 

 beneath : floral leaves small, scarcely exceeding the calyxes ; 

 calyx small, tomentose, with 10 short somewhat recurvedly 

 spreading mutic teeth. !. H. Native of Syria, near Aleppo, 

 and between Bagdad and Kermancha. Stems more slender than 

 in other species. Whorls numerous, lower ones remote, upper 

 ones approximate. Corollas small, white. 



Cuneate-leaved Horehound. PL 1 foot. 



18 M. VULGA'RE (Lin. spec. p. 816.) branches clothed with 

 white wool ; leaves ovate or roundish, clothed with soft villi, 

 greenish or clothed with white wool beneath, crenated ; whorls 

 many-flowered; calyx clothed with woolly villi: teeth 10, re- 

 curvedly spreading ; galea of corolla oblong, bifid at apex. I/ . 

 H. Native throughout Europe and Middle Asia, among rubbish 

 and by way-sides ; plentiful in some parts of Britain, but pro- 

 bably not indigenous. Woodv. med. bot. 265. t. 97. Smith, 

 engl. bot. t. 410. Sabb. hort. rom. 3. t. 59. Fl. dan. 1036. 

 M. hamatum, H. B. et Kunth, nov. gen. amer. 2. p. 310. M. 

 Germanicum, Schranck ex Steud. nom. p. 510. Stems ascend- 

 ing, rarely decumbent. Whorls distant, 20-50-flowered. Co- 

 rollas small, white. This, the common horehound, has a strong 

 penetrating smell, not altogether unpleasant. It was a favourite 

 medicine in obstructions of the viscera. In large doses it proves 

 aperient. Bees much frequent the flowers. 



Var. /3, lanatum (Benth. lab. p. 591.) leaves densely clothed 

 with white wool. T. H. Native of Naples. M. A'pulum, 

 Tenore, fl. nap. t. 154. syll. p. 292. 



Common Horehound. Fl. June, Sept. Britain. PI. 1^ to 2 

 feet. 



f- Species not sufficiently known. 



19 M. CIRCINNA'TUM (Desr. in Lam. diet. 3. p. 717.) leaves 

 circinnate, crenated, much wrinkled ; calycine teeth subulate, 

 erect, villous. % . H. Native of the Levant. Stems tomen- 

 tose. Leaves clothed with shining soft tomentum. Flowers 

 white. Calyx tubular, tomentose. Tube of corolla exceeding 

 the tube of the calyx ; upper lip deeply bifid. 



Circinnate-leaved Horehound. PI. ? 



20 M. PARVIFLORUM (Fisch. et Meyer, ind. sem. hort. petrop. 

 1835. p. 33.) leaves pubescent, wrinkled, ovate-oblong, crenated, 

 clothed with white tomentum beneath, as well as the base of the 

 erect branched stems ; bracteas setaceous, equalling the calyxes ; 

 calycine teeth 10, setaceous, mucronate, straight, spreading much, 

 rather shorter than the tube ; corolla scarcely exceeding the 

 calyx. Tj. . H. Native of Caucasus, on the Talusch mountains. 

 M. peregrinum, Meyer, verz. pflanz. no. 820. This differs from 

 M. peregrinum of Lin. in not being silky, and in the calycine 

 teeth being 10. Corolla white ; galea bifid. 



Small-flowered Horehound. PI. 1 to \\ foot. 



21 M. pROPi'NauuM (Fisch. et Meyer, 1. c.) clothed with 

 canescent villi ; stem branched, erectish ; leaves wrinkled, petio- 

 late, coarsely crenated : lower leaves almost orbicular : middle 

 ones obovate : upper ones cuneated ; bracteas setaceous, rather 

 shorter than the calyxes ; calycine teeth villous, setaceous, mu- 

 cronate, spreading much, straight, not half so long as the tube ; 

 tube of corolla exserted ; galea short. If.. H. Native of Cau- 

 casus, on the Talusch mountains. Allied to M. leonuroides. 

 Flowers violaceous. 



Allied Horehound. PI. 1 to 2 feet.? 



Cult. All the species of Marrubium grow freely in any com- 

 mon garden soil, and are readily increased by division and by 

 seed. 



LXXXVII. BALLOTA 



, ballote, the Greek name 



