134 ZOOLOGICAL GEOGRAPHY. [PART in. 



York are, Scincus, Tropidolepis, Plestiodon, Lygosoma, Ameiva, and 

 Phrynosoma. 



Tortoises, especially the fresh-water kind, are very abun- 

 dant ; and the genera Aromochelys, Chelydra, Terrapene, and 

 Trionyx, are nearly, if not quite, confined to this division of the 

 region. 



Amphibia. Almost all the remarkable forms of Urodela, or 

 tailed batrachians, peculiar to the region are found here only; such 

 as Siren and Pseudobranchus, constituting the family Sirenidse ; 

 Mendbranchus, allied to the Proteus of Europe ; Amphiuma, an 

 eel-like creature with four rudimentary feet, constituting the 

 family Amphiumidae ; Notopthalmus, Desmognathus, and Meno- 

 poma, belonging to the Salamandridse ; together with several 

 other genera of wider range. Of Anura, or tail-less batrachians, 

 there are no peculiar genera, but the Neotropical genus of toads, 

 Engystoma, extends as far as South Carolina. 



Fishes. Owing to its possession of the Mississippi and the 

 great lakes, almost all the peculiar forms of North American 

 fishes are confined to this sub-region. Such are Perca, Pileoma, 

 Huro, Bryttus, and Pomotis (Percidse) ; the families Aphredode- 

 ridse and Percopsidse ; several genera of Cyprinodontidse and 

 Cyprinidse ; and the family Poly^ontidse. 



Islands of the Alleghany Sub-region. 



The Bermudas. These islands, situated in the Atlantic, about 

 700 miles from the coast of Carolina, are chiefly interesting for 

 the proof they afford of the power of a great variety of birds to 

 cross so wide an extent of ocean. There are only 6 or 8 species 

 of birds which are permanent residents on the islands, all com- 

 mon North American species; while no less than 140 species 

 have been recorded as visiting them. Most of these are 

 stragglers, many only noticed once ; others appear frequently 

 and in great numbers, but very few, perhaps not a dozen, come 

 every year, and can be considered regular migrants. The per- 

 manent residents are, a greenlet ( Vireo noveboracensis), the cat- 

 bird (Galeoscoptes carolinensis), the blue bird (Sialia sialis), the 

 cardinal (Cardinalis virginianus), the American crow (Cormis 



