46 KEY AND FLORA 



branched prickles. This blooms chiefly in the summer and 

 fall, and is generally fruiting at the same time. 



a. C. chrysophylla A. DC. GOLDEN-LEAVED CHINQUAPIN. Leaves 

 lanceolate, pointed, dark green above, golden below. This is generally 

 a shrub, but becomes a large beautiful tree in Mendocino County. 



b. C. semper'virens Dudley. Leaves obovate-oblong, obtuse at apex. 

 This is the species of the Sierra Nevada Mountains. 



III. COR'YLUS, Hazelnut 



Staminate flowers in slender, drooping catkins, each flower 

 consisting of 8 stamens with 1-cellecl anthers. Pistillate 

 flowers several, grouped in a scaly bud, each consisting of a 

 single ovary in the axil of a bract, and with a smaller bract 

 on each side. Ovary 2-celled, 2-ovule^d (one seed only matur- 

 ing). Stigmas 2, bright red, long and slender. Nut roundish, 

 enclosed in a fringed cup. 



C. jrostra'ta Ait. var. Califor'nica A. DC. Shrubby. Leaves slightly 

 heart-shaped. Staminate flowers drooping, very numerous; con- 

 spicuous on the leafless stems of winter. Involucre completely 

 covering the nut, and prolonged into a beak above it. This is 

 common in the woods along the coast. It blooms very early. 



ARISTOLOCHIA'CEJE. DUTCHMAN'S PIPE FAMILY 



Shrubs or perennial herbs. Leaves heart or kidney shaped, 

 palmately veined. Perianth adnate to the 6-celled ovary, 

 greenish brown, regular or irregular. Stamens 6-12, attached 

 to the style, with anthers opening outwards. Styles 6, united 



at base. 



I. AS' ARUM, Wild Ginger 



Low herbs. Leaves and flowers springing from creeping root- 

 stocks which have the odor of ginger. Leaves large, kidney- 

 shaped, on long petioles. Flowers erect, bell-shaped, with 3 

 divisions bearing long tails. Stamens 12, almost free from the 

 style. Capsule round. Seeds large, 2 rows in each cell. 



a. A. cauda'tum Lindl. Flowers on slender pedicels. Divisions 

 of the perianth with tails from 1 to 3 in. long. This grows in damp, 

 shady places under the trees in the Coast Mountains. 



