LINNAEUS 73 



Professor of Anatomy and Physics in the University of 

 Upsala, which has a great reputation at the present 

 day. He also devoted many years to the development 

 of the neglected botanical gardens at Upsala. He ulti- 

 mately lectured on botany at the same university, and 

 became its rector, and many of his students came from 

 England, France, Germany, Russia and America. He also 

 lectured on natural history and materia medica. 



In 1768 Linnaeus published the last edition of his 

 Systema Naturse, and in the preface he says : 



I have ranged through thick and shady forests of nature ; I have 

 to and fro found sharp and perplexing thorns; I have, as much as 

 possible, avoided them, but learned at the same time that foresight 

 and attention do not always conciliate perfect and entire safety. I 

 have therefore quietly borne the derision of grinning satyrs, and the 

 jumps of monkeys upon my shoulders. I have entered the career and 

 completed the course assigned by fate. 



Concerning natural history, Linnaeus published a 

 description of the Swedish animals, birds, insects, minerals, 

 etc., and he divided them into three kingdoms, and 

 characterised them as follows : 



LAPIDES, corpora congesta, nee viva, nee sentientia. 

 VEGETABILIA, corpora organisata et viva, non sentientia. 

 ANIMALIS, corpora organisata et viva et sentientia, sponteque se 

 moventia. 



Minerals are unorganized ; plants are organized and 

 live ; and animals are organized, live, feel, and move 

 spontaneously : and in the animal kingdom he had recog- 

 nized six classes mammals, birds, amphibians (including 



