42 THE DEPOSITS OF THE SEA-BOTTOM. 



to the next, and which contain a large abundance of coarse' material. Though the specimens here 

 are not situated on the ridge itself they are found immediately south of it, and it is to be supposed 

 that it is able to assert its influence by giving material for the specimens. By an examination of 

 this material it will be seen that the volcanic part of it reaches far to the west, about two thirds of 

 the distance towards Greenland. So far, then, the ridge is built of entirely Icelandic material, the 

 common black basalt, however, not being so predominant, as is usually the case, but partly replaced 

 by a red-brown, loose, disintegrated basalt, and by black or gray pumice; in specimen no. n this latter 

 is still predominating over the other ingredients; but in specimen no. 92, distant only about 20 kms. 

 from the last mentioned one, the ingredients are chiefly not volcanic, that is to say, partly quartzite or 

 sandstone, and partly fine-grained rocks as granulite and the like; here, then, we are in a region, in 

 which the older formations are interrupted by a few eruptive regions, and such a region is found 

 once more farther to the west, at specimen no. 13 situated ca. 80 kms. west of the preceding one, and 

 only 150 kms. from the nearest coast of Greenland, while it is more than 450 kms. distant of Iceland. 

 Here are found numerous pieces of the before mentioned basalt which does not resemble any of the 

 more common Icelandic rocks, and the presence of which in several rather angular pieces on the 

 same place seems to imply that it must have been broken off from a rock in the neighbourhood 

 consisting of this sort But this, evidently, is the very outermost volcanic region to the west; in 

 specimen no. 94 , lying still closer to Greenland , only a few pieces of volcanic material of different 

 nature are found, the predominant ingredient being quartz, the greater part of which has probably 

 come directly from Greenland. 



In this connection might still remain a mentioning of the few ingredients of more or less 

 certain basaltic origin that are found in some of the northernmost specimens at the west coast of 

 Greenland, and probably have their origin from the region of basalt farther north; but partly they 

 are too insignificant to draw further conclusions from, and partly the connection with more northerly 

 specimens is wanting, so that from these ingredients no laws can be deduced with regard to the 

 distribution of this basalt. 



Appendix to I. 



In connection with the preceding section there still remains the description of a collection 

 of larger and smaller stones that are for the greater part too large to have been taken in the sounding 

 tube, but are taken in the trawl or the dredge. The reason why I have not treated them in the 

 preceding section, is partly that this material did not come into my possession, till the whole account 

 had been written, so that- the addition would have caused much rewriting. Further the material 

 treated of here, has been very unequally represented at the different stations, the number of stones taken 

 in each place being dependent not only on the number in which they are found on the bottom, but 

 also on the extent to which the different instruments have been used, and the effect they have had; 

 in the case that an especially large number of stones is found in a locality, it may easily happen, for 

 inst that the trawl is torn, and brings up none of them; while, on the other hand, the fact that the 

 trawl is torn, is no evidence of any special large amount of stones, as one large stone may be the 

 cause of that 



