4, THE DEPOSITS OF THE SEA-BOTTOM. 



Station ii. According to the journal some stones were found here of which two were granite, 

 the rest basalt 



Station 18. A very copious and varying collection of stones, 66 in all, up to I2 cm in diameter; 

 most of them were subangular, a few more irregularly shaped; some were distinctly ice-striated, a single 

 one with so regular streaks, that it looks as having formed the surface of a firm rock. Only 15 of 

 the stones were volcanic, viz. 6 black or dark gray basalt, 7 brown or brown-gray volcanic tufa, and 

 two black pumice. Of the rest 14 pieces were granite, one porphyry, 12 crystalline schists, 17 sand- 

 stone, 3 clay-slate, two lime-stone, and one concretion. Of the granites 4 were fine-grained gray, 8 

 fine-grained red, two red, middle-grained, one of them with strongly blue quartz, 5 gray, middle- 

 grained, one large-grained hornblende-granite, and one beautiful red graphic granite. The quartz- 

 phorphyry was light red with small, angular grains of quartz. The stones of gneiss were as varying 

 as the granites, there were: 4 red gneiss, 5 gray gneiss, and further one grauulite, and two dark mica- 

 schist. Of the sandstones 7 were common quartz-sandstone, white or white-gray, more or less fine- 

 grained; one light red, and two more strongly red sandstone, One darker gray, 3 quartzite, two brown 

 sandstone with mica, and one gray lime-sandstone, rich in mica. Of the clay-slates one was a common, 

 gray one, the two others were red, rather hard, and rich in quartz with a very irregular fracture. 

 Further were found one white limestone without fossils, and one grayish limestone with some glittering 

 fish-scales, and other indeterminable remnants of fishes. Upon the whole it will be seen that no special 

 type of rock is found predominant over the others in this specimen; thus it is not very probable that 

 any of the stones have their origin from rocks on the sea-bottom; but they may all be taken to have 

 been carried there by ice, which must naturally have come in especially large quantity from East- 

 Greenland, or perhaps from other, still more northerly polar lands, while the Icelandic influence in 

 this direction is only small, contrary to what is the case with the smaller ingredients of the specimen, 

 in which the volcanic elements are almost as conspicuous as the not volcanic. 



Station 20. According to the journal numerous stones were found here of the size of a wal- 

 nut, mostly granite; a couple were basalt, that is to say upon the whole the same ratio, as shown by 

 the other ingredients of the specimen. 



Station 24. A few small fragments of granite (according to the journal). 



Station 25. According to the journal was found a large block of granite or gneiss; many 

 smaller blocks of granite. 



Station 27. 7 smaller stones, up to 5 cm , almost quite angular, five of them rather fine-grained, 

 gray or red, gneiss or granite, one feldspar, and one black basalt, which latter has probably been 

 carried with the ice from the region of the isle of Disco. 



Station 46. According to the journal numerous stones, the chief part of which was basalt; 

 some were granite, a few pieces were mica-schist. This result does not coincide very well with that, 

 got from the smaller ingredients that are, for far the greater part, not volcanic; sandstones and fine- 

 grained granite and gneiss, and perhaps also other rocks may, however, have been classed as basalt, 

 if, as is often the case, they have been coated with a black crust If, on the other hand, the state- 

 ment be correct, the reason may be taken to be that the ice from Greenland and the polar regions 

 reaches so far to the south, while the basalt found must necessarily have been deposited by coast-ice 



