THE HYDRAULIC RAM. 105 



Thus, if the rain be placed under a fall of 5 feet, for 

 every 7 gallons drawn from the spring, 1 gallon may be 

 raised 25 feet, or J a gallon 50 feet, and forced a distance 

 of 50 rods. If the fall be 10 feet, it will raise one gallon 

 50 feet, or J a gallon 100 feet, for every 7 gallons dis- 

 charged by the stream. If the fall be 10 feet, and the vol- 

 ume of the stream be doubled, it will raise 1 gallon 100 

 feet, and so on in the same ratio. 



The pipe leading from the spring or head of the fall to 

 the ram is called the supply pipe. 



The pipe leading from the ram to the reservoir or cistern 

 is called the discharging pipe. 



The shorter and straighter the supply pipe, the better. 

 Hence, unless the supply pipe is laid to the head of a 

 spring, it is better to dam the stream at the head of its 

 greatest fall, and after inserting the supply pipe at the base 

 of the dam, let it follow the depression of the bed of the 

 stream to the ram at the lowest point. 



The shorter and straighter the discharging pipe the bet- 

 ter ; there is less friction to be overcome. 



Should it be necessary to curve either pipe, let the radius 

 of the curve be as large as possible. 



To ascertain the quantity of water and the height to 

 which it may be elevated by a given fall and volume of 

 water discharging pipe not over 50 rods. 



RULE. Find, by means of a common level, the fall of 



your spring or stream ; then find the quantity of water it 



5* 



