THE HYDRAULIC RAM. 109 



Mr. H. L. Emery, of Albany, in a communication to the 

 Country Gentleman, says : " The result of a water ram is 

 calculated upon the principle that a pound of force will 

 raise a pound of water an equal height, and a less quantity 

 to a greater height, which height is limited only by the 

 strength of the pipes themselves. 



" To enable any one to select the size ram it is necessary 

 to compute the elevation to be overcome, and the greatest 

 amount of fall which can be conveniently obtained, and 

 divide the first by the last, and the quotient will be the 

 proportion of the water (passing through the drive-pipe) 

 which will be raised ; first, however, deducting for waste 

 of power and friction say \ of the amount ; thus, with ten 

 feet fall and one hundred feet elevation, one-tenth of the 

 water would be raised, if there were no friction or loss; 

 but deducting, say one-quarter for loss, and 7J gallons for 

 each 100 gallons would be raised, all the balance of the 

 water being required or wasted to accomplish this result." 



