TILE DRAINING. 365 



The round tile, if well made, is much better, is practically 

 perfect. A tile does not need aflat side to lie upon, for in nine 

 cases out of ten the bottom of the ditch is not flat, and as soon 

 as each piece is put in its place, and while it is held there by 

 the tile-layer, a second man covers it sufficiently to hold it 

 firmly. The smaller sizes have collars or rings to fit them, 

 and these keep the joints " in line " and prevent loose dirt 

 from rattling into the wider openings. Another great ad- 

 vantage of the round tiles is that, if they don't fit each other 

 as they are first laid, they can be turned over until the 

 slight inequalities of the two ends will correspond. 



All of the larger tile makers now make the round tiles, 

 and most of them make them very well. A machine in- 

 vented by Mr. Tiffany (of the Crosmann Clay and Manufac- 

 turing Company, "Woodbridge, New Jersey) moulds the tiles 

 more smoothly, and presses them harder, than any other yet 

 brought into use. Mr. C. W. Boynton, of "Woodbridge, 

 however, seems to have brought more real talent to the 

 manufacture of tiles than any one else who has under- 

 taken the business, and his pipes are probably the best now 

 made, inasmuch as they are two feet long twice the usual 

 length and are supplied with connecting pieces for admit- 

 ting lateral drains into the main trunk lines. Heretofore it 

 has been the custom to pick a hole in the side of the tile of 

 the main drain, and to bring the end of the lateral against 

 it, closing the irregular openings by covering them with bits 

 of broken tile or small stones ; and it was nice work to 



