SOILING CATTLE. 409 



Where it is desirable to plough as little as possible, clover 

 and grass may with advantage enter much more largely into 

 the arrangement. 



Two general principles, however, may be stated as appli- 

 cable to all of the more temperate regions of our Northern 

 States 



1. The earliest abundant food will be secured by the use 

 of winter rye. 



2. The best and most abundant food for the later summer 

 and earlier autumn time will be secured by the use of Indian 

 corn. 



ARGUMENTS IN FAVOR OF SOILING. 



Mr. Quincy states the following as the leading advan- 

 tages of this system : 



"1st. The saving of land. 



" 2d. The saving of fencing. 



" 3d. The economizing of food. 



" 4th. The better condition and greater comfort of the 

 cattle. 



" 5th. The greater product of milk. 



" 6th. The attainment of manure." 



On the subject of the 3d item the economy of food he 

 says : " There are six ways by which beasts destroy the ar- 

 ticle destined for their food 1. By eating ; 2. By walking ; 



3. By dunging ; 4. By staling ; 5. By lying down ; 6. By 



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