51 



as solid as limestone, and have to be disintegrated in a powerful 

 machine. Tnese difficulties have all been overcome by this 

 Company, and they are now able to ship 13 per cent, of Soluble 

 Phosphoric Acid in three days from the time of the order; this 

 is called by them theEtiwan Dissolved' Bone; they also manufac- 

 ture an ammoniated fertilizer, called the Etiwan, by adding to 

 the mass in the mixing tub the proper quantities of Peruvian 

 Guaoo, Ammoniacal Matter, and German Potash Salts ; they 

 also employ a Chemist to analyze all material received, prescribe 

 all formulas, and to analyze the fertilizers when ready for mar- 

 ket; every ingredient is most carefully weighed and the 

 results scientifically scrutinized. Their laboratory is among the 

 most complete in the South, and as a fertilizer company they 

 rank among the foremost in the world. 



The disintegrating and screening is the last process in the manu- 

 facture; the mass from the mixing tub, after standing for a 

 time, is mined out and loaded in cars, which are elevated to a 

 machine called the disintegrator; of these there are two one 

 imported from England, and the other made in Baltimore ; this 

 machine consists of two wheels, one within the other, and 

 revolving vertically in opposite directions. The stuff is fed in 

 at the centre, dashed to pieces by the bars at the periphery, 

 and falling through these is received in a revolving screen, 

 after passing through which it is ready for market. 



The power of driving all this machinery consists of two 

 80 and 100 horse power respectively, the former being made in 

 Connecticut and the latter in Charleston. There is a set of 

 boilers for each engine, and also another single one to generate 

 steam for the chambers ; but the steam pipes are so arranged 

 that any engine can be run from any boiler. Of donkey water 

 pumps there are three one small one to supply the boilers; 

 one of 450 gallons a minute capacity, which supplies a tank 65 

 feet high, from which water pipes are distributed all over the 

 works ; and one of 1,200 gallons a minute capacity for fire 

 insurance. There is also a donkey air pump which pumps air 

 into a boiler in which it is retaiped under a pressure of 50 

 pounds to the square inch, and from which it is drawn for the 

 purpose of forcing the acid up to the mixing tub and condensing 

 towers. There are also, five heaters through which passes the 

 escape steam from the engines and which heats the feed water 

 to 200 Fahr., thus saving much fuel. 



The Works are also connected with the South Carolina and 

 Northeastern Railroads by a track laid down by the Company, 

 so that they ship directly from their Works to any point in the 

 interior. 



To the east of the Works, on a point commanding a most 

 beautiful view of the harbor arid sea, are four dwelling houses, 

 in which live the families of seven of the white employees of 

 the Company, including the Superintendent, Engineer, and sul- 



